{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T17:24:38Z","timestamp":1790529878060,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Critical Care Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,8]],"date-time":"2010-12-08T09:27:41Z","timestamp":1291800461000},"page":"107-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Optimizing Aminoglycoside Use"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"William A.","family":"Craig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.5.1127","article-title":"Monotherapy versus \u03b2-lactam-aminoglycoside combination treatment for gram-negative bacteremia: a prospective, observational study","volume":"41","author":"Leibovici","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7399.1111","article-title":"\u03b2-lactam monotherapy versus \u00df-lactam-aminoglycoside combination therapy for fever with neutropenia: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"326","author":"Paul","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38028.520995.63","article-title":"\u03b2-lactam monotherapy versus \u03b2-lactam-aminoglycoside combination therapy for treating sepsis","volume":"328","author":"Paul","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181eb3ccd","article-title":"Early combination antibiotic therapy yields improved survival compared with monotherapy in septic shock: a propensity-matched analysis","volume":"38","author":"Kumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib5","series-title":"Antibiotics in laboratory medicine","first-page":"296","article-title":"Postantibiotic effect","author":"Craig","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.4.691","article-title":"Hyperoxia prolongs the aminoglycoside-induced postantibiotic effect in Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"35","author":"Park","year":"1991","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"Suppl C","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/27.suppl_C.29","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics of amikacin in vitro and in mouse thigh and lung infections","volume":"27","author":"Craig","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.27.3.343","article-title":"Efficacy of intermittent versus continuous administration of netilmicin in a two-compartment in vitro model","volume":"27","author":"Blaser","year":"1985","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.7.1054","article-title":"Comparative study with enoxacin and netilmicin in a pharmacodynamic model to determine importance of ratio of antibiotic peak concentration to MIC for bactericidal activity and emergence of resistance","volume":"31","author":"Blaser","year":"1987","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/158.4.831","article-title":"Correlation of antimicrobial pharmacokinetic parameters with therapeutic efficacy in an animal model","volume":"158","author":"Vogelman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.4.1371-1375.2003","article-title":"MexXY-OprM efflux pump is necessary for a adaptive resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to aminoglycosides","volume":"47","author":"Hocquet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.4.823","article-title":"Adaptive resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced by aminoglycosides and killing kinetics in a rabbit endocarditis model","volume":"41","author":"Xiong","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/155.1.93","article-title":"Clinical response to aminoglycoside therapy: importance of the ratio of peak concentration to minimal inhibitory concentration","volume":"155","author":"Moore","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(01)80103-X","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of aztreonam and tobramycin in hospitalized patients","volume":"23","author":"Smith","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.011","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics of tobramycin in patients with cystic fibrosis","volume":"52","author":"Mouton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl328","article-title":"Once-daily tobramycin in cystic fibrosis: better for clinical outcomes than thrice-daily tobramycin but more resistance development","volume":"58","author":"Burkhardt","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.3.623","article-title":"Optimizing aminoglycoside therapy for nosocomial pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"43","author":"Kashuba","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/147.5.918","article-title":"Once-daily vs. continuous aminoglycoside dosing: efficacy and toxicity in animal and clinical studies of gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin","volume":"147","author":"Powell","year":"1983","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/17.suppl_A.7","article-title":"Novel approaches for the use of aminoglycosides: the value of experimental models","volume":"17","author":"Kapusnik","year":"1986","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/19.4.487","article-title":"Efficacy of different dosing schedules of tobramycin for treating murine Klebsiella pneumoniae bronchopneumonia","volume":"19","author":"Pechere","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1159\/000238477","article-title":"Influence of dosage interval on the therapeutic response to gentamicin in mice infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"33","author":"Querioz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib22","first-page":"47","article-title":"Once-daily versus multiple-daily dosing of aminoglycosides","volume":"7","author":"Craig","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2473","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.10.2473","article-title":"Use of pharmacodynamic indices to predict efficacy of combination therapy in vivo","volume":"43","author":"Mouton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/53.10.1141","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of once-daily aminoglycosides: a meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Ferriols-Lisart","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1996.tb03038.x","article-title":"Mega-analysis of meta-analysis: and examination of meta-analysis with an emphasis on once-daily aminoglycoside comparative trials","volume":"16","author":"Freeman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib26","first-page":"22","article-title":"Once-daily aminoglycosides: a meta-analysis of nonneutropenic and neutropenic adults","volume":"14","author":"Kale-Pradhan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharm Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00202170","article-title":"Aminoglycosides: single or multiple daily dosing? A meta-analysis on efficacy and safety","volume":"48","author":"Galloe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-8-199604150-00003","article-title":"Once-daily aminoglycoside dosing in immunocompetent adults: a meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Hatala","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/37.4.645","article-title":"A\u00a0meta-analysis