{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:30:32Z","timestamp":1760315432659,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,24]],"date-time":"2009-02-24T11:43:11Z","timestamp":1235475791000},"page":"11-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pathogenesis and Prevention of Chronic Lung Disease in the Neonate"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Debbie Fraser","family":"Askin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Diehl-Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2006.05.004","article-title":"Pathology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"30","author":"Coalson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2006.05.009","article-title":"Pulmonary outcomes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"30","author":"Bhandari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196702162760701","article-title":"Pulmonary disease following respirator therapy of hyaline membrane disease: bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"276","author":"Northway","year":"1967","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5 part 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(79)80442-4","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: clinical presentation","volume":"95","author":"Bancalari","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2006.05.002","article-title":"Definitions and diagnostic criteria for bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"30","author":"Bancalari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.79.1.26","article-title":"Is chronic lung disease in low birth weight infants preventable? A survey of eight centers","volume":"79","author":"Avery","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.86.5.728","article-title":"Predicting risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia: selection criteria for clinical trials","volume":"86","author":"Sinkin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.82.4.527","article-title":"Abnormal pulmonary outcomes in premature infants: prediction from oxygen requirement in the neonatal period","volume":"82","author":"Shennan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70485-8","article-title":"Evaluation of criteria for chronic lung disease in surviving very low birthweight infants. Newborn Lung Project","volume":"132","author":"Palta","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.2011060","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"163","author":"Jobe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"author":"Jobe","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib11"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib12","series-title":"Avery's neonatology. Pathophysiology and management of the newborn","first-page":"578","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia","author":"Davis","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.6.1194","article-title":"Do clinical markers of barotrauma and oxygen toxicity explain interhospital variation in rates of chronic lung disease?","volume":"105","author":"Van Marter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0204","article-title":"Impact of a physiologic definition on bronchopulmonary dysplasia rates","volume":"114","author":"Walsh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211210","article-title":"Is the new definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia more useful?","volume":"25","author":"Sahni","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0249","article-title":"National Institutes of child health and human development neonatal research network. Validation of the National Institutes of Health consensus definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"116","author":"Ehrenkranz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e531","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.7-10-e531","article-title":"The new BPD","volume":"7","author":"Jobe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neoreviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.46","article-title":"Antenatal inflammation and lung injury: prenatal origin of neonatal disease","volume":"28","author":"Kramer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pernatol"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mod.2005.04.001","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor co-ordinates proper development of lung epithelium and vasculature","volume":"122","author":"Zhao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mech Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2000.279.3.L600","article-title":"Inhibition of angiogenesis decreases alveolarization the developing rat lung","volume":"279","author":"Jakkula","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L811","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00325.2001","article-title":"Angeogenic factors and alveolar vasculature: development and alterations by injury in very premature baboons","volume":"282","author":"Maniscalco","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.10.2101140","article-title":"Disrupted pulmonary vasculature and decreased vascular endothelial growth factor, Flt-1, and Tie-2 in human infants dying with bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"164","author":"Bhatt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.5.9806073","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor in human preterm lung","volume":"159","author":"Lassus","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.541524","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy increases survival, promotes lung angiogenesis, and prevents alveolar damage in hyperoxia-induced lung injury: evidence that angiogenesis participates in alveolarization","volume":"112","author":"Thebaud","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1089\/152308604771978444","article-title":"Potential role for antiangiogenic proteins in the evolution of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"6","author":"Quintos-Alagheband","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2004.05.003","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: new insights","volume":"31","author":"Ambavalam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.97.2.210","article-title":"Chorioamnionitis and early lung inflammation in infants in whom bronchopulmonary dysplasia develops","volume":"97","author":"Watterberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2004.00366.x","article-title":"Chorioamnitis\/funisitis and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"40","author":"Kent","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.06.083","article-title":"The Alabama Preterm Birth Study: polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell placental infiltrations, other markers of inflammation, and outcomes in 23- to 32-week preterm newborn infants","volume":"195","author":"Andrews","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000175641.39056.7A","article-title":"Decreased expression of angiogenic factors in placentas with chorioamnitis after preterm birth","volume":"58","author":"Kramer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70231-6","article-title":"Effects of antenatal endotoxin on the lungs of preterm lambs","volume":"182","author":"Jobe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200012000-00014","article-title":"Antenatal endotoxin and glucocorticoid effects on lung morphometry in preterm lambs","volume":"48","author":"Willet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L1178","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00049.2004","article-title":"Vascular