{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:27:59Z","timestamp":1790821679760,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004621","name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["404000000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["404000000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinica Chimica Acta"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T05:22:09Z","timestamp":1755235329000},"page":"120555","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Immunologic and genetic biomarkers in acute pancreatitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"578","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Younesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Samare-Najaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Karim","family":"Azadbakht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8743-2946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navid","family":"Jamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-022-01766-4","article-title":"Acute pancreatitis: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"82","author":"Szatmary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15030258","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of acute pancreatitis","volume":"15","author":"Mittal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0015","first-page":"551","article-title":"Simple scoring for acute necrotizing pancreatitis: mortality in acute necrotizing pancreatitis during admission (MANP-A)","volume":"35","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0020","first-page":"10","article-title":"Management of acute pancreatitis","author":"Marino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Off. J. Am. College Gastroenterol.| ACG"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000033853","article-title":"Home monitoring vs hospitalization for mild acute pancreatitis. A pilot randomized controlled clinical trials","volume":"102","author":"Sorribas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1159\/000506830","article-title":"Management of severe acute pancreatitis: an update","volume":"102","author":"Gliem","year":"2021","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"issue":"2 Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0035","first-page":"1","article-title":"The management of acute and chronic pancreatitis","volume":"6","author":"Banks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5268","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i37.5268","article-title":"Acute pancreatitis: a review of diagnosis, severity prediction and prognosis assessment from imaging technology, scoring system and artificial intelligence","volume":"29","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12081974","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis","volume":"12","author":"Walkowska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0050","article-title":"The evaluation of inflammatory biomarkers in predicting progression of acute pancreatitis to pancreatic necrosis: a diagnostic test accuracy review","volume":"11","author":"Asim Riaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Healthc. (Basel Switzerland)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2015.043","article-title":"Blood tests for acute pancreatitis","volume":"38","author":"Basnayake","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aust. Prescr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1279539","article-title":"Immune response mechanisms in acute and chronic pancreatitis: strategies for therapeutic intervention","volume":"14","author":"Glaubitz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0065","unstructured":"P. Szatmary, I.J.P.T.E.P.K.B. Gukovsky, The role of cytokines and inflammation in the genesis of experimental pancreatitis, (2016)."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0070","first-page":"500","volume":"18","author":"Jain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Interleukin-6 Significantly Improves Predictive Value of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome for Predicting Severe Acute Pancreatitis"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8283","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158283","article-title":"Role of interleukin 6 in acute pancreatitis: a possible marker for disease prognosis","volume":"25","author":"Mititelu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0080","article-title":"Comparison of Ranson, Glasgow, MOSS, SIRS, BISAP, APACHE-II, CTSI scores, IL-6, CRP, and procalcitonin in predicting severity, organ failure, pancreatic necrosis, and mortality in acute pancreatitis","volume":"2013","author":"Khanna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hpb Surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl220356","article-title":"Comparison of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and the computed tomography severity index for early prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis","volume":"17","author":"Cho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.5301\/ijao.5000406","article-title":"Serum interleukin 17 as an early prognostic biomarker of severe acute pancreatitis receiving continuous blood purification","volume":"38","author":"Dai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Artif. Org."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000284","article-title":"Increased interleukin-23\/17 axis and C-reactive protein are associated with severity of acute pancreatitis in patients","volume":"44","author":"Jia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0100","article-title":"The relationship between inflammatory cytokines and in-hospital complications of acute pancreatitis","volume":"12","author":"Yao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunity, Inflammation Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31828a6cfc","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 levels early in severe acute pancreatitis: is there predictive value regarding severity and outcome?","volume":"47","author":"Surbatovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11040591","article-title":"The initial course of IL1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 with regard to severity grade in acute pancreatitis","volume":"11","author":"Sternby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/shk.0b013e3180487ba1","article-title":"Role of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 in acute pancreatitis: from biological basis to clinical evidence","volume":"28","author":"Malleo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtm.2016.09.001","article-title":"Clinical significance of dynamic detection for serum levels of MCP-1, TNF-\u03b1 and IL-8 in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J. Tropical Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.611","article-title":"Connections between genetics and clinical data: Role of MCP-1, CFTR, and SPINK-1 in the setting of acute, acute recurrent, and chronic pancreatitis","volume":"105","author":"Cavestro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Off. J. Am. College Gastroenterol.