{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:07:23Z","timestamp":1788822443804,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]],"date-time":"2010-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288569600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiology Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,11]],"date-time":"2010-10-11T15:00:11Z","timestamp":1286809211000},"page":"639-654","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Resistant Hypertension, Secondary Hypertension, and Hypertensive Crises: Diagnostic Evaluation and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Maria Czarina","family":"Acelajado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Calhoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib1","series-title":"Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.113357","article-title":"Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates in United States adults between 1988-1994 and 1999-2004","volume":"52","author":"Cutler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.15.1882","article-title":"Primary prevention of hypertension: clinical and public health advisory from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program","volume":"288","author":"Whelton","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-9-200311040-00011","article-title":"Pathogenesis of hypertension","volume":"139","author":"Oparil","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2776","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000031805.09178.37","article-title":"Blood pressure and decline in kidney function: findings from the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP)","volume":"13","author":"Young","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.8.923","article-title":"Elevated blood pressure and risk of end-stage renal disease in subjects without baseline kidney disease","volume":"165","author":"Hsu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191261","article-title":"American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2009 Update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee","volume":"119","author":"Lloyd-Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000177","article-title":"Hypertension in renal parenchymal disease: why is it so resistant to treatment?","volume":"69","author":"Campese","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib9","first-page":"161","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and associated risk factors: United States, 1999\u20132004","volume":"56","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib10","first-page":"S1","article-title":"K\/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification and stratification","volume":"39","author":"National Kidney Foundation","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib11","first-page":"S1","article-title":"K\/DOQI clinical practice guidelines on hypertension and antihypertensive agents in chronic kidney disease","volume":"43","author":"National Kidney Foundation","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000129307.26791.8E","article-title":"Impaired endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in hypertensive subjects with hyperaldosteronism","volume":"109","author":"Nishizaka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib13","first-page":"41","article-title":"Identification and role of aldosterone receptors in the cardiovascular system","volume":"61","author":"Lombes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070123","article-title":"Aldosterone and end-organ damage","volume":"113","author":"Marney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib15","first-page":"394","article-title":"The aldosterone\/renin ratio as a screening test for primary aldosteronism","volume":"90","author":"Rayner","year":"2000","journal-title":"S\u00a0Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3266","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0104","article-title":"Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"93","author":"Funder","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.01.002","article-title":"Validity of plasma aldosterone to renin activity ratio in African American and white subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"18","author":"Nishizaka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000040261.30455.B6","article-title":"High prevalence of primary aldosteronism among black and white subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"40","author":"Calhoun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib19","first-page":"17","article-title":"Normokalemic hyperaldosteronism in patients with resistant hypertension","volume":"4","author":"Benchetrit","year":"2002","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.72.12.1135","article-title":"Renovascular hypertension: balancing the controversies in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"72","author":"Garovic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.14.1829","article-title":"Sleep Heart Health Study. Association of sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and hypertension in a large community-based study","volume":"283","author":"Nieto","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31819c47b6","article-title":"A\u00a0meta-analysis of clinical screening tests for obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"110","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.8.757","article-title":"The impact of continuous positive airway pressure on blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"167","author":"Haentjens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0125","article-title":"The diagnosis of Cushing\u2019s syndrome: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"93","author":"Nieman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1073156","article-title":"Current progress and future challenges in the biochemical diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas","volume":"40","author":"Eisenhofer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.189141","article-title":"Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research","volume":"51","author":"Calhoun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2981","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.23.2981","article-title":"ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs. diuretic","volume":"288","author":"Furberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2004.11.021","article-title":"Resistant hypertension revisited: a comparison of two university-based cohorts","volume":"18","author":"Garg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1002285","article-title":"Characteristics