{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T01:23:28Z","timestamp":1776216208347,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CATENA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T12:54:09Z","timestamp":1590065649000},"page":"104673","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Physicochemical and microbial properties of urban park soils of the cities of Marrakech, Morocco and Toru\u0144, Poland: Human health risk assessment of fecal coliforms and trace elements"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Meriyeme","family":"Beroigui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Naylo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Walczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6049-8398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Hafidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1467-9870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Charzy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"\u015awitoniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9593-9533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szymon","family":"R\u00f3\u017ca\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Boularbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0005","unstructured":"ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry), 2001. Summary report for the ATSDR soil-pica workshop. ATSDR, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. March 20, 2001."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0010","first-page":"161","article-title":"Sur le dosage rapide du carbone organique des sols","volume":"2","author":"Anne","year":"1945","journal-title":"Ann. Agr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.04.023","article-title":"Assessment of pathogenic bacteria in treated graywater and irrigated soils","volume":"458","author":"Benami","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.12.015","article-title":"Copper toxicity in the general population","volume":"121","author":"Brewer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gexplo.2012.10.019","article-title":"Relationship between organic carbon content and the activity of selected enzymes in urban soils under different anthropogenic influence","volume":"129","author":"Bielinska","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Geochem. Explor."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2005.07.079","article-title":"Heavy metal contamination from mining sites in South Morocco: 1. Use of a biotest to assess metal toxicity of tailings and soils","volume":"63","author":"Boularbah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj1962.00021962005400050028x","article-title":"Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soils","volume":"54","author":"Bouyoucos","year":"1962","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1989.03615995005300030029x","article-title":"Texture, climate, and cultivation effects on soil organic matter content in U.S. grassland soils","volume":"53","author":"Burke","year":"1989","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2005.00916.x","article-title":"Population structure, persistence, and seasonality of autochthonous Escherichia coli in temperate, coastal forest soil from a great lakes watershed","volume":"8","author":"Byappanahalli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2007.04.004","article-title":"Toxicity interaction of metals (Ag, Cu, Hg, Zn) to urease and dehydrogenase activities in soils","volume":"39","author":"Chaperon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0055","series-title":"Technogenic Soils of Poland","author":"Charzy\u0144ski","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0060","unstructured":"Charzy\u0144ski, P., Bednarek, R., Hulisz, P., Zawadzka, A., 2013b. Soils within Toru\u0144 urban area. In: Charzy\u0144ski, P., Hulisz, P., Bednarek, R. (Eds.), Technogenic soils of Poland.Toru\u0144: Polish Society of Soil Science, Toru\u0144, pp. 55\u201380."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4801","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-8209-5","article-title":"Influence of the soil sealing on the geoaccumulation index of heavy metals and various pollution factors","volume":"24","author":"Charzy\u0144ski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1080\/00380768.2018.1429833","article-title":"Issues related to classification of garden soils from the urban area of Toru\u0144, Poland","volume":"64","author":"Charzy\u0144ski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Plant Nutrit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2003.08.003","article-title":"The role of urban parks for the sustainable city","volume":"68","author":"Chiesura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2010.08.002","article-title":"Effect of texture and tree species on microbial properties of mine soils","volume":"46","author":"Chodak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-445X(02)00017-6","article-title":"Synergistic toxicity of multiple heavy metals is revealed by a biological assay using a nematode and its transgenic derivative","volume":"61","author":"Chu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.072447","article-title":"Contribution of public parks to physical activity","volume":"97","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0095","first-page":"102","article-title":"\u00ab Une biodiversit\u00e9 urbaine?","volume":"82","author":"Clergeau","year":"1996","journal-title":"Le Courrier du CNRS Cities, ciudades, villes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0100","series-title":"Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture","first-page":"15","article-title":"The soil. Physical, chemical and biological properties","author":"Delgado","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doran, J.W., Parkin, T.B., 1994. Defining and assessing soil quality. In: Doran, J.W., Coleman, D.C., Bezdicek, D.F., Stewart, B.A. (Eds.), Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment. Soil Science Society of America Special Publication No 35, Madison, WI, pp. 3\u201321.","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaspecpub35"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proenv.2013.04.039","article-title":"Health risk assessment of heavy metals in road dusts in urban parks of Beijing, China","volume":"18","author":"Du","year":"2013","journal-title":"Procedia Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0115","first-page":"695","article-title":"The impact of lead pollution on the environment of Rabat-Sale' (Morocco)","volume":"90","author":"El Abidi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Chim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0120","series-title":"Patrimoine en p\u00e9ril","author":"El Faiz","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.24310\/abm.v41i0.2455","article-title":"Biodiversit\u00e9 des espaces verts publics de la commune urbaine de Marrakech (CUM) (Maroc)","volume":"41","author":"El Faiz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Botanica Malacitana"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0130","first-page":"399","article-title":"Metal concentrations in plants from mining areas in South Morocco: health risks assessment of consumption of edible and aromatic plants","volume":"43","author":"El Hamiani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clean"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.12.096","article-title":"Toxicity assessment of garden soils in the vicinity of mining areas in Southern Morocco","volume":"177","author":"El Hamiani","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1065\/jss2008.01.269","article-title":"Contribution of technic materials to the mobile fraction of metals in urban soils in Marrakech (Morocco)","volume":"8","author":"El Khalil","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-012-0594-x","article-title":"Distribution of major elements and trace metals as indicators of technosolisation of urban and suburban soils","volume":"13","author":"El Khalil","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.02.116","article-title":"How physical alteration of technic materials affects mobility and phytoavailabilty of metals in urban soils?","volume":"152","author":"El Khalil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0155","series-title":"Selection of an Appropriate Phosphorus Test for Soils","first-page":"2","author":"Elrashidi","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8809(01)00254-7","article-title":"International approach to assessing soil quality by ecologically related biological parameters","volume":"88","author":"Filip","year":"2002","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02184247","article-title":"Amidase and urease activities in plants","volume":"64","author":"Frankenberger","year":"1982","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2004.10.003","article-title":"Different approaches to evaluating soil quality using biochemical properties","volume":"37","author":"Gil-Stores","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.04.160","article-title":"Fate of classical faecal bacterial markers and ampicillin-resistant bacteria in agricultural soils under Mediterranean climate after urban sludge amendment","volume":"565","author":"Gondim-Porto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0180","first-page":"215","article-title":"Implications of land management on soil microbial communities and nutrient cycle dynamics in the lowland tropical forest of northern Costa Rica","volume":"53","author":"Hafich","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trop. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0185","unstructured":"Health Canada, 2010. Federal contaminated site risk assessment in Canada, Part II: Health Canada Toxicological Reference Values (TRVs) and Chemical-Specific Factors, Version 2.0."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0190","first-page":"1721","article-title":"Impact de l\u2019\u00e9pandage de d\u00e9chets urbains sur les communaut\u00e9s bact\u00e9riennes de sols agricoles dans la p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso","volume":"4","author":"Hien","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0195","first-page":"1","article-title":"Urban soil resources of medium-sized cities in Poland: a comparative case study of Toru\u0144 and Zielona Gora","author":"Hulisz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0200","unstructured":"International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF), 1974. Microorganisms in foods. II. Sampling for microbiological analysis: Principles and specific applications. Toronto, Canada, University of Toronto Press."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0205","unstructured":"IUSS Working Group WRB, 2015. World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. World Soil Resources Reports No. 106. FAO, Rome."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1264\/jsme2.23.101","article-title":"Escherichia coli in the environment: implications for water quality and human health","volume":"23","author":"Ishii","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microbes Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.079","article-title":"Bioaccessibility of metals and human health risk assessment in community urban gardens","volume":"135","author":"Izquierdo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldg032","article-title":"Hazards of heavy metal contamination","volume":"68","author":"J\u00e4rup","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0225","first-page":"545","article-title":"Physico-chemical characteristics of topsoil for contrasted forest, agricultural, urban and industrial land uses in France","author":"Joimel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0230","series-title":"Trace Elements in Soils and Plants","author":"Kabata-Pendias","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00257924","article-title":"Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium","volume":"6","author":"Kandeler","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biol. Fertil. Soils"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.121-A326","article-title":"Urban gardening: managing the risks of contaminated soil","volume":"121","author":"Kessler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0250","first-page":"49","article-title":"Heavy metal status of soil and vegetables grown on peri-urban area of Lahore district","volume":"32","author":"Khan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soil Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2005.08.034","article-title":"Black carbon: The reverse of its dark side","volume":"63","author":"Koelmans","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0260","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trace elements in soils and vegetables from market gardens of urban areas in Marrakech city","author":"Laaouidi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0265","first-page":"255","article-title":"Dehydrogenase activity of technogenic soils of former sulphur mines (Yvaoriv and Nemyriv, Ukraine)","volume":"21","author":"Levyk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Agrophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/ejss.12518","article-title":"Urban soil and human health: a review","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.06.064","article-title":"Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil-vegetable system: A multi-medium analysis","volume":"463","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0280","first-page":"437","article-title":"Carbonate and gypsum. Methods of soil analysis: Part 3 \u2013 Chemical methods","volume":"5","author":"Loeppert","year":"1996","journal-title":"SSSA Book Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.02.053","article-title":"Incorporating bioaccessibility into human health risk assessments of heavy metals in urban park soils","volume":"424","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0290","first-page":"1","article-title":"Environmental science and technology briefs for citizens. Manhattan, Kan, USA: neutral-acidic reaction for hazardous substance research","volume":"15","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Health Effects Heavy Met."