of studies on the safety and efficacy of aminoglycosides given either once daily or as divided doses","volume":"37","author":"Munckhof","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7027.338","article-title":"Single or multiple daily doses of aminoglycosides: a meta-analysis","volume":"312","author":"Barza","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/24.5.796","article-title":"A\u00a0meta-analysis of the relative efficacy and toxicity of single daily dosing versus multiple daily dosing of aminoglycosides","volume":"24","author":"Ali","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/24.5.786","article-title":"A\u00a0meta-analysis of extended-interval dosing versus multiple daily dosing of aminoglycosides","volume":"24","author":"Bailey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200342050-00007","article-title":"Aminoglycoside dosages and nephrotoxicity: quantitative relationships","volume":"42","author":"Rougier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.7.1549","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of the effect of an aminoglycoside dosing regimen on rates of observed nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity","volume":"43","author":"Rybak","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2001.045006734.x","article-title":"Gentamicin dosing in critically ill patients","volume":"45","author":"Hansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Anesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1086\/520991","article-title":"Back to the future: using aminoglycosides again and how to dose them optimally","volume":"45","author":"Drusano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.5.1115","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin at traditional versus high doses: implications for once-daily aminoglycoside dosing","volume":"41","author":"Demczar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1981.tb135741.x","article-title":"Treatment of serious systemic infections with netilmicin in combination with other antibiotics","volume":"1","author":"Aroney","year":"1981","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/31.6.939","article-title":"Once- versus twice-daily amikacin regimen: efficacy and safety in systemic Gram-negative infections","volume":"31","author":"Maller","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0935-1","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of high-dose nebulized amikacin in mechanically ventilated healthy subjects","volume":"34","author":"Ehrmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/28.3.187","article-title":"Gentamicin and tobramycin binding to human serum in vitro","volume":"28","author":"Bailey","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.2.545","article-title":"Penetration of gentamicin into the alveolar lining fluid of critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"128","author":"Panidis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(99)70103-7","article-title":"Tobramycin penetration into epithelial lining fluid of patients with pneumonia","volume":"65","author":"Carcas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib44","first-page":"824","article-title":"Increased dosage requirements of gentamicin in burn patients","volume":"16","author":"Zaske","year":"1976","journal-title":"J\u00a0Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(20)30287-7","article-title":"Use of antimicrobial agents in renal failure","volume":"3","author":"Gilbert","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200746120-00003","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic considerations for antimicrobial therapy in patients receiving renal replacement therapy","volume":"46","author":"Pea","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.2.545","article-title":"Aminoglycoside dosing weight correction factors for patients of various body sizes","volume":"39","author":"Traynor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)91973-0","article-title":"Gentamicin persistence in the body","volume":"1","author":"Schentag","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F337","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2001.281.2.F337","article-title":"Role of megalin in renal handling of aminoglycosides","volume":"281","author":"Nagai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109959200","article-title":"Megalin deficiency offers protection from renal aminoglycoside accumulation","volume":"277","author":"Schmitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.3.665-675.2000","article-title":"Apoptosis in renal proximal tubules of rats treated with low doses of aminoglycosides","volume":"44","author":"El Mouedden","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.4.1213-1221.2006","article-title":"Gentamicin causes apoptosis at low concentrations in renal LLC-PK1 cells subjected to electroporation","volume":"50","author":"Servais","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)32958-7","article-title":"The renin-angiotensin system in aminoglycoside-induced acute renal failure","volume":"220","author":"Luft","year":"1982","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.4.605","article-title":"Single dose accumulation kinetics of tobramycin and netilmicin in normal volunteers","volume":"31","author":"Winslade","year":"1987","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2236","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01680-07","article-title":"Apoptosis induced by aminoglycosides in LCC-PK1 cells: comparative study of neomycin, gentamicin, amikacin, and isepamicin using electroporation","volume":"52","author":"Denamur","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/13.suppl_A.9","article-title":"Aminoglycoside toxicity\u2014a review of clinical studies published between 1975 and 1982","volume":"13","author":"Kahlmeter","year":"1984","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.1.173","article-title":"Incidence of and significant risk factors for aminoglycoside-associated nephrotoxicity in patients dosed by using individualized pharmacokinetic monitoring","volume":"167","author":"Bertino","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.30.1.96","article-title":"Comparative uptake of gentamicin, netilmicin, and amikacin in the guinea pig cochlea and vestibule","volume":"30","author":"Dulon","year":"1986","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/165.4.683","article-title":"Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity of aztreonam versus aminoglycoside therapy in seriously ill non-neutropenic patients","volume":"165","author":"Moore","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.6.797","article-title":"Aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss in humans","volume":"33","author":"Brummett","year":"1989","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.6.1070","article-title":"Evidence that amikacin ototoxicity is related to total perilymph area under the concentration-time curve regardless of