{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T23:10:13Z","timestamp":1778800213230,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Espa\u00f1a Ministerio de Ciencia Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AGL2017-89436-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL2017-89436-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004895","name":"European Social Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/114959\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/114959\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004895","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004895","name":"European Social Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/130171\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/130171\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004895","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/114959\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/114959\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/130171\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/130171\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T11:36:05Z","timestamp":1645011365000},"page":"111168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Feeding frequency and dietary protein\/carbohydrate ratio affect feed intake and appetite regulation-related genes expression in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"267","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Basto-Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Couto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aires","family":"Oliva-Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kaiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Encarnaci\u00f3n","family":"Capilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Guerreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0005","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC","author":"AOAC","year":"2000"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.20709","article-title":"Distribution of ghrelin peptide in the gastrointestinal tract of stomachless and stomach-containing teleosts","volume":"72","author":"Arcamone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.10.003","article-title":"Effect of dietary macronutrients on the expression of cholecystokinin, leptin, ghrelin and neuropeptide Y in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)","volume":"240","author":"Babaei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2013.06.022","article-title":"Changes in expression of appetite-regulating hormones in the cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus) during short-term fasting and winter torpor","volume":"120","author":"Babichuk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/0001-3765202020181165","article-title":"Localization and distribution of CCK-8, NPY, Leu-ENK-, and Ghrelin- in the digestive tract of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836)","volume":"92","author":"Barrios","year":"2020","journal-title":"An. Acad. Bras. Ci\u00eanc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.736142","article-title":"Dietary protein source and protein\/carbohydrate ratio affects appetite regulation-related genes expression in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)","volume":"533","author":"Basto-Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1159\/000054642","article-title":"Appetite-suppressing effects of urotensin I and corticotropin-releasing hormone in goldfish (Carassius auratus)","volume":"73","author":"Bernier","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0040","series-title":"Starch","first-page":"2","article-title":"In: Methods of Enzymatic Analysis","volume":"vol. 6","author":"Beutler","year":"1984"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0045","first-page":"727","article-title":"Periprandial changes and effects of short- and long-term fasting on ghrelin, GOAT, and ghrelin receptors in goldfish (Carassius auratus)","volume":"186","author":"Blanco","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B-Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2016.12.033","article-title":"Effect of alternative oil sources at different dietary inclusion levels on food intake and appetite regulation via enteroendocrine and central factors in juvenile Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1858)","volume":"470","author":"Bonacic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2008.10.020","article-title":"Ghrelin in the summer flounder: immunolocalization to the gastric glands and action on plasma cortisol levels","volume":"152","author":"Breves","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0060","series-title":"Fish Nutrition","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bioenergetics","author":"Bureau","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.735616","article-title":"Effects of different feeding frequencies on growth, feed utilisation, digestive enzyme activities and plasma biochemistry of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed with different fishmeal and fish oil dietary levels","volume":"529","author":"Busti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00614","article-title":"Immunohistochemical characterization of PepT1 and Ghrelin in gastrointestinal tract of zebrafish: effects of spirulina vegetarian diet on the neuroendocrine system cells after alimentary stress","volume":"9","author":"Cascio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2008.05.013","article-title":"Effect of water temperature and dietary starch on growth and metabolic utilization of diets in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles","volume":"151","author":"Couto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00354","article-title":"Hypothalamic integration of metabolic, endocrine, and circadian signals in fish: involvement in the control of food intake","volume":"11","author":"Delgado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/10641262.2011.579363","article-title":"Dietary carbohydrate utilization by European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) juveniles","volume":"19","author":"Enes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Fish. Sci. Aquac."