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0295","series-title":"Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s des sols et dynamique des mati\u00e8res organiques","article-title":"Changements d\u2019usage des terres dans les agro-syst\u00e8mes d\u2019Afrique sub-saharienne","author":"Masse","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.10.126","article-title":"Assessment of heavy metals contamination in surface layers of Roztocze National Park forest soils (SE Poland) by indices of pollution","volume":"168","author":"Mazurek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2010.03.005","article-title":"Soil microbial communities and activities under intensive organic and conventional vegetable farming in West Java, Indonesia","volume":"45","author":"Moeskops","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00022","article-title":"Stoichiometric imbalances between terrestrial decomposer communities and their resources: mechanisms and implications of microbial adaptations to their resources","volume":"5","author":"Mooshammer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0315","series-title":"Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment","first-page":"2900","article-title":"Urban soils","author":"Morel","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-014-0926-0","article-title":"Ecosystem services provided by soils of urban, industrial, traffic, mining, and military areas (SUITMAs)","volume":"15","author":"Morel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-018-2221-y","article-title":"Trace and major element contents, microbial communities, enzymatic activities of urban soils of Marrakech city along an anthropization gradient","volume":"19","author":"Naylo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0330","series-title":"Carbon and Nitrogen in the Terrestrial Environment","author":"Nieder","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0335","first-page":"1","article-title":"An investigation on physical, chemical and microbial quality of Isfahan swimming pool waters based on standard indicators","volume":"28","author":"Nikaeen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Isfahan Med. School"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1263\/jbb.102.157","article-title":"Effects of long-term heavy metal contamination on soil microbial characteristics","volume":"102","author":"Oliveira","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biosci. Bioeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-018-1982-7","article-title":"The impact of different land uses in urban area on humus quality","volume":"18","author":"Oktaba","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2011.07.002","article-title":"Effects of Cd or\/and Pb on soil enzyme activities and microbial community structure","volume":"37","author":"Pan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecol. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2005.05.010","article-title":"Microbial community structure and function in a soil contaminated by heavy metals: Effects of plant growth and different amendments","volume":"38","author":"P\u00e9rez-De-Mora","year":"2006","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-014-0963-8","article-title":"The impact of the soil sealing degree on microbial biomass, enzymatic activity, and physicochemical properties in the Ekranic Technosols of Toru\u0144 (Poland)","volume":"15","author":"Piotrowska-D\u0142ugosz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2005.02.025","article-title":"Long-term impact of irrigation with waste water effluents on heavy metal content in soils, crops and groundwater \u2013 a case study","volume":"109","author":"Rattan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0370","unstructured":"Regulation of the Minister of the Environment dated 1 September 2016 on procedures of pollution assessment for the land surface. (Republic of Poland, Journal of Laws of 2016, No. 1, item 1395)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2013.12.016","article-title":"Modelling agronomic properties of Technosols constructed with urban wastes","volume":"34","author":"Rokia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Waste Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2009.12.006","article-title":"Enzyme activities and diuron persistence in soil amended with vermicompost derived from spent grape marc and treated with urea","volume":"44","author":"Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(01)00351-7","article-title":"Detection and enumeration of coliforms in drinking water: current methods and emerging approaches","volume":"49","author":"Rompr\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0038-0717(02)00298-5","article-title":"Soil microbial activity after restoration of a semiarid soil by organic amendments","volume":"35","author":"Ros","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0395","unstructured":"Rossel, D., Tarradellas, J., Bitton, G., Morel, J.L., 1997. Use of enzymes in ecotoxicology: A case for dehydrogenase and hydrolytic enzymes. In: Rossel, D., Tarradellas, J., Bitton, G. (Eds.), CRC Lewis Publishers Inc., Boca Rafon Fla., pp. 179\u2013206."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.08.109","article-title":"Heavy metal content and mobility in urban soils of public playgrounds and sport facility areas, Poland","volume":"212","author":"R\u00f3\u017ca\u0144ski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2006.03.019","article-title":"Total and faecal coliform bacteria persistence in a pig slurry amended soil","volume":"102","author":"Rufete","year":"2006","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gexplo.2013.11.003","article-title":"Lead accumulation in plants grown in polluted soils. Screening of native species for phytoremediation","volume":"137","author":"Salazar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Geochem. Explor."