| ACG"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1159\/000114866","article-title":"Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, active carboxypeptidase B and CAPAP at hospital admission are predictive markers for severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"8","author":"Regn\u00e9r","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1159\/000161011","article-title":"Protease activation, pancreatic leakage, and inflammation in acute pancreatitis: differences between mild and severe cases and changes over the first three days","volume":"8","author":"Regn\u00e9r","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s005340200049","article-title":"Cytokine storm in acute pancreatitis","volume":"9","author":"Makhija","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1992.tb01826.x","article-title":"Interleukin-8 and neutrophil activation in acute pancreatitis","volume":"22","author":"Gross","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010338","article-title":"Multifactorial scores and biomarkers of prognosis of acute pancreatitis: applications to research and practice","volume":"21","author":"Silva-Vaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.4103\/ijccm.IJCCM_478_16","article-title":"Interleukin-6: An early predictive marker for severity of acute pancreatitis","volume":"21","author":"Rao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Crit. Care Med.: Peer-Review., Off. Publ. Indian Soc. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.6.832","article-title":"The potential role of procalcitonin and interleukin 8 in the prediction of infected necrosis in acute pancreatitis","volume":"41","author":"Rau","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.4103\/ijccm.IJCCM_478_16","article-title":"Interleukin-6: an early predictive marker for severity of acute pancreatitis,","volume":"21","author":"Rao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Crit. Care Med.: Peer-Review., Off. Publ. Indian Soc. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018814710291","article-title":"Serum interleukin-10 in human acute pancreatitis","volume":"42","author":"Pezzilli","year":"1997","journal-title":"Digestive Dis. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.45.6.895","article-title":"Serum interleukin 10 and interleukin 11 in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1080\/1354750X.2024.2415463","article-title":"Diagnostic value of CRP for predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2020.09.007","article-title":"Early laboratory biomarkers for severity in acute pancreatitis; A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"van den Berg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2022.10.1272","article-title":"What does the procalcitonin level tell us in patients with acute pancreatitis?","volume":"32","author":"Ebik","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. College Phys. Surgeons-Pakistan: JCPSP"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0195","first-page":"115","article-title":"Procalcitonin is a predictive marker for severe acute pancreatitis, Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery","volume":"12","author":"B\u00fclb\u00fcller","year":"2006","journal-title":"TJTES"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2009.02.013","article-title":"The value of procalcitonin at predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis and development of infected pancreatic necrosis: systematic review","volume":"146","author":"Mofidi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005525329939","article-title":"Serum amyloid A, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein in early assessment of severity of acute pancreatitis","volume":"45","author":"Pezzilli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Digestive Dis. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0210","first-page":"163","article-title":"Serum amyloid A is a better early predictor of severity than C-reactive protein in acute pancreatitis","volume":"89","author":"Mayer","year":"2002","journal-title":"British J. Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1097\/JP9.0000000000000145","article-title":"The role of predictive and prognostic values of inflammatory markers in acute pancreatitis: a narrative review","volume":"7","author":"Rafaqat","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pancreatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2002.002923","article-title":"Biochemical markers of acute pancreatitis","volume":"59","author":"Matull","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200601000-00014","article-title":"Accuracy of plasma levels of polymorphonuclear elastase as early prognostic marker of acute pancreatitis in routine clinical conditions","volume":"18","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-007-0004-5","article-title":"Predicting severity of acute pancreatitis","volume":"9","author":"Rau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1159\/000007809","article-title":"Local and systemic zymogen activation in human acute pancreatitis","volume":"62","author":"Mayer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520310000357","article-title":"Sequential changes in pancreatic markers in acute pancreatitis","volume":"38","author":"Lempinen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-200411000-00009","article-title":"Serum trypsinogen activation peptide in the assessment of the diagnosis and severity of acute pancreatic damage: a pilot study using a new determination technique","volume":"29","author":"Pezzilli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.3390\/life14091055","article-title":"Trypsin and trypsinogen activation peptide in the prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis","volume":"14","author":"Allemann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0255","first-page":"6","article-title":"Clinical usefulness of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as a biomarker of acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer","volume":"36","author":"Gluszek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Studies\/Studia Medyczne"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2016.57886","article-title":"Inflammatory mediators in the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis: pentraxin-3, procalcitonin and myeloperoxidase","volume":"14","author":"Simsek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18340","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-54910-8","article-title":"The role of CRP and Pentraxin 3 in the prediction of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and death in acute pancreatitis","volume":"9","author":"Staubli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientif. