{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T00:03:33Z","timestamp":1759536213379,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005646","name":"Actelion Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005646","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Chest Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,17]],"date-time":"2018-08-17T08:23:56Z","timestamp":1534494236000},"page":"515-524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Venous Thromboembolism in Special Populations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Quyen","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Belinda N.","family":"Rivera-Lebron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib1","unstructured":"Blood clots: a serious but preventable medical condition. 2016. Available at: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/dvt\/documents\/blood-clots-fact-sheet.pdf. Accessed May 6, 2016."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1613830","article-title":"Derivation of a simple clinical model to categorize patients probability of pulmonary embolism: increasing the models utility with the SimpliRED D-dimer","volume":"83","author":"Wells","year":"2000","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2506009","article-title":"Does guideline adherence for empiric antibiotic therapy reduce mortality in community-acquired pneumonia?","volume":"172","author":"Aujesky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-144-3-200602070-00004","article-title":"Prediction of pulmonary embolism in the emergency department: the revised Geneva score","volume":"144","author":"Le Gal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.199","article-title":"Simplification of the pulmonary embolism severity index for prognostication in patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism","volume":"170","author":"Jimenez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200506-862OC","article-title":"Derivation and validation of a prognostic model for pulmonary embolism","volume":"172","author":"Aujesky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.958397","article-title":"Long-term cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality of 1023 patients with confirmed acute pulmonary embolism","volume":"4","author":"Ng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib8","article-title":"Long-term effects of unprovoked venous thromboembolism on mortality and major cardiovascular events","volume":"6","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000140263.20897.42","article-title":"Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"110","author":"Lloyd-Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi825","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study","volume":"27","author":"Heeringa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-307550","article-title":"Atrial flutter and thromboembolic risk: a systematic review","volume":"101","author":"Vadmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3033","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu283","article-title":"2014 ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism","volume":"35","author":"Konstantinides","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"9658","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60040-4","article-title":"Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow's triad revisited","volume":"373","author":"Watson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib14","first-page":"e257","volume":"114","author":"Fuster","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2012-202089","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation in acute pulmonary embolism: prognostic considerations","volume":"31","author":"Barra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1159\/000273082","article-title":"Is atrial fibrillation a prognosticator in acute pulmonary thromboembolism?","volume":"19","author":"Koracevic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5049802","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5049802","article-title":"Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the course of acute pulmonary embolism: clinical significance and impact on prognosis","volume":"2017","author":"Krajewska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib18","first-page":"1181","article-title":"When atrial fibrillation occurs with pulmonary embolism, is it the chicken or the egg?","volume":"160","author":"Flegel","year":"1999","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib19","first-page":"246","article-title":"Pulmonary thromboembolism in 102 consecutive patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. Diagnostic value of echocardiography","volume":"65","author":"Piszko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kardiol Pol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.12762","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation and future risk of venous thromboembolism:the Tromso study","volume":"13","author":"Enga","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.2012.0115","article-title":"The influence of acute pulmonary embolism on early and delayed prognosis for patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"19","author":"Gromadzinski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.07.046","article-title":"Heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function; epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis","volume":"43","author":"Hogg","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-610","article-title":"Prognostic implications of diastolic dysfunction in patients with acute pulmonary embolism","volume":"7","author":"Cho","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1201534","article-title":"Measuring the global burden of disease","volume":"369","author":"Murray","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2005.041822","article-title":"COPD exacerbations. 