{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T10:03:02Z","timestamp":1770458582508,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contemporary Clinical Trials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,7]],"date-time":"2021-03-07T09:20:19Z","timestamp":1615108819000},"page":"106346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Continuous infusion versus intermittent administration of meropenem in critically ill patients (MERCY): A multicenter randomized double-blind trial. Rationale and design"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Monti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Galbiati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Toffoletto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Calabr\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Giardina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosalba","family":"Lembo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Marzaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Moizo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Mucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Pasculli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina Paola","family":"Plumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Mara","family":"Scandroglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Tozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Momesso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Boffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosetta","family":"Lobreglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Montrucchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Guarracino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Benedetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Biondi-Zoccai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"D'Ascenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natascia","family":"D'Andrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Paternoster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Ananiadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Ballestra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"De Sio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Pota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Cotoia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Della Selva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Bruni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Iapichino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Bradi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Corradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Gemma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Nogtev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Petrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felice Eugenio","family":"Agr\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Cabrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Forfori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valery","family":"Likhvantsev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Bove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Finco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Landoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Zangrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Ajello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto Maria","family":"Cappelletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evgeny","family":"Fominskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco Giuseppe","family":"Nisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Pazzanese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Pieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Canavosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Palmesino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mara","family":"Bernasconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Gallioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Vetrugno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Millin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Missio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Gallicchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Azzali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Bozzetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Cristadoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romina","family":"Perone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonarda Pia","family":"Cantatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianna","family":"Curci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid Marcela","family":"Pabon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Garofalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Mainetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Italo","family":"Calamai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Maraggia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Mattei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Yavorovskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0005","series-title":"National and State Associated Infections Progress Report","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0010","unstructured":"\u201cPoint prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals\u201d, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/en\/publications\/Publications\/healthcare-associated-infections-antimicrobial-use-PPS.pdf, (accessed 17.01.21)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0015","first-page":"2007","article-title":"Estimating health care-associated infections and deaths in U.S. Hospitals","author":"Klevens","year":"2002","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00051-05","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention","volume":"19","author":"Koenig","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0904124","article-title":"Hospital-acquired infections due to gram-negative bacteria","volume":"362","author":"Peleg","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0030","author":"European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200059030-00016","article-title":"Meropenem: A review of its use in patients in intensive care","volume":"59","author":"Hurst","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.12163","article-title":"Effect of piperacillin-tazobactam vs meropenem on 30-day mortality for patients with E coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection and ceftriaxone resistance","volume":"320","author":"Harris","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv086","article-title":"Infections caused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: differences in therapy and mortality in a multicentre study","volume":"70","author":"Tumbarello","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro862","article-title":"Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics: critical interactions of \u201cbug and drug\u201d","volume":"2","author":"Drusano","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.06.016","article-title":"The epidemiology of antibiotic resistance","volume":"32S","author":"Gould","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2009.08.001","article-title":"The clinical consequences of antimicrobial resistance","volume":"12","author":"Rice","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(00)00388-3","article-title":"Intermittent and continuous ceftazidime infusion for critically ill trauma patients","volume":"179","author":"Hanes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2000.00179.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic evaluation of ceftazidime continuous infusion vs intermittent bolus injection in septicaemic melioidosis","volume":"49","author":"Angus","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31820ef3e5","article-title":"Prolonged \u03b2-lactam infusion for gram-negative infections","volume":"30","author":"Tamma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-181","article-title":"Does prolonged \u03b2-lactam infusions improve clinical outcomes compared to intermittent infusions? A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized, controlled trials","volume":"11","author":"Tamma","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066618784264","article-title":"Evaluation of meropenem extended versus intermittent infusion dosing protocol in critically Ill patients","volume":"35","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Intens. Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv288","article-title":"Is prolonged infusion of piperacillin\/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients associated with improved pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic and patient outcomes? An observation from the Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care unit patients","volume":"71","author":"Abdul-Aziz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R113","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11405","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological efficacy of continuous versus intermittent application of meropenem in critically ill patients: a randomized open-label controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Chytra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.2174\/138920111798808365","article-title":"The relevance of drug volume of distribution in antibiotic dosing","volume":"12","author":"Ulldemolins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.8.2327-2332.2002","article-title":"Comparative stability studies of antipseudomonal \u03b2-lactams for potential administration through portable elastomeric pumps (home therapy for cystic fibrosis patients) and motor-operated syringes (intensive care units)","volume":"46","author":"Viaene","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq044","article-title":"Stability of meropenem and doripenem solutions for administration by continuous infusion","volume":"65","author":"Berthoin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance","volume":"18","author":"Magiorakos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis688","volume":"55","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0125","unstructured":"https:\/\/eucast.org\/clinical_breakpoints\/ Accessed online July 2020, 3."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0130","article-title":"Vasoactive-inotropic score: evolution, clinical utility, and pitfalls","author":"Belletti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cardiothorac Vasc. Anesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202290","article-title":"Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in adults with septic shock, May 31, 2012","volume":"366","author":"Ranieri","year":"2012","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R28","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11197","article-title":"Early use of imipenem\/cilastatin and vancomycin followed by de-escalation versus conventional antimicrobials without de-escalation for patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia in a medical ICU: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200405-644ST","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia","volume":"171","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1086\/511159","article-title":"Infectious Diseases Society of America\/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults","volume":"44","author":"Mandell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.2307\/2336502","article-title":"Discrete sequential boundaries for clinical trials","volume":"70","author":"Lan","year":"1983","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.2307\/2530245","article-title":"A multiple testing procedure for clinical trials","volume":"35","author":"O'Brien","year":"1979","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0165","first-page":"63","article-title":"A protocol for a phase 3 multicentre randomised controlled trial of continuous versus intermittent \u03b2-lactam antibiotic infusion in critically ill patients with sepsis: BLING III","volume":"21","author":"Lipman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit. Care Resusc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0170","first-page":"200","article-title":"COVID-BioB Study Group. Characteristics, treatment, outcomes and cause of death of invasively ventilated patients with COVID-19 ARDS in Milan, Italy","volume":"22","author":"Zangrillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Care Resusc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0175","first-page":"1","article-title":"Stranger months: How SARS-CoV-2, fear of contagion, and lockdown measures impacted attendance and clinical activity during February and March 2020 at an Urban Emergency Department in Milan","author":"Franchini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Disaster Med. Public Health Prep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346_bb0180","first-page":"91","article-title":"Fast reshaping of intensive care unit facilities in a large metropolitan hospital in Milan, Italy: facing the COVID-19 pandemic emergency","volume":"22","author":"Zangrillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Care Resusc."}],"container-title":["Contemporary Clinical Trials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1551714421000823?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1551714421000823?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T08:52:24Z","timestamp":1761555144000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1551714421000823"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S1551714421000823"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346","relation":{},"ISSN":["1551-7144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1551-7144","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Continuous infusion versus intermittent administration of meropenem in critically ill patients (MERCY): A multicenter randomized double-blind trial. Rationale and design","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Contemporary Clinical Trials","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106346","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106346"}}