{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:33:25Z","timestamp":1786116805005,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009166","name":"Farm Service Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031392","name":"Unilever&apos;s Foods Innovation Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000354","name":"Food Standards Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdn.nutrition.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Developments in Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:00:32Z","timestamp":1781712032000},"page":"109401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dietary Intake of Plant-Based Meat Consumers\u2014A Cross-Sectional Analysis Based on the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (Years 2014\u20132019) in the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Nicole","family":"Neufingerl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurine","family":"Ballintijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9934-0969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sander","family":"Biesbroek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne J","family":"Wanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10170","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31788-4","article-title":"Food in the anthropocene: the EAT\u2013Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems","volume":"393","author":"Willett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7728","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0594-0","article-title":"Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits","volume":"562","author":"Springmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-resource-111820-032340","article-title":"Meat consumption and sustainability","volume":"14","author":"Parlasca","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Resource Econ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib4","series-title":"Summary report of the EAT-Lancet Commission Food in The Anthropocene","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib5","series-title":"Sustainable Healthy Diets - Guiding Principles","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.afnr.2022.02.003","article-title":"Meat alternatives: a proofed commodity?","volume":"101","author":"Boukid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Food Nutr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fufo.2022.100174","article-title":"Plant-based animal product alternatives are healthier and more environmentally sustainable than animal products","volume":"6","author":"Bryant","year":"2022","journal-title":"Future Foods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2011.09.009","article-title":"Can we cut out the meat of the dish? Constructing consumer-oriented pathways towards meat substitution","volume":"58","author":"Sch\u00f6sler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib9","article-title":"Plant-based meat alternatives: motivational adoption barriers and solutions","volume":"13","author":"Jahn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainability (Switzerland)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzac144","article-title":"A global analysis of National Dietary Guidelines on plant-based diets and substitutions for animal-based foods","volume":"6","author":"Klapp","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Dev. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib11","series-title":"Dutch Dietary Guidelines: Dietary Protein Sources and Dietary Patterns 2025","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2025.107841","article-title":"Comparing the nutrient composition of plant-based meat with animal meat and legumes: a review of analytical data on 45 nutrients","volume":"146","author":"De Bie","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Food Composit. Anal."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxab146","article-title":"Substituting meat or dairy products with plant-based substitutes has small and heterogeneous effects on diet quality and nutrient security: a simulation study in French Adults (INCA3)","volume":"151","author":"Salome","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15081825","article-title":"Impact of a switch to plant-based foods that visually and functionally mimic animal-source meat and dairy milk for the Australian population-a dietary modelling study","volume":"15","author":"Lawrence","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-023-01328-1","article-title":"Plant-based alternative proteins-are they nutritionally more advantageous?","volume":"77","author":"Tay","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114521002750","article-title":"The nutritional impact of replacing dietary meat with meat alternatives in the UK: a modelling analysis using nationally representative data","volume":"127","author":"Farsi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2024.05.029","article-title":"Modeling the impact of substituting meat and dairy products with plant-based alternatives on nutrient adequacy and diet quality","volume":"154","author":"Marchese","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101774","article-title":"The neglected potential of red and processed meat replacement with alternative protein sources: simulation modelling and systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Reynolds","year":"2023","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib19","series-title":"Helft Europeanen Vermindert Vleesconsumptie, Nederland Telt Meeste Flexitari\u00ebrs","year":"2021"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6838","DOI":"10.3390\/su12176838","article-title":"Potential impact of meat replacers on nutrient quality and greenhouse gas emissions of diets in four European countries","volume":"12","author":"Mertens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.07.098","article-title":"A model for composing meat replacers: reducing the environmental impact of our food consumption pattern while retaining its nutritional value","volume":"165","author":"Van Mierlo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clean. Product."