changes after intra-amniotic endotoxin in preterm lamb lungs","volume":"287","author":"Kallipur","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L223","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00159.2006","article-title":"Antenatal inflammation induced TGF-{beta}1 but suppressed CTGF in preterm lungs","volume":"292","author":"Kunzman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2006.05.003","article-title":"Pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"30","author":"Chess","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.19.6.3248","article-title":"Expression and developmental profile of antioxidant enzymes in human lung and liver","volume":"19","author":"Asikainen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respirol Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950200306","article-title":"Glutathione metabolism in newborns: evidence for glutathione deficiency in plasma, broncheoalveolar lavage fluid and lymphocytes in prematures","volume":"20","author":"Jain","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.04.029","article-title":"In preterm neonates, the risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia influenced by the failure to protect total parenteral nutrition from exposure to ambient light?","volume":"151","author":"Chessex","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(02)00860-2","article-title":"Photoprotection prevents TPN-induced fibrosis in newborn guinea pigs","volume":"33","author":"Lavoie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib40","first-page":"242","article-title":"Limiting light-induced lipid peroxidation and vitamin los in infant parenteral nutrition by adding multivitamin preparations to intralipid","volume":"90","author":"Silvers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000158124.96300.c7","article-title":"Trends in preterm birth and perinatal mortality among singletons: United States, 1989 through 2000","volume":"105","author":"Ananth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004454.pub2","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth","volume":"3","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3283","article-title":"American academy of pediatrics committee on fetus and newborn. Surfactant-replacement therapy for respiratory distress in the preterm and term neonate","volume":"121","author":"Engle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e426","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.SE1.e426","article-title":"Evaluation and development of potentially better practices to prevent chronic lung disease and reduce lung injury in neonates","volume":"111","author":"Sharek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mop.0000158732.64293.1c","article-title":"Strategies for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"17","author":"Van Marter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000501","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in very low birthweight infants","author":"Darlow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.214","article-title":"A comparison of three vitamin A dosing regimens in extremely-low-birth-weight infants","volume":"142","author":"Ambalavanan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.3.469","article-title":"Pulmonary outcome at 1 year corrected age in premature infants treated at birth with recombinant human CuZn superoxide dismutase","volume":"111","author":"Davis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1067\/S0022-3476(03)00419-0","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine does not prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in immature infants:a randomized controlled trial","volume":"143","author":"Ahola","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.06.028","article-title":"Increased lung water and tissue damage in bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"145","author":"Adams","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-12940","article-title":"Changes in the pathogenesis and prevention of chronic lung disease of prematurity","volume":"18","author":"Bancalari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.06.039","article-title":"Neonatal Research Network. Association between fluid intake and weight loss during the first ten days of life and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"147","author":"Oh","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000503.pub2","article-title":"Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants","volume":"1","author":"Bell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib54","article-title":"Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Yost","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000510","article-title":"Prophylactic versus selective use of surfactant in preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants","volume":"2","author":"Soll","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib56","article-title":"Synthetic surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants","volume":"2","author":"Soll","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib57","article-title":"Prophylactic natural surfactant extract for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants","volume":"2","author":"Soll","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006069.pub2","article-title":"Protein containing synthetic surfactant versus animal derived surfactant extract for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Pfister","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199906)27:6<388::AID-PPUL5>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Early prediction of neonatal chronic lung disease: a comparison of three scoring methods","volume":"27","author":"Yoder","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(98)00045-0","article-title":"Mechanisms initiating lung injury in the preterm","volume":"53","author":"Jobe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib61","article-title":"Early surfactant administration with brief ventilation vs. selective surfactant and continued mechanical ventilation for preterm infants with or at risk for respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"4","author":"Stevens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.118201","article-title":"Lung injury in neonates: causes, strategies for prevention, and long-term consequences","volume":"139","author":"Clark","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib63","unstructured":"Patel DS, Greenough A. Does nasal CPAP reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)? Acta Paediatr; 2008 [epublished prior to print]. Available at: http:\/\/www3.interscience.wiley.com\/journal\/120835957\/abstract [accessed August 2 2008]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib64","first-page":"694","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Unresolved neonatal acute lung injury","volume":"132","author":"O'Brodovich","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199709000-00016","article-title":"Manual ventilation with a few large breaths at birth compromises the therapeutic effect of subsequent surfactant replacement in immature lambs","volume":"42","author":"Bjorklund","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib66","first-page":"577","article-title":"Lung overexpansion increases pulmonary microvascular protein permeability in young lambs","volume":"69","author":"Carlton","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib67","first-page":"2517","article-title":"Surfactant