2: aetiology","volume":"61","author":"Sapey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.4.8887592","article-title":"Outcomes following acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive lung disease. The SUPPORT investigators (Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments)","volume":"154","author":"Connors","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.73.4.460","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism in respiratory failure","volume":"73","author":"Neuhaus","year":"1978","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1516","article-title":"Prevalence of pulmonary embolism in acute exacerbations of COPD: a systematic review and metaanalysis","volume":"135","author":"Rizkallah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-144-6-200603210-00005","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism in patients with unexplained exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"144","author":"Tillie-Leblond","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-014-1280-7","article-title":"The prevalence of pulmonary embolism among patients suffering from acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"22","author":"Shapira-Rootman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.07.034","article-title":"Prevalence and localization of pulmonary embolism in unexplained acute exacerbations of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"151","author":"Aleva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.122","article-title":"Use of glucocorticoids and risk of venous thromboembolism: a nationwide population-based case-control study","volume":"173","author":"Johannesdottir","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00120909","article-title":"Venous thromboemboli and exacerbations of COPD","volume":"35","author":"Gunen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib34","first-page":"38","article-title":"Incidence of pulmonary embolism during COPD exacerbation","volume":"40","author":"Akpinar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bras Pneumol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.11.026","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report","volume":"149","author":"Kearon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00058811","article-title":"Clinical presentation and outcome of venous thromboembolism in COPD","volume":"39","author":"Bertoletti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-14-75","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism and 3-month outcomes in 4036 patients with venous thromboembolism and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: data from the RIETE registry","volume":"14","author":"Bertoletti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib38","unstructured":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. 2016. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/liver-disease.htm. Accessed November 6, 2017."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00351.x","article-title":"Natural anticoagulants and the liver","volume":"12","author":"Castelino","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-8329(97)00082-7","article-title":"Coagulation inhibitors in alcoholic liver cirrhosis","volume":"15","author":"Raya-Sanchez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1582-5","article-title":"Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis: a nationwide analysis","volume":"56","author":"Ali","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00588.x","article-title":"Coagulopathy does not fully protect hospitalized cirrhosis patients from peripheral venous thromboembolism","volume":"101","author":"Northup","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-2177","article-title":"Coagulopathy does not protect against venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"137","author":"Dabbagh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2008.34","article-title":"Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with\u00a0liver disease: a nationwide population-based case-control study","volume":"104","author":"Sogaard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-4012-2","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants in cirrhosis patients pose similar risks of bleeding when compared to traditional anticoagulation","volume":"61","author":"Intagliata","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2017.03.026","article-title":"Emerging therapeutic uses of direct-acting oral anticoagulants: an evidence-based perspective","volume":"120","author":"Raschi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00250112","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism in patients with CKD and ESRD","volume":"7","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.04.028","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism in patients with renal insufficiency: findings from the RIETE registry","volume":"119","author":"Monreal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-139X.2003.16048.x","article-title":"Thrombosis in end-stage renal disease","volume":"16","author":"Casserly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32832ee371","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and venous thromboembolism: epidemiology and\u00a0mechanisms","volume":"15","author":"Wattanakit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.32774","article-title":"Chronic dialysis patients have high risk for pulmonary embolism","volume":"39","author":"Tveit","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007030308","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease increases risk for venous thromboembolism","volume":"19","author":"Wattanakit","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3296","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq179","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and venous thromboembolism: a prospective study","volume":"25","author":"Folsom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-02-0107","article-title":"Deep vein thrombosis in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"99","author":"Daneschvar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2017.08.011","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism and vascular access thrombosis in patients with end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis: cross-sectional results of the Vienna InVestigation of AtriaL fibrillation and thromboembolism in patients on hemoDIalysis (VIVALDI)","volume":"158","author":"Konigsbrugge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2013.12.003","article-title":"D-dimer to rule out pulmonary embolism in renal insufficiency","volume":"127","author":"Lindner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.20.9.771.35210","article-title":"Enoxaparin and bleeding complications: a review in patients with and without renal insufficiency","volume":"20","author":"Gerlach","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(03)00121-2","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of unfractionated heparin versus enoxaparin in patients who are obese and patients with severe renal impairment: analysis from the ESSENCE and TIMI 11B studies","volume":"146","author":"Spinler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.3.856","article-title":"Anticoagulation in hospitalized patients with renal insufficiency: a comparison of bleeding rates with unfractionated heparin vs enoxaparin","volume":"125","author":"Thorevska","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2003.11.012","article-title":"Serious