{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:17:12Z","timestamp":1792099032510,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]],"date-time":"2005-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,11]],"date-time":"2005-03-11T17:32:50Z","timestamp":1110562370000},"page":"221-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evidence that free radical generation occurs during scorpion envenomation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Dousset","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Carrega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.G.","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Clot-Faybesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Jouirou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Sauze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Devaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Autier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Jammes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.F.","family":"Martin-Eauclaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Guieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02023142","article-title":"Wie sind reihenwersuche fur bilogishe auswertungen am zweckmassigsten anzuorden","volume":"177","author":"Behrens","year":"1935","journal-title":"Arch. Exp. Path. Pharmakol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00762775","article-title":"The role of ascorbate in antioxidant protection of biomembranes: interaction with vitamin E and coenzyme Q","volume":"26","author":"Beyer","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Bioenerg. Biomembr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1975.tb07369.x","article-title":"An investigation of the tachycardia produced by intracerebroventricular injections of isoprenaline in mice","volume":"53","author":"Burden","year":"1975","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2828(88)80174-3","article-title":"The role of glutathione status in the protection against ischaemic and reperfusion damage: effects of N-acetyl cysteine","volume":"20","author":"Ceconi","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200101000-00002","article-title":"Reactive oxygen radicals in signaling and damage in the ischemic brain","volume":"21","author":"Chan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(00)00239-7","article-title":"In vivo neurotoxicity of Androctonus australis Hector scorpion venom: evidence that the supra-thoracic nervous system is not implicated in the clinical manifestations","volume":"39","author":"Clot-Faybesse","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(96)00219-X","article-title":"Biochemical and histopathological alterations induced in rats by Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom and major neurotoxin Tityus toxin-1","volume":"35","author":"Correa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(82)90138-6","article-title":"Two types of scorpion toxin receptor sites, one related to the activation, the other to the inactivation of the action potential sodium channel","volume":"1","author":"Couraud","year":"1982","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.00-0526hyp","article-title":"Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine on lung injury and red blood cell modification induced by carrageenan in the rat","volume":"15","author":"Cuzzocrea","year":"2001","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00174-3","article-title":"Acute myocarditis following Tityus trinitatis envenoming: morphological and pathophysiological characteristics","volume":"37","author":"Daisley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.02.021","article-title":"Quantitative variability in the biodistribution and in toxinokinetic studies of the three main alpha toxins from the Androctonus australis Hector scorpion venom","volume":"43","author":"Devaux","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(77)90118-0","article-title":"Action of venom from the scorpion Leirus quinquestriatus on release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerve endings of the mouse vas deferens","volume":"15","author":"Einhorn","year":"1977","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-8603(02)00120-9","article-title":"Effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine on peroxynitrite and superoxide anion production of lung alveolar macrophages in systemic sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Failli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(01)01324-3","article-title":"Reactive nitrogen and oxygen species in airway inflammation","volume":"429","author":"Folkerts","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1997.6547","article-title":"Postischemic infusion of Cu\/Zn superoxide dismutase or SOD: Tet451 reduces cerebral infarction following focal ischemia\/reperfusion in rats","volume":"146","author":"Francis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8320","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.13.8320","article-title":"Makatoxin 1, a novel toxin isolated from the venom of the scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch, exhibits nitrergic actions","volume":"272","author":"Gong","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(82)90240-9","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the scorpion envenomation in Tunisia","volume":"1","author":"Goyffon","year":"1982","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1038\/320454a0","article-title":"Superoxide anion is involved in the breakdown of endothelium-derived vascular relaxing factor","volume":"320","author":"Gryglewski","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(87)90170-X","article-title":"What is the treatment for the cardiovascular manifestations of scorpion envenomation?","volume":"25","author":"Gueron","year":"1987","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(80)90166-6","article-title":"Hemodynamic and myocardial consequences of scorpion venom","volume":"45","author":"Gueron","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3109\/15563659209038636","article-title":"The cardiovascular system after scorpion envenomation. A review","volume":"30","author":"Gueron","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Toxicol., Clin. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(93)90015-U","article-title":"Utilisation of aspirin, quinine and verapamil in experimental scorpion envenomation","volume":"26","author":"Guieu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2002.03726.x","article-title":"Autonomic effects of some scorpion venoms and toxins","volume":"29","author":"Gwee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03403527","article-title":"Role of macrophage oxidative burst in the action of anthrax lethal toxin","volume":"1","author":"Hanna","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1089\/089771503765355577","article-title":"Postischemic hypothermia inhibits the generation of hydroxyl radical following transient forebrain ischemia in rats","volume":"20","author":"Horiguchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(92)90111-W","article-title":"The influence of ascorbic acid on lipid peroxidation in guinea pigs intoxicated with cadmium","volume":"30","author":"Hudecova","year":"1992","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(95)00005-7","article-title":"The scorpion-envenoming syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Ismail","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1981.tb09105.x","article-title":"Further evidence for the involvement of Na+ channels in the release of adrenal catecholamines: the effect of scorpion venom and grayanotoxin I","volume":"72","author":"Ito","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(86)90205-1","article-title":"Antimalarial drugs and human neutrophil oxidative metabolism","volume":"80","author":"Kharazmi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10123","article-title":"Catecholamine-induced oligodendrocyte cell death in culture is developmentally regulated and involves free radical generation and differential activation of caspase 3","volume":"40","author":"Khorchid","year":"2002","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02191902","article-title":"N-Acetyl-l-cysteine and its derivatives activate a Cl\u00af conductance in epithelial cells","volume":"431","author":"Kottgen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch. (Eur. J. Physiol.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1095816","article-title":"Scorpion venom-induced release of noradrenaline does not modify glucagon output from the isolated perfused dog stomach","volume":"10","author":"Lefebvre","year":"1978","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(86)90139-X","article-title":"Large scale purification of toxins from the venom of the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector","volume":"24","author":"Martin","year":"1986","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(98)00025-2","article-title":"Alpha and beta-scorpion toxins evoke glutamate release from rat cortical synaptosomes with different effects on [Na+]i and [Ca++]i","volume":"37","author":"Massensini","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00106-8","article-title":"Serum interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, nitric oxide and alpha 1 antitrypsin in scorpion envenomed children","volume":"12","author":"Meki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(78)90342-1","article-title":"Determination of malonylaldehyde precursor by thiobarbituric acid test","volume":"86","author":"Mihara","year":"1978","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib37","first-page":"142","article-title":"Improvement of mucociliary transport in smokers by mucolytics","volume":"139","author":"Olivieri","year":"1985","journal-title":"Eur. J. Respir. Dis., Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1159\/000029447","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine reduces the exacerbation rate in patients with moderate to severe COPD","volume":"66","author":"Pela","year":"1999","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib39","first-page":"113","article-title":"Characterization of superoxide dismutase from south Indian scorpion venom","volume":"26","author":"Ramanaiah","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib40","first-page":"325","article-title":"Scorpion toxins: chemistry and mode of action","volume":"3","author":"Rochat","year":"1979","journal-title":"Adv. Cytopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006934612368","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of aspirin: characterization of the ability of aspirin to inhibit silica-induced lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, NF-kappaB activation, and TNF-alpha production","volume":"199","author":"Shi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)43062-6","article-title":"The reaction of superoxide radical with catalase. Mechanism of the inhibition of catalase by superoxide radical","volume":"259","author":"Shimizu","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)90370-0","article-title":"Protective effect of alpha-tocopherol on brain cell membrane function during cerebral cortical hypoxia in newborn piglets","volume":"653","author":"Shin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.118","article-title":"Vasodilators and hypertensive encephalopathy following scorpion envenomation in children","volume":"97","author":"Sofer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.10.2060","article-title":"Interactions between vitamin C and vitamin E are observed in tissues of inherently scorbutic rats","volume":"127","author":"Tanaka","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(00)00200-2","article-title":"Evidence for a direct action of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom on the cardiac muscle","volume":"39","author":"Teixeira","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(00)00103-6","article-title":"Antioxidants and the bioactivity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide","volume":"18","author":"Tomasian","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."}],"container-title":["Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1532045605000372?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1532045605000372?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T21:36:25Z","timestamp":1625607385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1532045605000372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1532045605000372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2005.02.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1532-0456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1532-0456","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}}}