inhibition by plasma: gestational age and surfactant treatment effects in preterm lambs","volume":"81","author":"Ikegami","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200003000-00019","article-title":"Lung injury and surfactant metabolism after hyperventilation of premature lambs","volume":"47","author":"Ikegami","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib69","first-page":"1054","article-title":"Tidal volume effects on surfactant treatment responses with the initiation of ventilation in preterm lambs","volume":"83","author":"Wada","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F490","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.047712","article-title":"Comparison of three manual ventilation devices using an intubated mannequin","volume":"89","author":"Hussey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2007.00263.x","article-title":"Nasal CPAP has become an indispensable part of the primary treatment of newborns with respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"96","author":"Verder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F394","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.037010","article-title":"Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airways pressure in newborns 28\u201331 weeks gestation: multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"89","author":"Sandri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200209000-00014","article-title":"Decreased indicators of lung injury with continuous positive expiratory pressure in preterm lambs","volume":"52","author":"Jobe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200309-1276OC","article-title":"Treatment of immature baboons for 28 days with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure","volume":"169","author":"Thomson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.3.9804027","article-title":"Chronic lung injury in preterm lambs. Disordered respiratory tract development","volume":"159","author":"Albertine","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb18303.x","article-title":"Neonatal care of very-low-birth weight infants in special-care units and neonatal intensive-care units in Stockholm: early nasal continuous positive airway\u00a0pressure versus mechanical ventilation\u2014gains and losses","volume":"419","author":"Johansson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0114","article-title":"A randomised controlled trial of delivery room respiratory management in very preterm infants","volume":"120","author":"Te Pas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2004.00287.x","article-title":"Outcomes for infants weighing less than 1000 grams cared for with a nasal continuous positive airway pressure\u2013based strategy","volume":"40","author":"Meyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12603.x","article-title":"\u201cMinitouch\u201d treatment of very low-birth-weight infants","volume":"82","author":"Jacobsen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050620","article-title":"Early nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment reduces the need for intubation in very low birth weight infants","volume":"156","author":"Gittermann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072788","article-title":"Nasal CPAP or intubation at birth for very preterm infants","volume":"358","author":"Morley","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001243.pub2","article-title":"Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for preventing morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants","volume":"3","author":"Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211754","article-title":"Implementation of surfactant treatment during continuous positive airway pressure","volume":"27","author":"Bohlin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F398","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.092478","article-title":"Sustainable use of continuous positive airway pressure in extremely preterm infants during the first week after delivery","volume":"91","author":"Booth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.2.304","article-title":"Lung recruitment and breathing pattern during variable versus continuous flow nasal continuous positive airway pressure in premature infants: an evaluation of three devices","volume":"107","author":"Courtney","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.4.638","article-title":"Randomized trial of nasal synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation compared with continuous positive airway pressure after extubation of very low birth weight infants","volume":"107","author":"Barrington","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.01.032","article-title":"Nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure for respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized, controlled, prospective study","volume":"150","author":"Kugelman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib88","article-title":"Nasal continuous positive airways pressure immediately after extubation for preventing morbidity in preterm infants","volume":"2","author":"Davis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane\u00a0Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2006.05.006","article-title":"Ventilatory strategies in the prevention and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"30","author":"Ambalavanan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e3280895e12","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of permissive hypercapnia in the preterm infant","volume":"19","author":"Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(89)80345-2","article-title":"Risk factors for chronic lung disease in infants with birth weights of 751 to 1000 grams","volume":"115","author":"Kraybill","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1995.02170190027005","article-title":"Hypocarbia before surfactant therapy appears to increase bronchopulmonary dysplasia risk in infants with respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"149","author":"Garland","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00711.x","article-title":"The Danish national study in infants with extremely low gestational age and birthweight (the ETFOL study): respiratory morbidity and outcome","volume":"93","author":"Kamper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.127507","article-title":"Minimal ventilation to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely-low-birth-weight infants","volume":"141","author":"Carlo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib95","article-title":"Permissive hypercapnia for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants","author":"Woodgate","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib96","first-page":"543","article-title":"High frequency oscillation compared with standard ventilation in pulmonary injury model","volume":"52","author":"Thompson","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1983.127.5.585","article-title":"Effect of high frequency oscillation on gas exchange and pulmonary phospholipids in experimental hyaline membrane disease","volume":"127","author":"Truog","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib98","first-page":"131","article-title":"Comparison of conventional and high-frequency ventilation: oxygenation and lung pathology","volume":"55","author":"Hamilton","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198409000-00017","article-title":"High-frequency ventilation compared to conventional positive-pressure ventilation in the treatment of hyaline membrane