of the patients referred to a Hypertension Unit between 1989 and 2003","volume":"22","author":"Leotta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.05.014","article-title":"Cardiovascular outcome in treated hypertensive patients with responder, masked, false resistant and true resistant hypertension","volume":"18","author":"Pierdomenico","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1097\/00126097-200310000-00001","article-title":"Twenty four hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring pattern of resistant hypertension","volume":"8","author":"Muxfeldt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood Press Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1081\/CEH-100102660","article-title":"Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and clinical characteristics of the true and white-coat resistant hypertension","volume":"23","author":"Veglio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Exp Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.68","article-title":"Prognostic value of nocturnal blood pressure reduction in resistant hypertension","volume":"169","author":"Muxfeldt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.32.6.983","article-title":"Ambulatory pulse pressure. A potent predictor of total cardiovascular risk in hypertension","volume":"32","author":"Verdecchia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(93)90128-V","article-title":"Influence of heart rate on mortality among patients with hypertension: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"125","author":"Gillman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01215.x","article-title":"Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in older US adults: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998-2004","volume":"55","author":"Ostchega","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.19.2560","article-title":"The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: The JNC 7 report","volume":"289","author":"Chobanian","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.36.4.594","article-title":"Differential control of systolic and diastolic blood pressure: factors associated with lack of blood pressure control in the community","volume":"36","author":"Lloyd-Jones","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000035855.44620.DA","article-title":"Treatment and control of hypertension in the community: a prospective analysis","volume":"40","author":"Lloyd-Jones","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-1442","article-title":"Plasma aldosterone is related to severity of obstructive sleep apnea in subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"131","author":"Pratt-Ubunama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200112000-00022","article-title":"High prevalence of unrecognized sleep apnoea in drug-resistant hypertension","volume":"19","author":"Logan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1170","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and resistant hypertension. A case control study","volume":"132","author":"Goncalves","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(01)80117-7","article-title":"Screening for primary aldosteronism without discontinuing hypertensive medications: plasma aldosterone-renin ratio","volume":"37","author":"Gallay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200411000-00026","article-title":"Low-renin status in therapy-resistant hypertension: a clue to efficient treatment","volume":"22","author":"Eide","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001554","article-title":"Prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism in moderate to severe hypertension in the Central Europe region","volume":"17","author":"\u0160trauch","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.1.112","article-title":"Aldosterone excretion among subjects with resistant hypertension and symptoms of sleep apnea","volume":"125","author":"Calhoun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib47","author":"Saelen","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.11.1159","article-title":"Characterization of resistant hypertension. Association between resistant hypertension, aldosterone, and persistent intravascular volume expansion","volume":"168","author":"Gaddam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.06.031","article-title":"Aldosterone and refractory hypertension: a prospective cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Sartori","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3282a9be30","article-title":"Aldosterone excess and resistance to 24 hour blood pressure control","volume":"25","author":"Pimenta","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8651(01)00009-1","article-title":"Principles and techniques of blood pressure measurement","volume":"20","author":"Pickering","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib52","first-page":"41","article-title":"Effect of initial drug choice on persistence with antihypertensive therapy: the importance of actual practice data","volume":"160","author":"Caro","year":"1999","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-6175.2006.04872.x","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of the effects of home blood pressure monitoring on medication adherence","volume":"8","author":"Ogedegbe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199412000-00004","article-title":"Effectiveness and costs of veterans affairs hyper-tension clinics","volume":"32","author":"Stason","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200305002-00007","article-title":"Monitoring compliance in resistant hypertension: an important step in patient management","volume":"31","author":"Burnier","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp060547","article-title":"Effect of pharmaceutical care on blood pressure and health related quality of life in patients with resistant hypertension","volume":"64","author":"De Souza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2008.04.002","article-title":"When and how to use self (home) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring","volume":"2","author":"Pickering","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.09.009","article-title":"Office blood pressure and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurements: high proportion of disagreement in resistant hypertension","volume":"62","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2008.07758.x","article-title":"Secondary hypertension: interfering substances","volume":"10","author":"Grossman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.3.483","article-title":"Prospective