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2014.06.002","article-title":"Molecular cloning, regulation, and functional analysis of two GHS-R genes in zebrafish","volume":"326","author":"Eom","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-012-9679-0","article-title":"Molecular characterization of cholecystokinin in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus): cloning, localization, developmental profile, and effect of fasting and refeeding on expression in the brain and intestine","volume":"38","author":"Feng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1784","article-title":"Molecular cloning, tissue distribution, and ontogenetic expression of ghrelin and regulation of expression by fasting and refeeding in the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)","volume":"319","author":"Feng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool. A Ecol. Genet. Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2012.03.027","article-title":"Macronutrient-induced differences in food intake relate with hepatic oxidative metabolism and hypothalamic regulatory neuropeptides in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"106","author":"Figueiredo-Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2013.06.031","article-title":"Different protein to energy ratio diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata): effects on digestive and absorptive processes","volume":"412","author":"Garc\u00eda-Meil\u00e1n","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.734977","article-title":"High dietary carbohydrate inclusion by both protein and lipid replacement in gilthead sea bream. Changes in digestive and absorptive processes","volume":"520","author":"Garc\u00eda-Meil\u00e1n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.735867","article-title":"The digestive function of gilthead seabream juveniles in relation to feeding frequency","volume":"531","author":"Gilannejad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1111\/anu.12213","article-title":"Growth performance and gene expression in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed microdiets with high docosahexaenoic acid and antioxidant levels","volume":"21","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Cruz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aquac. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2015.08.009","article-title":"Ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cholecystokinin (CCK) in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala): cDNA cloning, tissue distribution and mRNA expression changes responding to fasting and refeeding","volume":"223","author":"Ji","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.11.001","article-title":"Ghrelin decreases food intake in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through the central anorexigenic corticotropin-releasing factor system","volume":"166","author":"J\u00f6nsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2006.04.010","article-title":"Identification of eel ghrelin in plasma and stomach by radioimmunoassay and histochemistry","volume":"148","author":"Kaiya","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2007.12.004","article-title":"Ghrelin: a multifunctional hormone in non-mammalian vertebrates","volume":"149","author":"Kaiya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2016.02.007","article-title":"Utilisation of dietary carbohydrates in farmed fishes: new insights on influencing factors, biological limitations and future strategies","volume":"467","author":"Kamalam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2008.06.029","article-title":"Association of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) messenger RNA level, food intake, and growth in channel catfish","volume":"151","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.10.009","article-title":"Gene structure, recombinant expression and functional characterization of grass carp leptin","volume":"166","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-016-0263-x","article-title":"The stimulatory effect of neuropeptide Y on growth hormone expression, food intake, and growth in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.2331\/fishsci.65.513","article-title":"Effect of feeding regimen on the food consumption, growth, and body composition in hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fish. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0175","first-page":"243","article-title":"Defining energy and protein requirements of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) to optimize feeds and feeding regimes","volume":"55","author":"Lupatsch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Isr. J. Aquac."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.01.021","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y (NPY), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and cholecystokinin (CCK) in winter skate (Raja ocellata): cDNA cloning, tissue distribution and mRNA expression responses to fasting","volume":"161","author":"MacDonald","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.07.021","article-title":"Different stressors induce differential responses of the CRH-stress system in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)","volume":"177","author":"Martos-Sitcha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2008.06.028","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing hormone mediates \u03b1-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced anorexigenic action in goldfish","volume":"29","author":"Matsuda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2007.11.016","article-title":"Temperature and dietary carbohydrate level effects on performance and metabolic utilisation of diets in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles","volume":"274","author":"Moreira","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2008.04.007","article-title":"Production of recombinant leptin and its effects on food intake in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"150","author":"Murashita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B: Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2008.11.024","article-title":"Ghrelin, cholecystokinin, and peptide YY in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): molecular cloning and tissue expression","volume":"160","author":"Murashita","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2019.03.040","article-title":"Effect of a plant-based low-fishmeal diet on digestive physiology in yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata","volume":"506","author":"Murashita","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0215","series-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp","author":"NRC","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01901","article-title":"Fasting upregulates npy, agrp, and ghsr without increasing ghrelin levels in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae","volume":"9","author":"Opazo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"196","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0225","article-title":"Appetite-suppressing effects and interactions of centrally administered corticotropin-releasing factor, urotensin I and serotonin in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"7","author":"Ortega","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.02.008","article-title":"Pre- and postprandial effects on ghrelin signaling in the brain and on the GH\/IGF-I axis in the Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)","volume":"161","author":"Peddu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2013.11.015","article-title":"Peripheral injections of cholecystokinin, apelin, ghrelin and orexin in cavefish (Astyanax fasciatus mexicanus): effects on feeding and on the brain expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, mechanistic target of rapamycin and appetite-related hormones","volume":"196","author":"Penney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00399","article-title":"Ghrelin and its receptors in gilthead sea bream: nutritional regulation","volume":"9","author":"Perell\u00f3-Amor\u00f3s","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.9.e45","article-title":"A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR","volume":"29","author":"Pfaffl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2021.113719","article-title":"Food intake, growth, and expression of neuropeptides regulating appetite in clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) exposed to predicted climate changes","volume":"304","author":"Pham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2017.03.018","article-title":"Characterization of appetite-regulating factors in platyfish, Xiphophorus maculatus (Cyprinodontiformes Poeciliidae)","volume":"208","author":"Pitts","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11071919","article-title":"Appetite regulation, growth performances and fish quality are modulated by alternative dietary protein ingredients in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) culture","volume":"11","author":"Pulido-Rodriguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00073","article-title":"Appetite-controlling endocrine systems in teleosts","volume":"8","author":"R\u00f8nnestad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/945056","article-title":"Ghrelin cells in the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"2010","author":"Sakata","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Pept."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.21.757","article-title":"Localization of ghrelin-producing cells in the stomach of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"21","author":"Sakata","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zool. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141043","article-title":"In situ localization and rhythmic expression of ghrelin and ghs-r1 ghrelin receptor in the brain and gastrointestinal tract of goldfish (Carassius auratus)","volume":"10","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Breta\u00f1o","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2095.1996.tb00012.x","article-title":"Effects of protein level of the diet on digestibility and growth of gilthead sea bream, Sparus auratus L","volume":"2","author":"Santinha","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aquac. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2015.06.031","article-title":"Elucidating the roles of gut neuropeptides on channel catfish feed intake, glycemia, and hypothalamic NPY and POMC expression","volume":"188","author":"Schroeter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R171","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-17-0320","article-title":"Central regulation of food intake in fish: an evolutionary perspective","volume":"60","author":"Soengas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-016-0335-y","article-title":"Effects of fasting, temperature, and photoperiod on preproghrelin mRNA expression in Chinese perch","volume":"43","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anres.2017.04.005","article-title":"Effects of feeding frequency on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of sex-reversed Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)","volume":"51","author":"Thongprajukaew","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agric. Nat. Resour."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2012.02.001","article-title":"Leptins and leptin receptor expression in the goldfish (Carassius auratus). Regulation by food intake and fasting\/overfeeding conditions","volume":"34","author":"Tinoco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2013.10.034","article-title":"Ghrelin increases food intake, swimming activity and growth in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta)","volume":"124","author":"Tinoco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.006","article-title":"Leptin expression is rhythmic in brain and liver of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Role of feeding time","volume":"204","author":"Tinoco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2021.737166","article-title":"Replacement of fish meal by Antarctic krill meal in diets for European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax: growth performance, feed utilization and liver lipid metabolism","volume":"545","author":"Torrecillas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4143","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220644","article-title":"Goldfish ghrelin: molecular characterization of the complementary deoxyribonucleic acid, partial gene structure and evidence for its stimulatory role in food intake","volume":"143","author":"Unniappan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1159\/000076634","article-title":"Orexigenic actions of ghrelin in goldfish: feeding-induced changes in brain and gut mRNA expression and serum levels, and responses to central and peripheral