{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:38:23Z","timestamp":1792154303042,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemico-Biological Interactions"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,16]],"date-time":"2010-01-16T04:16:06Z","timestamp":1263615366000},"page":"233-239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Influence of toluene co-exposure on the metabolism and genotoxicity of benzene in mice using continuous and intermittent exposures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"M.G.","family":"Bird","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.A.","family":"Wetmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.J.","family":"Letinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Nicolich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.R.","family":"Schnatter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.T.","family":"Whitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00409373","article-title":"Mutual metabolic suppression between benzene and toluene in man","volume":"60","author":"Innoue","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(77)90180-0","article-title":"Effects of toluene on the metabolism, disposition and hemopoietic toxicity of [3H]benzene","volume":"26","author":"Andrews","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.94102s9119","article-title":"Critical issues in benzene toxicity and metabolism: the effect of interactions with other organic chemicals in risk assessment","volume":"102","author":"Medinsky","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1218(84)90126-5","article-title":"Modifications in the myeloclastogenic effect of benzene in mice with toluene, phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene, Aroclor 1254, SKF-525A","volume":"135","author":"Gad-El-Karim","year":"1984","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/em.2850240405","article-title":"Reduction of benzene toxicity by toluene","volume":"24","author":"Plappert","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ. Mol. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2008.03.012","article-title":"Genotoxicity of intermittent co-exposure to benzene and toluene in male CD-1 mice","volume":"173","author":"Wetmore","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"issue":"January (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1080\/1047322X.1990.10389587","article-title":"Estimation of average concentration in the presence of nondetectable values","volume":"5","author":"Hornung","year":"1990","journal-title":"Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(89)90151-8","article-title":"Effect of exposure concentration, exposure rate, and route of administration on metabolism of benzene by F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice","volume":"99","author":"Sabourin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(79)90030-9","article-title":"Dose-dependent metabolic interaction between benzene and toluene in vivo and in vitro","volume":"48","author":"Sato","year":"1979","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(03)00064-7","article-title":"Inhibition of NF-\u03baB by hydroquinone sensitizes human bone marrow progenitor cells to TNF-\u03b1-induced apoptosis","volume":"187","author":"Kerzic","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(92)90123-A","article-title":"Increased production of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 by bone marrow leukocytes following benzene treatment of mice","volume":"113","author":"MacEachern","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(96)00182-8","article-title":"TNF-alpha promoter polymorphisms, production and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in different groups of patients","volume":"72","author":"Huizinga","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2007.01.014","article-title":"The TNF-\u03b1 238A polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to persistent bone marrow dysplasia following chronic exposure to benzene","volume":"31","author":"Lv","year":"2007","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.33995","article-title":"Reduced glutathione depletion causes necrosis and sensitization to TNF-\u03b1-induced apoptosis in cultured mouse hepatocytes","volume":"36","author":"Nagai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50230","article-title":"Mechanisms for sensitization to TNF-induced apoptosis by acute glutathione depletion in murine hepatocytes","volume":"37","author":"Matsumaru","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29470","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M706145200","article-title":"Glutathione depletion down-regulates tumor necrosis factor \u03b1-induced NF-\u03baB activity via I\u03baB kinase-dependent and -independent mechanisms","volume":"282","author":"Lou","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1996.tb01656.x","article-title":"Metabolic basis of benzene toxicity","volume":"60","author":"Ross","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2009.12.016","article-title":"Biological activity of hydroquinone thiol conjugates","volume":"184","author":"Lau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(88)90021-X","article-title":"Reductive addition of glutathione to p-benzoquinone, 2-hydroxy-p-benzoquinone, and p-benzoquinone epoxides. Effect of the hydroxy- and glutathionyl substituents on p-benzohydroquinone autoxidation","volume":"68","author":"Brunmark","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.898223","article-title":"Peroxidase-dependent metabolism of benzene's phenolic metabolites and its potential role in benzene toxicity and carcinogenicity","volume":"82","author":"Smith","year":"1989","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1021\/tx0000015","article-title":"The putative benzene metabolite 2,3,5-tris(glutathion-S-yl) hydroquinone depletes glutathione, stimulates sphingomyelin turnover, and induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells","volume":"13","author":"Bratton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib22","first-page":"1165","article-title":"An overview of benzene metabolism","volume":"104","author":"Snyder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1021\/tx00034a029","article-title":"Reaction of (E,E)-muconaldehyde and its aldehydic metabolites, (E,E)-6-oxohexadienoic acid and (E,E)-6-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienal, with glutathione","volume":"6","author":"Kline","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1080\/00984100050166361","article-title":"The role of metabolism and specific metabolites in benzene-induced toxicity: evidence and issues","volume":"61","author":"Ross","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfg024","article-title":"Male mice deficient in microsomal epoxide hydrolase are not susceptible to benzene-induced toxicity","volume":"72","author":"Bauer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(87)90196-7","article-title":"An interaction of benzene metabolites reproduces the myelotoxicity observed with benzene exposure","volume":"91","author":"Eastmond","year":"1987","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-7992(90)90101-O","article-title":"Genotoxicity of two metabolites of benzene: phenol and hydroquinoneshow strong syngergistic effects in vivo","volume":"244","author":"Barrale","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."}],"container-title":["Chemico-Biological Interactions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000927971000013X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000927971000013X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T13:22:25Z","timestamp":1757856145000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000927971000013X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S000927971000013X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-2797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-2797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Influence of toluene co-exposure on the metabolism and genotoxicity of benzene in mice using continuous and intermittent exposures","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemico-Biological Interactions","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.01.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}