study of oral contraceptives and hypertension among women in the United States","volume":"94","author":"Chasan-Taber","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18D","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)02233-6","article-title":"Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy on blood pressure and peripheral edema","volume":"89","author":"Frishman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib62","first-page":"119","article-title":"Assessing the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on anti-hypertensive drug therapy using post-marketing surveillance database","volume":"18","author":"Ishiguro","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(00)00231-4","article-title":"Effects of low-dose aspirin on clinic and ambulatory blood pressure in treated hypertensive patients","volume":"13","author":"Avancini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-12-200112180-00005","article-title":"DASH-Sodium Trial Collaborative Research Group. Effects of diet and sodium intake on blood pressure: subgroup analysis of the DASH-sodium trial","volume":"135","author":"Vollmer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001459","article-title":"Effect of modest salt reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Implications for public health","volume":"16","author":"He","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39147.604896.55","article-title":"Long term effects of dietary sodium reduction on cardiovascular disease outcomes: observational follow-up of the trials of hypertension prevention (TOHP)","volume":"334","author":"Cook","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.131235","article-title":"Effects of dietary sodium reduction on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension: results from a randomized trial","volume":"54","author":"Pimenta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000016176.16042.2F","article-title":"Resistant hypertension. Comparing hemodynamic management to specialist care","volume":"39","author":"Taler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92205-8","article-title":"Long-term use of thiazide diuretics and risk of hip fracture","volume":"1","author":"Ray","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6764.1303","article-title":"Effects of thiazides on rates of bone mineral loss: a longitudinal study","volume":"310","author":"Wanich","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000203309.07140.d3","article-title":"Comparative antihypertensive effects of hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone on ambulatory and office blood pressure","volume":"47","author":"Ernst","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.82.5.1616","article-title":"Mortality after 10 \u00bd years for hypertensive participants in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial","volume":"82","author":"Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group","year":"1990","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(01)02342-1","article-title":"The role of spironolactone in the treatment of patients with refractory hypertension","volume":"15","author":"Ouzan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67185-1","volume":"366","author":"Dahlof","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000259805.18468.8c","article-title":"Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"49","author":"Chapman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(03)01032-X","article-title":"Efficacy of low-dose spironolactone in subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"16","author":"Nishizaka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00756.x","article-title":"Beneficial impact of spironolactone in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"68","author":"Schjoedt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.03.007","article-title":"Antagonists of aldosterone and proteinuria in patients with CKD: an uncontrolled study","volume":"46","author":"Bianchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.737957","article-title":"on behalf of the ASCOT investigators. Effect of doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system as third-line antihypertensive therapy on blood pressure and lipids in the\u00a0Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial","volume":"118","author":"Chapman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib80","author":"Ceral","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32809c2cc9","article-title":"Usefulness of the vasodilator minoxidil in resistant hypertension [research letter]","volume":"25","author":"Black","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1990.210","article-title":"Combined alpha\/beta blockade versus beta 1-selective blockade in essential hypertension in black and white patients","volume":"48","author":"Townsend","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0b013e3282f01e4b","article-title":"Baroreflex stimulation in the treatment of hypertension","volume":"16","author":"Filippone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2006.08.024","article-title":"An implantable carotid sinus stimulator for drug-resistant hypertension: surgical technique and short-term outcome from the multicenter Phase II Rheos feasibility trial","volume":"44","author":"Illig","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60566-3","article-title":"Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension: a multicentre safety and proof-of-principle cohort study","volume":"373","author":"Krum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003653.pub3","article-title":"Pharmacological interventions for hypertensive emergencies","volume":"1","author":"Perez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2008.25","article-title":"Pharmacological interventions for hypertensive emergencies: a Cochrane systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Perez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hum Hypertens"}],"container-title":["Cardiology Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733865110000822?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733865110000822?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T17:14:40Z","timestamp":1636650880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0733865110000822"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0733865110000822"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.07.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8651"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8651","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]}}}