{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T05:47:49Z","timestamp":1762926469022},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,25]],"date-time":"2014-01-25T00:32:47Z","timestamp":1390609967000},"page":"31-37","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Occurrence of parotoid glands in tadpoles of the tropical frog, Clinotarsus curtipes and their role in predator deterrence"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Sachin M.","family":"Gosavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prashant S.","family":"Gaikwad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narahari P.","family":"Gramapurohit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ameeta Ravi","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0005","series-title":"Tadpole: The Biology of Anuran Larvae","first-page":"240","article-title":"Ecology: resource use, competition and predation","author":"Alford","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9629(94)00213-D","article-title":"Lipid-reduced evaporative water loss in two arboreal hylid frogs","volume":"111","author":"Amey","year":"1995","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0015","series-title":"Chromatography \u2014 The Most Versatile Method of Chemical Analysis","article-title":"Instrumental analysis of tetrodotoxin","author":"Asakawa","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.2307\/1443948","article-title":"Skin structure and wiping behavior of Phyllomedusine frogs","volume":"2","author":"Blaylock","year":"1976","journal-title":"Copeia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2005.03.013","article-title":"Morphology of Bufo ictericus integument","volume":"36","author":"Brito-Gitirana","year":"2005","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2307\/1443271","article-title":"Salamander antipredator postures","volume":"1977","author":"Brodie","year":"1983","journal-title":"Copeia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.2307\/1313476","article-title":"Predator\u2013prey arms races","volume":"49","author":"Brodie","year":"1999","journal-title":"BioScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0040","first-page":"1","article-title":"The antipredator arsenal of fire salamanders: spraying of secretions from highly pressurized dorsal skin glands","volume":"46","author":"Brodie","year":"1990","journal-title":"Herpetologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1670\/0022-1511(2003)037[0420:TLETTS]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The Lure effect, tadpole tail shape, and the target of dragonfly strikes","volume":"37","author":"Buskirk","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Herpetol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0050","first-page":"63","article-title":"Water loss and an extra-epidermal lipid barrier in the Australian tree frog Litoria caerulea","volume":"28","author":"Christian","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1017\/S0006323197005045","article-title":"The natural history of amphibian skin secretions, their normal functioning and potential medical applications","volume":"72","author":"Clarke","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.08.016","article-title":"Biologically active substances from amphibians: preliminary studies on anurans from twenty-one genera of Thailand","volume":"44","author":"Daly","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0065","series-title":"Amphibians of the Peninsular India","author":"Daniels","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1163\/18759866-07603001","article-title":"Morphological re-evaluation of the parotoid glands of Bufo ictericus (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae)","volume":"76","author":"De Almeida","year":"2007","journal-title":"Contrib. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0075","series-title":"Biology of Amphibians","author":"Duellman","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0080","series-title":"Amphibians of India and Sri Lanka (Checklist and Bibliography)","author":"Dutta","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.001719","article-title":"The scent of danger: arginine as an olfactory cue of reduced predation risk","volume":"210","author":"Ferrer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2011.03.020","article-title":"Tetrodotoxin levels in larval and metamorphosed newts (Taricha granulosa) and palatability to predatory dragonflies","volume":"57","author":"Gall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0095","first-page":"183","article-title":"A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification","volume":"16","author":"Gosner","year":"1960","journal-title":"Herpetologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0100","first-page":"101","article-title":"Morphology and buccopharyngeal anatomy of the tadpole of Rana (Nasirana) alticola (Anura: Ranidae)","volume":"51","author":"Grosjean","year":"2003","journal-title":"Raff. Bull. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1670\/1-05A.1","article-title":"Critical literature review of the evidence for unpalatibility of amphibian egg and larvae","volume":"39","author":"Gunzburger","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Herpetol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.3390\/md8030577","article-title":"The chemical and evolutionary ecology of tetrodotoxin (TTX) toxicity in terrestrial vertebrates","volume":"8","author":"Hanifin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10728","article-title":"Three types of cutaneous glands in the skin of the Salamandrid Pleurodeles waltl. A histological and ultrastructural study","volume":"270","author":"Heiss","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Morphol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.2307\/1566044","article-title":"Description of the tadpoles of a stream breeding frog, Rana curtipes","volume":"35","author":"Hiragond","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Herpetol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.1777","article-title":"Mass bank: a public repository for sharing mass spectral data for life sciences","volume":"45","author":"Horai","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0130","first-page":"465","article-title":"The tadpoles of Rana glandulosa Boulenger (Anura: ranidae)","volume":"54","author":"Inger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Raff. Bull. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0","article-title":"Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head bacteriophage T4","volume":"227","author":"Laemmli","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27581","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027581","article-title":"Chemical defense of the Eastern Newt (Notophthalmus viridescens): variation in efficiency against different consumers and in different habitats","volume":"6","author":"Marion","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0145","first-page":"53","article-title":"In-vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of some Indian medicinal plants","volume":"31","author":"Parekh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Turk. J. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.09.016","article-title":"Further report of the occurrence of tetrodotoxin and new analogues in the Anuran family Brachycephalidae","volume":"45","author":"Pires","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/515647","article-title":"Evaluation of traditional Indian antidiabetic medicinal plants for human pancreatic amylase inhibitory effect in vitro","author":"Ponnusamy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0160","series-title":"Herpetology","author":"Pough","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.11021","article-title":"Skin glands, poison and mimicry in dendrobatid and leptodactylid amphibians","volume":"273","author":"Prates","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Morphol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1039\/b512118n","article-title":"Host-defence peptides from the glandular secretions of amphibians: structure and activity","volume":"23","author":"Pukala","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.32604\/biocell.2003.27.037","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of lactose-binding lectins from Bufo arenarum skin","volume":"27","author":"Riera","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biocell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2007.08.006","article-title":"Histochemistry of skin glands of Trachycephalus aff. venulosus Laurenti, 1768 (Anura, Hylidae)","volume":"39","author":"Rigolo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0185","first-page":"19","article-title":"Cytochemistry and electron microscopy. The preservation of cellular ultrastructure and enzymatic activity by aldehyde fixation","volume":"17","author":"Sabatini","year":"1963","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0190","first-page":"100","article-title":"Intrapopulation variation in body size and age at metamorphosis in the bicolored frog, Rana curtipes (Jerdon)","volume":"24","author":"Saidapur","year":"2003","journal-title":"Amphibia Reptilia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00376932","article-title":"Fish predation in size-structured populations of treefrog tadpoles","volume":"75","author":"Semlitsch","year":"1988","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.2307\/1565220","article-title":"Skin glands of Hyla japonica","volume":"32","author":"Shepherd","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Herpetol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2000.4953","article-title":"Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of tetrodotoxin and its analogs: liquid chromatography\/mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography\/tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"290","author":"Shoji","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0210","series-title":"A Natural History of Amphibians","author":"Stebbins","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9629(95)98515-I","article-title":"Cutaneous granular glands and amphibian venoms","volume":"111","author":"Toledo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0220","series-title":"The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians","first-page":"645","article-title":"Amphibians and their predators","author":"Wells","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3390\/md8030381","article-title":"Behavioral and chemical ecology of marine organisms with respect to tetrodotoxin","volume":"8","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/46.1.81","article-title":"Preparative isolation of bufalin and cinobufagin from Chinese traditional medicine ChanSu","volume":"46","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0235","first-page":"46","article-title":"Purification of a lysozyme from skin secretion of Bufo andrewsi","volume":"142","author":"Zhao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9615(2006)076[0585:TSODTT]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The scent of danger: tetrodotoxin (TTX) as an olfactory cue of predation risk","volume":"76","author":"Zimmer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecol. Monogr."}],"container-title":["Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S109564331400004X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S109564331400004X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T13:09:34Z","timestamp":1597410574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S109564331400004X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S109564331400004X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1095-6433"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1095-6433","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Occurrence of parotoid glands in tadpoles of the tropical frog, Clinotarsus curtipes and their role in predator deterrence","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.01.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}