concentration","volume":"35","author":"Beaubien","year":"1991","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08639.x","article-title":"Genetic factors in aminoglycoside toxicity","volume":"884","author":"Fischel-Ghodsian","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.05.208","article-title":"Mitochondrial 12S rRNA A827G mutation is involved in the genetic susceptibility to aminoglycoside ototoxicity","volume":"346","author":"Xing","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc053428","article-title":"Aspirin attenuates gentamicin-induced hearing loss","volume":"354","author":"Sha S-","year":"2006","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1971.03180200075022","article-title":"Neuromuscular blockade associated with gentamicin therapy","volume":"215","author":"Warner","year":"1971","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-84-1-55_1","article-title":"Gentamicin and neuromuscular blockade","volume":"84","author":"Holtzman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib67","first-page":"401","article-title":"Does once-daily dosing of aminoglycosides affect neuromuscular function?","volume":"21","author":"Wong","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9074","article-title":"Risk factors in critical illness myopathy during the early course of critical illness: a prospective observational study","volume":"14","author":"Weber-Carstens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/5.Supplement_2.S212","article-title":"In vitro antibacterial activity of the aminoglycoside antibiotics","volume":"5","author":"Moellering","year":"1983","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/16.5.555","article-title":"The comparative activity of aminocyclitol antibiotics against 773 aerobic Gram-negative rods and staphylococci isolated from hospitalized patients","volume":"16","author":"Guimaraes","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/8.suppl_A.89","article-title":"Epidemiological studies of aminoglycoside resistance in the USA","volume":"8","author":"Price","year":"1981","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1A","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90184-6","article-title":"Aminoglycoside resistance in Gram-negative bacilli during increased amikacin use","volume":"79","author":"Gerding","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548609032335","article-title":"In vitro aminoglycoside resistance of Gram-negative bacilli and staphylococci isolated from blood in Sweden 1980-1984","volume":"18","author":"Bengtsson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3590","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00115-10","article-title":"Influence of empiric therapy with a beta-lactam alone or combined with an aminoglycoside on prognosis of bacteremia due to gram-negative microorganisms","volume":"54","author":"Martinez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01365-09","article-title":"Empiric combination antibiotic therapy is associated with improved outcome against sepsis due to Gram-negative bacteria: a retrospective analysis","volume":"54","author":"Micek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1330-6","article-title":"Clinical implications of antibiotic-induced endotoxin release in septic shock","volume":"28","author":"Lepper","year":"2002","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2000.00025.x","article-title":"Endotoxin release from Escherichia coli after exposure to tobramycin; dose-dependency and reduction in cefuroxime-induced endotoxin release","volume":"6","author":"Sjolin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1080\/0036554021000026983","article-title":"Variation in the propensity to release endotoxin after cefuroxime exposure in different gram-negative bacteria: uniform and dose-dependent reduction by the addition of tobramycin","volume":"35","author":"Goscinski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02931467","article-title":"Antibiotic-induced release of inflammatory mediators from bacteria in experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced sepsis","volume":"50","author":"Toky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol (Praha)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1086\/597031","article-title":"Initial low-dose gentamicin for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis is nephrotoxic","volume":"48","author":"Cosgrove","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01232-08","article-title":"Continuous versus intermittent infusion of oxacillin for treatment of infectious endocarditis caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"53","author":"Hughes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/5.Supplement_1.S40","article-title":"Empiric therapy for pneumonia","volume":"5","author":"Donowitz","year":"1983","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01108-9","article-title":"Does combination intravenous antibiotic therapy reduce mortality in Gram-negative bacteremia? A meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Safdar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-008-0620-5","article-title":"Inhaled aminoglycosides in cancer patients with ventilator-associated Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia: safety and feasibility in the era of escalating drug resistance","volume":"28","author":"Ghannam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.29.9.1054","article-title":"Adjunctive aerosolized antibiotics for treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"29","author":"Czosnowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1089\/109629602762539544","article-title":"Aminoglycosides for intra-abdominal infection: equal to the challenge?","volume":"3","author":"Bailey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03240.x","article-title":"Meta-analysis: randomized controlled trials of clindamicin\/aminoglycoside vs. \u03b2-lactam monotherapy for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections","volume":"25","author":"Falagas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm193","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of aminoglycoside monotherapy: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"60","author":"Vidal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn469","article-title":"Aminoglycoside drugs in clinical practice: an evidence-based approach","volume":"63","author":"Leibovici","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"}],"container-title":["Critical Care Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S074907041000103X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S074907041000103X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T15:33:16Z","timestamp":1740756796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S074907041000103X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S074907041000103X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccc.2010.11.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-0704"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-0704","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}}}