disease","volume":"12","author":"Bell","year":"1984","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198406000-00009","article-title":"Pulmonary interstitial emphysema in the premature baboon with hyaline membrane disease","volume":"12","author":"Ackerman","year":"1984","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950070109","article-title":"Comparison of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and high-frequency jet ventilation in cats with normal lungs","volume":"7","author":"Boros","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198706000-00018","article-title":"Ventilatory management of infant baboons with hyaline membrane disease: the use of high frequency ventilation","volume":"21","author":"DeLemos","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib103","first-page":"2150","article-title":"Role of lung injury in the pathogenesis of hyaline membrane disease in premature baboons","volume":"66","author":"Meredith","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib104","series-title":"Intensive care of the fetus and neonate","first-page":"671","article-title":"High-frequency oscillatory ventilation","author":"Cotton","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2006.12.004","article-title":"The role of high-frequency ventilation in neonates: evidence-based recommendations","volume":"34","author":"Lampland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2987","article-title":"Bench-to-bedside review: ventilator strategies to reduce lung injury \u2013 lessons from pediatric and neonatal intensive care","volume":"9","author":"Vitali","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012750","article-title":"High frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional mechanical ventilation for very-low-birth-weight infants","volume":"347","author":"Courtney","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020432","article-title":"High frequency oscillatory ventilation for the prevention of chronic lung disease of prematurity","volume":"347","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J\u00a0Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000256724.70601.3A","article-title":"Lung-protective ventilation strategies in neonatology: what do we know\u2013what do we need to know?","volume":"35","author":"Van Kaam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000104","article-title":"Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants","author":"Henderson-Smart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.89.1.5","article-title":"Prospective randomized comparison of high-frequency oscillatory and conventional ventilation in respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"89","author":"Clark","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6 part 6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.6.1044","article-title":"The Provo multicenter early high-frequency oscillatory ventilation trial: improved pulmonary and clinical outcome in respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"98","author":"Gerstmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000104.pub2","article-title":"Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants","author":"Henderson-Smart","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.5.e6","article-title":"Elective high-frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation in preterm infants with pulmonary dysfunction: systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"100","author":"Bhuta","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000437.pub2","article-title":"Rescue high frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation for severe pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants","volume":"1","author":"Joshi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.4.593","article-title":"Multicenter controlled clinical trial of high frequency jet ventilation in preterm infants with uncomplicated respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"4","author":"Keszler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e234","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.7-5-e234","article-title":"High frequency ventilation: evidence-based practice and specific clinical indications","volume":"7","author":"Keszler","year":"2006","journal-title":"NeoReviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70354-2","article-title":"Randomized multicenter trial comparing synchronized and conventional intermittent mandatory ventilation in neonates","volume":"128","author":"Bernstein","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02072516","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of weaning by patient triggered ventilation or conventional ventilation","volume":"152","author":"Chan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.1997.tb03644.x","article-title":"Comparison of synchronized and conventional intermittent mandatory ventilation in neonates","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Jpn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib121","first-page":"90","article-title":"Flow-synchronized ventilation of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Donn","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F5","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.82.1.F5","article-title":"International randomised controlled trial of patient triggered ventilation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"82","author":"Baumer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F14","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.82.1.F14","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of patient triggered and conventional\u00a0fast rate ventilation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"82","author":"Beresford","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F508","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.108852","article-title":"New modes of mechanical ventilation in the preterm newborn: evidence of benefit","volume":"92","author":"Claure","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000456.pub3","article-title":"Synchronized mechanical ventilation for respiratory support in newborn infants","volume":"1","author":"Greenough","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.5.8173774","article-title":"Tidal ventilation at low airway pressures can augment lung injury","volume":"149","author":"Muscedere","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.1.9604014","article-title":"Ventilator-induced lung injury: lessons from experimental studies","volume":"157","author":"Dreyfuss","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.3.2010127","article-title":"Effects of ventilation with different positive end-expiratory pressures on cytokine expression in the preterm lamb lung","volume":"164","author":"Naik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0899588508000713?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0899588508000713?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T11:24:37Z","timestamp":1760268277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0899588508000713"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":128,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0899588508000713"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-5885"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0899-5885"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pathogenesis and Prevention of Chronic Lung Disease in the Neonate","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2008.09.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}