injections","volume":"79","author":"Unniappan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2011.02.027","article-title":"Postprandial effects on appetite-related neuropeptide expression in the brain of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar","volume":"171","author":"Valen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0345","series-title":"Fish Nutrition in Practice. Les Colloques","first-page":"453","article-title":"Studies on the use of dietary energy by gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) juveniles","author":"Vergara","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0350","series-title":"The Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology: From Genome to Environment","article-title":"Control of appetite","author":"Volkoff","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2015.05.004","article-title":"Cloning, tissue distribution and effects of fasting on mRNA expression levels of leptin and ghrelin in red-bellied piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri)","volume":"217-218","author":"Volkoff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2019.04.017","article-title":"Fish as models for understanding the vertebrate endocrine regulation of feeding and weight","volume":"497","author":"Volkoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)03001-8","article-title":"Effects of CART peptides on food consumption, feeding and associated behaviors in the goldfish, Carassius auratus: actions on neuropeptide Y- and orexin A-induced feeding","volume":"887","author":"Volkoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5076","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.12.8519","article-title":"Characterization of two forms of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide precursors in goldfish: molecular cloning and distribution, modulation of expression by nutritional status, and interactions with leptin","volume":"142","author":"Volkoff","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(03)02507-1","article-title":"Role of leptin in the control of feeding of goldfish Carassius auratus: interactions with cholecystokinin, neuropeptide Y and orexin A, and modulation by fasting","volume":"972","author":"Volkoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.07.022","article-title":"Appetite regulating factors in Dourado, Salminus brasiliensis: cDNA cloning and effects of fasting and feeding on gene expression","volume":"237","author":"Volkoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-014-9935-6","article-title":"Schizothorax prenanti corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH): molecular cloning, tissue expression, and the function of feeding regulation","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.12413","article-title":"Characterization, tissue distribution and regulation of neuropeptideY in Schizothorax prenanti","volume":"85","author":"Wei","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2016.04.005","article-title":"Regulation of feeding behavior and food intake by appetite-regulating peptides in wild-type and growth hormone-transgenic coho salmon","volume":"84","author":"White","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.04.019","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of leptin in a perciform fish, the striped bass (Morone saxatilis): control of feeding and regulation by nutritional state","volume":"178","author":"Won","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2008.12.004","article-title":"Molecular characterization of ghrelin and gastrin-releasing peptide in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): cloning, localization, developmental profile and role in food intake regulation","volume":"160","author":"Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-2906.2007.01314.x","article-title":"Effects of feeding time, water temperature, feeding frequency and dietary composition on apparent nutrient digestibility in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and common carp Cyprinus carpio","volume":"73","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fish. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-7345.2011.00494.x","article-title":"Combined effects of cycled starvation and feeding frequency on growth and oxygen consumption of gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata","volume":"42","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. World Aquacult. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.05.013","article-title":"Leptin and cholecystokinin in Schizothorax prenanti: molecular cloning, tissue expression, and mRNA expression responses to periprandial changes and fasting","volume":"204","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2015.02.019","article-title":"Obestatin partially suppresses ghrelin stimulation of appetite in \"high-responders\" grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus","volume":"184","author":"Yuan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.09.008","article-title":"Molecular cloning, characterization and expression profiles of multiple leptin genes and a leptin receptor gene in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)","volume":"181","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/are.12491","article-title":"Effects of feeding frequency and dietary protein levels on juvenile allogynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) var. CAS III: growth, feed utilization and serum free essential amino acids dynamics","volume":"47","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aquac. Res."}],"container-title":["Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1095643322000265?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1095643322000265?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T22:39:31Z","timestamp":1778798371000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1095643322000265"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["S1095643322000265"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168","relation":{},"ISSN":["1095-6433"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1095-6433","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Feeding frequency and dietary protein\/carbohydrate ratio affect feed intake and appetite regulation-related genes expression in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpa.2022.111168","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111168"}}