{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:09:24Z","timestamp":1792613364387,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemico-Biological Interactions"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,17]],"date-time":"2015-12-17T12:51:57Z","timestamp":1450356717000},"page":"121-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Gastroprotective effects of thymol on acute and chronic ulcers in rats: The role of prostaglandins, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, and gastric mucus secretion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"244","author":[{"given":"Ana Roseli S.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Polyana B.F.","family":"Diniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malone S.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo L.C.","family":"Albuquerque-J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Thomazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4291\/wjgp.v5.i1.40","article-title":"Quality of healing of gastric ulcers: natural products beyond acid suppression","volume":"5","author":"Kangwan","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Gastrointest. Pathophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(11)70705-8","article-title":"Investigations on gastroprotective effect of citalopram, an antidepressant drug against stress and pyloric ligation induced ulcers","volume":"63","author":"Saxena","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rep. P. R."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-013-0947-z","article-title":"Geraniol-a flavoring agent with multifunctional effects in protecting the gastric and duodenal mucosa","volume":"387","author":"de Carvalho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedeb. Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1296.149725","article-title":"Gastroprotective effect of alpha-pinene and its correlation with antiulcerogenic activity of essential oils obtained from Hyptis species","volume":"11","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Mag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-012-0771-x","article-title":"Gastroprotective activity of carvacrol on experimentally induced gastric lesions in rodents","volume":"385","author":"Oliveira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedeb. Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2012.0102","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activities of carvacrol, a monoterpene present in the essential oil of oregano","volume":"15","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Med. Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2014.01.009","article-title":"The effect of a minor constituent of essential oil from Citrus aurantium: the role of \u03b2-myrcene in preventing peptic ulcer disease","volume":"212","author":"Bonamin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2009.04.006","article-title":"Effects of limonene and essential oil from Citrus auratium on gastric mucosa: role of prostaglandins and gastric mucus secretion","volume":"180","author":"Moraes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-009-0429-5","article-title":"Gastroprotective activity of isopulegol on experimentally induced gastric lesions in mice: investigation of possible mechanisms of action","volume":"380","author":"Silva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedeb. Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2011005000172","article-title":"Antiulcer effect of epoxy-carvone","volume":"22","author":"Siqueira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Braz. J. Pharmacogn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0134558","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134558","article-title":"Gastroprotective Mechanisms of the Monoterpene 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol)","volume":"10","author":"Rocha Caldas","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2013.10.003","article-title":"Effect of menthol in experimentally induced ulcers: pathways of gastroprotection","volume":"206","author":"Rozza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6314","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0606104","article-title":"Composition of the essential oils of Thymus and Origanum species from Algeria and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities","volume":"54","author":"Hazzit","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.04.005","article-title":"Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil of Lippia gracilis leaves","volume":"129","author":"Mendes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1159\/000093790","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of thymol: inhibitory effect on the release of human neutrophil elastase","volume":"77","author":"Braga","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.07.028","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and cicatrizing activities of thymol, a monoterpene of the essential oil from Lippia gracilis, in rodents","volume":"143","author":"Riella","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2014.04.016","article-title":"Thymol attenuates allergic airway inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse asthma","volume":"96","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(98)00086-7","article-title":"Antioxidant activity and mechanism of action of thymol and carvacrol in two lipid systems","volume":"64","author":"Yanishlieva","year":"1999","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.05.034","article-title":"Role of thymol on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in high fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"761","author":"Saravanan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-200208000-00005","article-title":"Voltage-dependent block of neuronal and skeletal muscle sodium channels by thymol and menthol","volume":"19","author":"Haeseler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn325","article-title":"Antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine digluconate alone and in combination with eucalyptus oil, tea tree oil and thymol against planktonic and biofilm cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"62","author":"Karpanen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4547-3","article-title":"Acaricidal activity of thymol against larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) under semi-natural conditions","volume":"114","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-013-0917-5","article-title":"Characterization of anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic potential of thymol in various experimental models","volume":"387","author":"Sancheti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schmiedeb. Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(79)90002-7","article-title":"Cytoprotection by prostaglandins in rats. Prevention of gastric necrosis produced by alcohol, HCl, NaOH, hypertonic NaCl, and thermal injury","volume":"77","author":"Robert","year":"1979","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib25","first-page":"265","article-title":"The production of acute ulceration by indomethacin in the rat, Scand","volume":"4","author":"Djahanguiri","year":"1969","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761991000600031","article-title":"Inhibition of gastric secretion by a water extract from Baccharis triptera, Mart","volume":"86","author":"Gamberini","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.19.418","article-title":"A\u00a0new method for the production of chronic gastric ulcer in rats and the effect of several drugs on its healing","volume":"19","author":"Takagi","year":"1969","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib28","first-page":"43","article-title":"A\u00a0simple method for the uniform production of gastric ulceration in the rat","volume":"5","author":"Shay","year":"1945","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1991.tb03461.x","article-title":"Effects of a polysaccharide fraction from the roots of Bupleurum falcatum L. on experimental gastric ulcer models in rats and