adverse incidents with the usage of low molecular weight heparins in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"43","author":"Farooq","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-017-1545-6","article-title":"Evaluating safety of thrombolysis in chronic kidney disease patients presenting with pulmonary embolism using propensity score matching","volume":"44","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfi004","article-title":"The heparins: all a nephrologist should know","volume":"20","author":"Hetzel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-144-9-200605020-00011","article-title":"Meta-analysis: low-molecular-weight heparin and bleeding in patients with severe renal insufficiency","volume":"144","author":"Lim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.09.021","article-title":"Low-molecular-weight or unfractionated heparin in venous thromboembolism: the influence of renal function","volume":"126","author":"Trujillo-Santos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-017-1753-2","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and anticoagulation: from vitamin K antagonists and heparins to direct oral anticoagulant agents","volume":"12","author":"Sciascia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000098","article-title":"Comparison of novel oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"24","author":"Harel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2342","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0906598","article-title":"Dabigatran versus warfarin in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism","volume":"361","author":"Schulman","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007903","article-title":"Oral rivaroxaban for symptomatic venous thromboembolism","volume":"363","author":"Investigators","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1302507","article-title":"Oral apixaban for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism","volume":"369","author":"Agnelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306638","article-title":"Edoxaban versus warfarin for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism","volume":"369","author":"Hokusai","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2861","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-04-210112","article-title":"Vascular complications after splenectomy for hematologic disorders","volume":"114","author":"Crary","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000151794.28392.a6","article-title":"High incidence of thrombosis of the portal venous system after laparoscopic splenectomy: a prospective study with contrast-enhanced CT scan","volume":"241","author":"Ikeda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800760528","article-title":"Incidence of septic and thromboembolic-related deaths after splenectomy in adults","volume":"76","author":"Pimpl","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-008-0600-1","article-title":"Postoperative venous thromboembolism rates vary significantly after different types of major abdominal operations","volume":"12","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.092460","article-title":"Long-term risks after splenectomy among 8,149 cancer-free American veterans: a cohort study with up to 27 years follow-up","volume":"99","author":"Kristinsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1160\/TH06-05-0267","article-title":"Prevalence of thromboembolic events among 8,860 patients with thalassaemia major and intermedia in the Mediterranean area and Iran","volume":"96","author":"Taher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1345.039","article-title":"Coagulation and splenectomy: an overview","volume":"1054","author":"Cappellini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib78","first-page":"291","article-title":"Fatal venous thromboembolism after splenectomy: pathogenesis and management","volume":"112","author":"Ha","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1966.tb00125.x","article-title":"Persistent post-splenectomy thrombocytosis and thrombo-embolism: a consequence of continuing anaemia","volume":"12","author":"Hirsh","year":"1966","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.06.009","article-title":"Thrombocytosis in asplenia syndrome with congenital heart disease: a previously unrecognized risk factor for thromboembolism","volume":"167","author":"Yamamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1978.01370190030004","article-title":"Thromboembolic risk of postsplenectomy thrombocytosis","volume":"113","author":"Boxer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06740.x","article-title":"Beta-thalassaemia and sickle cell anaemia as paradigms of hypercoagulability","volume":"139","author":"Ataga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830440114","article-title":"Phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet of red blood cells from beta-thalassemia patients may explain the chronic hypercoagulable state and thrombotic episodes","volume":"44","author":"Borenstain-Ben Yashar","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2007.1.74","article-title":"Coagulation in the pathophysiology of hemolytic anemias","author":"Cappellini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2007.12.022","article-title":"Increased procoagulant cell-derived microparticles (C-MP) in splenectomized patients with ITP","volume":"122","author":"Fontana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07155.x","article-title":"Microvesicles in haemoglobinopathies offer insights into mechanisms of hypercoagulability, haemolysis and the effects of therapy","volume":"142","author":"Westerman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.12460","article-title":"Elevated levels of circulating procoagulant microparticles in patients with beta-thalassemia intermedia","volume":"93","author":"Habib","year":"2008","journal-title":"Haematologica"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Chest Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272523118300534?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272523118300534?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:55:49Z","timestamp":1759452949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0272523118300534"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0272523118300534"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-5231"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0272-5231"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Venous Thromboembolism in Special Populations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Chest Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccm.2018.04.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}