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedobi.2004.12.002","article-title":"Distinguishing urban soils with physical, chemical, and biological properties","volume":"49","author":"Scharenbroch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pedobiologia (Jena)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwartz, C., 2013. Les sols de jardins, supports d\u2019une agriculture urbaine intensive. VertigO \u2013 la revue \u00e9lectronique en sciences de l'environnement, (Hors-s\u00e9rie 15).","DOI":"10.4000\/vertigo.12858"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0425","series-title":"Bioprocess Engineering Basic Concepts","author":"Shuler","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-005-9018-9","article-title":"Survival of faecal coliforms and hygiene risks in soils treated with municipal sewage sludge","volume":"28","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.95103276","article-title":"Daily estimates of soil ingestion in children","volume":"103","author":"Stanek","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2019.08.011","article-title":"Fungal abundance and diversity as influenced by properties of Technosols developed from mine wastes containing iron sulphides: A case study from abandoned iron sulphide and uranium mine in Rudki, south-central Poland","volume":"145","author":"St\u0119pniewska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-0717(69)90012-1","article-title":"Use of p-nitrophenyl phosphate for assay of soil phosphatase activity","volume":"1","author":"Tabatabai","year":"1969","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0450","first-page":"249","article-title":"Zur methodik der bestimmung der dehydrogenaseaktivitat im boden mittels Triphenyltetrazoliumchlorid (TTC)","volume":"21","author":"Thalmann","year":"1968","journal-title":"Landwirtsch. Forsch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-6496(03)00055-2","article-title":"Strain-dependent variability in growth and survival of Escherichia coli in agricultural soil","volume":"44","author":"Topp","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0460","unstructured":"US EPA, 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume I. Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A). EPA\/540\/1-89\/002."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0465","unstructured":"US EPA, 1994. Land Application of Sewage Sludge \u2013 A Guide for Land Appliers on the Requirements of the Federal Standards for the Use or Disposal of Sewage Sludge (40 CFR Part 503. EPA\/ 831-B-93\u2013002b). Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, Washington, DC."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0470","unstructured":"US EPA, 2001. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Volume III - Part A, Process for Conducting Probabilistic Risk Assessment. EPA 540-R-02-002."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0475","unstructured":"US EPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume I: Human Health Evaluation Manual, Part E: Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Risk Assessment. EPA\/540\/R-99\/005. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0480","unstructured":"US EPA, 2016. Regional Screening Levels (RSLs) - Generic Tables (May 2016). https:\/\/19january2017snapshot.epa.gov\/risk\/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables-may-2016_.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0485","unstructured":"US EPA, 2017. Update for Chapter 5 of the Exposure Factors Handbook 2011 Edition (Final). Soil and Dust Ingestion. (EPA\/600\/R-17\/384F). Washington, DC."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0490","unstructured":"US EPA, 2018. Exposure Assessment Tools by Routes \u2013 Ingestion. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Available at: https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/expobox\/exposure-assessment-tools-routes-ingestion)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0495","series-title":"Procedures for Soil Analysis","author":"Van Reeuwijk","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2011.195","article-title":"Natural immunity","volume":"12","author":"Von Hertzen","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(09)80048-6","article-title":"Physical evidence suggesting the transfer of soil Pb into young children via hand-to-mouth activity","volume":"2","author":"Watt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Appl. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0510","first-page":"52","article-title":"Basic procedures and methods of health risk assessment","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Res. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.03.067","article-title":"A soil ingestion pilot study for teenage children in China","volume":"202","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0520","series-title":"La m\u00e9dina de Marrakech: formation des espaces urbains d\u2019une ancienne capitale de Maroc","author":"Wilbaux","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7301","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00454-06","article-title":"Examination of the watershed-wide distribution of Escherichia coli along southern Lake Michigan: an integrated approach","volume":"72","author":"Whitman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0530","series-title":"Summary of Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated with Exposure to Chemicals","author":"WHO","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.09.004","article-title":"Urban environmental geochemistry of trace metals","volume":"142","author":"Wong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0540","first-page":"203","article-title":"Fractionnement et mobilit\u00e9 des m\u00e9taux lourds dans un sol en amont des eaux us\u00e9es de tanneries","volume":"13","author":"Yatrabi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Eau"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(11)60186-0","article-title":"Soil microbial and enzymatic activities across a chronosequence of chinese pine plantation development on the loess plateau of China","volume":"22","author":"Yuan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pedosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673_b0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2010.09.024","article-title":"Soil microbial biomass and activity response to repeated drying rewetting cycles along a soil fertility gradient modified by long-term fertilization management practices","volume":"160","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Geoderma"}],"container-title":["CATENA"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S034181622030223X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S034181622030223X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T05:33:02Z","timestamp":1759728782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S034181622030223X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":109,"alternative-id":["S034181622030223X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-8162"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-8162","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Physicochemical and microbial properties of urban park soils of the cities of Marrakech, Morocco and Toru\u0144, Poland: Human health risk assessment of fecal coliforms and trace elements","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CATENA","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104673","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104673"}}