{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T16:47:26Z","timestamp":1776444446604,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dental Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,22]],"date-time":"2014-03-22T04:26:23Z","timestamp":1395462383000},"page":"385-399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["The Role of Human Papillomavirus in Oral Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Gordon A.","family":"Pringle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib1","series-title":"Goldman\u2019s Cecil medicine","first-page":"2121","article-title":"Papillomavirus","author":"Douglas","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib2","series-title":"Mandell, Douglas and Bennett\u2019s principles and practice of infectious diseases","first-page":"2035","article-title":"Papillomaviruses","author":"Bonnez","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-010-0084-5","article-title":"Human papillomavirus: changing paradigms in oropharyngeal cancer","volume":"12","author":"Adelstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2011.01046.x","article-title":"Role of human papillomavirus infection in carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma with evidence of prognostic association","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.101","article-title":"Prevalence of oral HPV infection in the United States, 2009-2010","volume":"307","author":"Gillison","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2011.01892.x","article-title":"National prevalence of oral HPV infection and related risk factors in the US adult population","volume":"18","author":"Sanders","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2006.09.005","article-title":"Human papillomaviruses in oral squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions detected by PCR-based gene-chip array","volume":"36","author":"Luo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.06.045","article-title":"Oral mucosa as a reservoir of human papillomavirus: point prevalence, genotype distribution, and incident infections among males in a 7-year prospective study","volume":"62","author":"Kero","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42171","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042171","article-title":"Prevalence, genotype distribution and persistence of human papillomavirus in oral mucosa of women: a six-year follow-up study","volume":"7","author":"Rautava","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.1713","article-title":"Incidence and trends for human papillomavirus-related and -unrelated oral squamous cell carcinomas in the United States","volume":"26","author":"Chaturvedi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20998","article-title":"Tongue and tonsil carcinoma: increasing trends in the US population ages 20-44 years","volume":"103","author":"Shiboski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70017-6","article-title":"HPV-associated head and neck cancer: a virus-related cancer epidemic","volume":"11","author":"Marur","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib13","series-title":"Clinical virology","first-page":"603","article-title":"Papillomavirus","author":"Bonnez","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.06.083","article-title":"The biology and life cycle of human papillomaviruses","volume":"30S","author":"Doorbar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-9378-4-16","article-title":"Epithelial maturation and molecular biology of HPV","volume":"4","author":"Feller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Agent Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205214","article-title":"Involvement of intact HPV16 E6\/E7 gene expression in head and neck cancers with unaltered p53 status and perturbed pRb cell cycle control","volume":"21","author":"Wiest","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.09.054","article-title":"The epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus infection","volume":"24","author":"Trottier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib18","series-title":"Harrison\u2019s principles of internal medicine","first-page":"1056","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infections","author":"Reichman","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh183","article-title":"Genetic patterns in head and neck cancers that contain or lack transcriptionally active human papillomavirus","volume":"96","author":"Braakhuis","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0b013e3282c8c84c","article-title":"Update: human papillomavirus infection remains highly prevalent and persistent among HIV-infected individuals","volume":"19","author":"Kojic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.18.1500","article-title":"Human papillomavirus-associated cancers in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"92","author":"Frisch","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53413","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053413","article-title":"Genotype-specific incidence and clearance of human papillomavirus in oral mucosa of women: a six-year follow-up study","volume":"8","author":"Louvanto","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5004","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-3277","article-title":"Biomarkers of HPV in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"72","author":"Liang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1086\/597755","article-title":"Oral sexual behaviors associated with prevalent oral human papillomavirus infection","volume":"199","author":"D\u2019Souza","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1086\/381504","article-title":"Oral human papillomavirus infection in adults is associated with sexual behavior and HIV serostatus","volume":"189","author":"Kreimer","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4470","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01321-06","article-title":"Relationship between prevalent oral and\u00a0cervical human papillomavirus infections in human immunodeficiency virus-positive and negative women","volume":"44","author":"Fakhry","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181632d61","article-title":"Genital warts among 18-59 year-olds in the United States; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004","volume":"35","author":"Dinh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib28","first-page":"10","article-title":"Identification of herpesviruses types 1 to 8 and human papillomavirus in acute apical abscesses","volume":"37","author":"Ferreira","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.6.741","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infection in cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth in renal allograft recipients","volume":"72","author":"Bustos","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.3.358","article-title":"Marginal periodontium as a potential reservoir of human papillomavirus in oral mucosa","volume":"76","author":"Hormia","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090571","article-title":"Human