mice","volume":"43","author":"Sun","year":"1991","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209009082811","article-title":"An antifungal saponin from fruit pulp of Dracaena manni","volume":"28","author":"Okunji","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. J. Crude Drug Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2950","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.07068.x","article-title":"Management of peptic ulcer disease not related to Helicobacter pylori or NSAIDs","volume":"97","author":"Quan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01517.x","article-title":"The risk of acute major upper gastrointestinal bleeding among users of aspirin and ibuprofen at various levels of alcohol consumption","volume":"94","author":"Kaufman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2007.05298.x","article-title":"Quantifying the risk for alcohol-use and alcohol-attributable health disorders: present findings and future research needs","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/nem186","article-title":"Evaluating the quality of randomized controlled trials that examine the efficacy of natural health products: a systematic review of critical appraisal instruments","volume":"6","author":"Whelan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X0900703X","article-title":"Protective effect of Origanum majorana L. \u2018Marjoram\u2019 on various models of gastric mucosal injury in rats","volume":"37","author":"Al-Howiriny","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-4257(01)00015-8","article-title":"Gastric mucosal integrity: gastric mucosal blood flow and microcirculation. An overview","volume":"95","author":"Abdel-Salam","year":"2001","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6918(03)00033-7","article-title":"Animal models in gastrointestinal alcohol research \u2013 a short appraisal of the different models and their results","volume":"17","author":"Siegmund","year":"2003","journal-title":"Best. Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2002000500003","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of natural compounds used in popular medicine for gastric ulcers","volume":"35","author":"Repetto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013203217788","article-title":"Mechanisms involved in protection afforded by L-arginine in ibuprofen-induced gastric damage: role of nitric oxide and prostaglandins","volume":"47","author":"Jimenez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(00)00278-8","article-title":"Intragastric administration of heparin enhances gastric ulcer healing through a nitric oxide dependent mechanism in rats","volume":"399","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.9304","article-title":"Nitric oxide in mucosal defense: a little goes a long way","volume":"119","author":"Wallace","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1997.273.6.G1246","article-title":"Reduction of shock-induced gastric damage by a nitric oxide-releasing aspirin derivative: role of neutrophils","volume":"273","author":"Wallace","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6270fje","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide is an endogenous modulator of leukocyte-mediated inflammation","volume":"20","author":"Zanardo","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.07.060","article-title":"Inhibition of hydrogen sulphide generation contributes to gastric injury caused by anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs","volume":"129","author":"Fiorucci","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.109.152801","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide Prevents Ethanol-Induced Gastric Damage in Mice: Role of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels and Capsaicin-Sensitive Primary Afferent Neurons","volume":"330","author":"Medeiros","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707605","article-title":"Role of the NO\/cGMP\/K(ATP) pathway in the protective effects of sildenafil against ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats","volume":"153","author":"Medeiros","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-013-0194-3","article-title":"Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide against cold restraint stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats","volume":"36","author":"Aboubakr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.02.033","article-title":"The emerging roles of hydrogen sulfide in the gastrointestinal tract and liver","volume":"131","author":"Fiorucci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2009.2900","article-title":"Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Gastrointestinal Tract","volume":"12","author":"Wallace","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00102.2004","article-title":"Gastroduodenal mucus bicarbonate barrier: protection against acid and pepsin","volume":"288","author":"Allen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.301.3.969","article-title":"Role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in prostaglandin-mediated gastroprotection in the rat","volume":"301","author":"Peskar","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-009-0009-9","article-title":"Gastroprotective effect of lupeol on ethanol-induced gastric damage and the underlying mechanism","volume":"17","author":"Lira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib53","first-page":"67","article-title":"Interaction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) with Helicobacter pylori in the stomach of humans and experimental animals","volume":"57","author":"Brzozowski","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.16510","article-title":"NSAID induced gastric damage in rats: requirement for inhibition of both cyclooxygenase 1 and 2","volume":"119","author":"Wallace","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddmec.2006.07.001","article-title":"New development in the mechanistic understanding of peptic ulcer diseases","volume":"3","author":"Lu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020122601107","article-title":"Inflammatory mediators in gastrointestinal defense and injury","volume":"226","author":"Wallace","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.2.589","article-title":"Leukotrienes: underappreciated mediators of innate immune responses","volume":"174","author":"Peters-Golden","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.28.1321","article-title":"An overview of acetic acid ulcer models: the history and state of the art of peptic ulcer research","volume":"28","author":"Okabe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1993.265.3.G418","article-title":"Nitric oxide generators and cGMP stimulate mucus secretion by rat gastric mucosal cells","volume":"265","author":"Brown","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2006.07.068","article-title":"Recent advances in proton pump inhibitors and management of acid-peptic disorders","volume":"15","author":"Jain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2014.11.012","article-title":"Chemical composition and anti-Helicobacter pylori effect of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge essential oil","volume":"22","author":"Falsafi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"}],"container-title":["Chemico-Biological Interactions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009279715301393?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009279715301393?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T13:39:19Z","timestamp":1757857159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0009279715301393"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["S0009279715301393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-2797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-2797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Gastroprotective effects of thymol on acute and chronic ulcers in rats: The role of prostaglandins, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, and gastric mucus secretion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemico-Biological Interactions","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}