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520310005965","article-title":"Predictive value of complement activation fragments C3a and sC5b-9 for development of severe disease in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"38","author":"Gloor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scandinavian J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23205","article-title":"The early predictive role of complement C3 and C4 in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2016.12.005","article-title":"Endothelial markers are associated with pancreatic necrosis and overall prognosis in acute pancreatitis: a preliminary cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000001009","article-title":"E and P selectins as potential markers in the assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis","volume":"47","author":"Tsaroucha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-200303000-00010","article-title":"Serum profiles of E-selectin, interleukin-10, and interleukin-6 and oxidative stress parameters in patients with acute pancreatitis and nonpancreatic acute abdominal pain","volume":"26","author":"Wereszczynska-Siemiatkowska","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i20.2554","article-title":"Serum inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1 is an early marker of diagnosis and prediction of severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"18","author":"Zhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol.: WJG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0300","first-page":"70","article-title":"Non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis","volume":"538","author":"Mahini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunologic Gen. Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2024.117824","article-title":"Prostate cancer: novel genetic and immunologic biomarkers","volume":"555","author":"Samare-Najaf","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2008.282","article-title":"Characterization of microRNAs in serum: a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03338-2","article-title":"New challenges for microRNAs in acute pancreatitis: progress and treatment","volume":"20","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000447","article-title":"MicroRNAs in mesenteric lymph and plasma during acute pancreatitis","volume":"260","author":"Blenkiron","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00726","article-title":"Targeting MicroRNA function in acute pancreatitis","volume":"8","author":"Xiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29212","article-title":"MicroRNAs in acute pancreatitis: from pathogenesis to novel diagnosis and therapy","volume":"235","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0335","article-title":"Circulating blood miR-155 and miR-21 promote the development of acute pancreatitis and can be used to assess the risk stratification of pancreatitis","volume":"2021","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Healthc. Eng."},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0340","first-page":"2126","article-title":"Significance of microRNA 216a, 324\u20135p and 29a expression in peripheral blood in patients with acute pancreatitis and their correlation with liver injury","volume":"100","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhonghua yi xue za zhi"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006229","article-title":"A novel serum exosomal MicroRNA signature in the early prediction of persistent organ failure in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"282","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2015.05.475","article-title":"Serum levels of unique miR-551-5p and endothelial-specific miR-126a-5p allow discrimination of patients in the early phase of acute pancreatitis","volume":"15","author":"Ku\u015bnierz-Cabala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0355","first-page":"12770","article-title":"Circulating microRNA-146a and microRNA-146b exhibit potential to serve as markers for acute pancreatitis management and prognosis","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s41065-025-00466-9","article-title":"Diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-146b-5p in acute pancreatitis","volume":"162","author":"Liao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hereditas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7293459","article-title":"Elevated serum miR-7, miR-9, miR-122, and miR-141 are noninvasive biomarkers of acute pancreatitis","volume":"2017","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.2174\/1386207326666230202141348","article-title":"Evaluation of serum miR-216a, miR-216b, miR-217, miR-92b, miR-375 and miR-148a as potential biomarkers for acute pancreatitis and the role of miR-92b in attenuating caerulein-induced injury and inflammatory responses in AR42J cells","volume":"26","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0375","first-page":"3845","article-title":"Increased levels of miR-372 correlate with disease progression in patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis","volume":"19","author":"Shan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.12720","article-title":"Elevated level of miR-551b-5p is associated with inflammation and disease progression in patients with severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ther. Apheresis Dialysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2022.02.013","article-title":"Gastrointestinal disorder biomarkers","volume":"530","author":"Ranjbar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1257552","article-title":"Role of lncRNAs in acute pancreatitis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy","volume":"14","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23170","article-title":"Predictive value of long non-coding RNA intersectin 1-2 for occurrence and in-hospital mortality of severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.06.034","article-title":"The biogenesis, functions, and challenges of circular RNAs","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2016.03.002","article-title":"Circular RNA expression: its potential regulation and function","volume":"32","author":"Salzman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Gen.: TIG"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0410","article-title":"Elevated hsa_circRNA_101015, hsa_circRNA_101211, and hsa_circRNA_103470 in the human blood: novel biomarkers to early diagnose acute