papillomavirus-16 prevalence in gingival tissue and its association with periodontal destruction: a case-control study","volume":"81","author":"Horewicz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib32","series-title":"Oral pathology","first-page":"362","author":"Neville","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-002-0173-7","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infections and oral tumors","volume":"192","author":"Syrjanen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-002-0161-y","article-title":"Human papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, and 18 in oral carcinomas and benign oral lesions","volume":"192","author":"Ostwald","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/0964-1955(96)00011-5","article-title":"Human papillomavirus in human premalignant lesions","volume":"32","author":"Nielsen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2001.115392","article-title":"Human papillomavirus as a risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis, 1982-1997","volume":"91","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540561","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/540561","article-title":"Oral leukoplakia as it relates to HPV infection: a review","volume":"2012","author":"Feller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-011-0282-y","article-title":"Discrimination of \u2018driver\u2019 and \u2018passenger\u2019 HPV in tonsillar carcinomas by the polymerase chain reaction, chromogenic in situ hybridization, and p16INK4a immunohistochemistry","volume":"5","author":"Evans","year":"2011","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20936","article-title":"Human papillomavirus and oropharynx cancer: biology, detection and clinical implications","volume":"120","author":"Allen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-010-1037-y","article-title":"The role of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in non-smoking and non-drinking patients: a clinicopathological and molecular study of 46 cases","volume":"458","author":"Laco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.9.709","article-title":"Evidence for a causal association between human papillomavirus and a subset of head and neck cancers","volume":"92","author":"Gillison","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24911","article-title":"Biological and clinical relevance of transcriptionally active human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"126","author":"Jung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djn011","article-title":"Improved survival of patients with human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in a prospective clinical trial","volume":"100","author":"Fakhry","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib44","first-page":"571862","article-title":"Complex etiology underlies risk and survival in head and neck cancer human papillomavirus, tobacco, and alcohol: a case for multifactor disease","volume":"2012","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2006.00423.x","article-title":"Biopsy vs superficial scraping: detection of human papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, and 18 in potentially malignant and malignant oral lesions","volume":"35","author":"Furrer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2006.01246.x","article-title":"Human papillomavirus and head and neck cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Hobbs","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2008.04.009","article-title":"Prevalence and significance of human papillomavirus in oral tongue cancer: the Mayo Clinic experience","volume":"66","author":"Liang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.04169.x","article-title":"Transcriptionally-active high-risk human papillomavirus is rare in oral cavity and laryngeal\/hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas\u2013a tissue microarray study utilizing E6\/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization","volume":"60","author":"Lewis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2011.91","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of clinically utilized human papillomavirus detection methods in head and neck cancer","volume":"24","author":"Schlecht","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib50","first-page":"1203","article-title":"Real-time quantitative PCR demonstrates low prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 in premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity","volume":"8","author":"Ha","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22851","article-title":"Survival of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in\u00a0relation to human papillomavirus infection: review and meta-analysis","volume":"121","author":"Ragin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27s","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6003","article-title":"Survival outcomes by tumor human papillomavirus status in stage III\/IV oropharyngeal cancer in RTOG 0129","volume":"27","author":"Gillison","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2656","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23458","article-title":"Marked differences in survival rate between smokers and nonsmokers with HPV-16-associated tonsillar carcinomas","volume":"122","author":"Hafkamp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40767","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040767","article-title":"Human papillomavirus-16 infection in advanced oral cavity cancer patients is related to an increased risk of distant metastases and poor survival","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2011.12.004","article-title":"Human papillomavirus as a marker of the natural history and response to therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Ang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.09.001","article-title":"Impact of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) L1 virus-like particle vaccine in a sexually active population of North American women","volume":"198","author":"Barr","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60691-7","article-title":"Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) recombinant vaccine in women aged 24-45 years: a randomized, double-blind trial","volume":"373","author":"Munoz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Dental Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0011853213001377?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0011853213001377?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T20:07:41Z","timestamp":1648670861000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0011853213001377"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0011853213001377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cden.2013.12.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-8532"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-8532","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}}}