pancreatitis","volume":"2020","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000000115","article-title":"Gene expression profiling: identification of novel pathways and potential biomarkers in severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"234","author":"Nesvaderani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. College Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2025.70.1.3","article-title":"A critical evaluation of biochemical markers for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis","volume":"71","author":"Alshahrani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-Grand)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001471","article-title":"Retrospective study of patients with acute pancreatitis: is serum amylase still required?","volume":"2","author":"Gomez","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-013-0416-y","article-title":"Comparative study of serum amylase and lipase in acute pancreatitis patients","volume":"30","author":"Batra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J. Clin. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-199801000-00008","article-title":"A comparison of lipase and amylase in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in patients with abdominal pain","volume":"16","author":"Keim","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000403","article-title":"Different clinical presentations of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study","volume":"44","author":"Yin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.7196\/sajs.2003","article-title":"Serum lipase should be the laboratory test of choice for suspected acute pancreatitis","volume":"52","author":"Hofmeyr","year":"2014","journal-title":"South African J. Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S1499-3872(13)60056-9","article-title":"Urinary trypsinogen-2 for diagnosing acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Dis. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0455","article-title":"Serum amylase and lipase and urinary trypsinogen and amylase for diagnosis of acute pancreatitis","volume":"4","author":"Rompianesi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database System. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-024-03126-w","article-title":"Predictive value of adipokines for the severity of acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0465","first-page":"1533","article-title":"Changes of serum high mobility group box-1, heat shock protein 70, ghrelin and visfatin levels and its clinical significance in patients with severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"36","author":"Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Medica Mediterranea"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.23","article-title":"Elevated serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is an early predictor of severity and outcome in acute pancreatitis","volume":"105","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Off. J. Am. College Gastroenterol.| ACG"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12112","article-title":"Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: an early biomarker for predicting acute kidney injury and severity in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"3","author":"Siddappa","year":"2019","journal-title":"JGH Open: Open Access J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000282","article-title":"Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as an early predictor of disease severity and mortality in acute pancreatitis","volume":"44","author":"Lipinski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520986708","article-title":"Accuracy of angiopoietin-2 for predicting organ failure in patients with acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11061627","article-title":"Plasma osteopontin reflects tissue damage in acute pancreatitis","volume":"11","author":"Wirestam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000991","article-title":"Serum osteopontin is associated with organ failure in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"47","author":"Sw\u00e4rd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.17727\/JMSR.2024\/12-52","article-title":"D-dimer as a predictor of severity and outcome in acute pancreatitis","volume":"12","author":"Joseph","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Sci. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.4103\/ijabmr.ijabmr_483_23","article-title":"D-dimer as a marker of severity and prognosis in acute pancreatitis","volume":"14","author":"Newton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Basic Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9019","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.918311","article-title":"Plasma D-dimer level is an early predictor of severity of acute pancreatitis based on 2012 Atlanta classification","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monitor: Int. Med. J. Exp. Clin. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001471","article-title":"Retrospective study of patients with acute pancreatitis: is serum amylase still required?","volume":"2","author":"Gomez","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S1499-3872(13)60056-9","article-title":"Urinary trypsinogen-2 for diagnosing acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Dis. Int.: HBPD INT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0525","article-title":"Serum amylase and lipase and urinary trypsinogen and amylase for diagnosis of acute pancreatitis","volume":"4","author":"Rompianesi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database System. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555_b0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i1.107","article-title":"Usefulness of urinary trypsinogen-2 and trypsinogen activation peptide in acute pancreatitis: a multicenter study in Japan","volume":"25","author":"Yasuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."}],"container-title":["Clinica Chimica Acta"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009898125004346?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009898125004346?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T13:15:26Z","timestamp":1763039726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0009898125004346"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":106,"alternative-id":["S0009898125004346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-8981"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-8981","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Immunologic and genetic biomarkers in acute pancreatitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinica Chimica Acta","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120555","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120555"}}