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1017\/S000711452100218X","article-title":"The association of mycoprotein-based food consumption with diet quality, energy intake and non-communicable diseases' risk in the UK adult population using the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) years 2008\/2009-2016\/2017: a cross-sectional study","volume":"127","author":"Cherta-Murillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1002\/fft2.532","article-title":"plant-based meat alternatives intake and its association with health status among vegetarians of the UK biobank volunteer population","volume":"6","author":"Navratilova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Front"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab414","article-title":"Replacing meat with alternative plant-based products (RE-MAP): a randomized controlled trial of a multicomponent behavioral intervention to reduce meat consumption","volume":"115","author":"Bianchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib25","article-title":"The shift to plant-based diets: are we missing the point? Glob","volume":"29","author":"Wickramasinghe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Secur"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib26","series-title":"NDNS: time trend and income analyses for Years 1 to 9","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib27","series-title":"Growth of meat and dairy alternatives is stirring up the European food industry","author":"Geijer","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib28","series-title":"Retail Sales Value of Meat Substitutes in the European Union and the UK from 2010 to 2019 with a Forecast for 2020 and 2025. 19 January 2022 ed","author":"Wunsch","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2017.00045","article-title":"Examining plausibility of self-reported energy intake data: considerations for method selection","volume":"4","author":"Banna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980014000342","article-title":"DINO (Diet In Nutrients Out) \u2013 an integrated dietary assessment system","volume":"18","author":"Fitt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib31","series-title":"A Quick Guide to the Government\u2019s Healthy Eating Recommendations","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib32","series-title":"Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom, Report of the Panel on Dietary Reference Values of the Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib33","series-title":"Dietary Reference Values for Energy","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib34","series-title":"Vitamin D and Health","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib35","series-title":"Carbohydrates and Health","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib36","series-title":"Salt and Health","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib37","series-title":"Dietary Reference intakes, The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements, Instititute of Medicine","year":"2006"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1080\/10454446.2021.1955799","article-title":"Market-oriented development of plant-based food and beverage products: a usage segmentation approach","volume":"27","author":"Beacom","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Prod. Market."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-16996-5","article-title":"Most plant-based meat alternative buyers also buy meat: an analysis of household demographics, habit formation, and buying behavior among meat alternative buyers","volume":"12","author":"Neuhofer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/65.4.1220S","article-title":"Adjustment for total energy intake in epidemiologic studies","volume":"65","author":"Willett","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2020.105058","article-title":"A systematic review on consumer acceptance of alternative proteins: Pulses, algae, insects, plant-based meat alternatives, and cultured meat","volume":"159","author":"Onwezen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-020-03630-9","article-title":"Plant-based meat analogues: from niche to mainstream","volume":"247","author":"Boukid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Food Res. Technol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11091274","article-title":"Consumer acceptance of plant-based meat substitutes: a narrative review","volume":"11","author":"Szenderak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4136","DOI":"10.3390\/su12104136","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the benefits of and the barriers to the switch to a plant-based diet","volume":"12","author":"Feh\u00e9r","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy130","article-title":"A global review of food-based dietary guidelines","volume":"10","author":"Herforth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1626","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuae031","article-title":"Mapping the evidence of novel plant-based foods: a systematic review of nutritional, health, and environmental impacts in high-income countries","volume":"83","author":"Najera Espinosa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15020452","article-title":"Plant-based meat alternatives: technological, nutritional, environmental, market, and social challenges and opportunities","volume":"15","author":"Andreani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.00090","article-title":"Traditional self-reported dietary instruments are prone to inaccuracies and new approaches are needed","volume":"7","author":"Ravelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(03)01074-5","article-title":"Selective underreporting of energy intake in women: magnitude, determinants, and effect of training","volume":"103","author":"Scagliusi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Diet. Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqaa203","volume":"112","author":"Crimarco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3390\/dietetics2010009","article-title":"The effect of plant-based and mycoprotein-based meat substitute consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled intervention trials","volume":"2","author":"Gibbs","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dietetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib52","series-title":"Vitamins and Minerals","year":"2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/nbu.12108","article-title":"Vitamin D: an overview of vitamin D status and intake in Europe","volume":"39","author":"Spiro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr. Bull."}],"container-title":["Current Developments in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S247529912601766X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S247529912601766X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T12:27:35Z","timestamp":1786019255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S247529912601766X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S247529912601766X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401","relation":{},"ISSN":["2475-2991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2475-2991","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dietary Intake of Plant-Based Meat Consumers\u2014A Cross-Sectional Analysis Based on the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (Years 2014\u20132019) in the United Kingdom","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Developments in Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109401","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Nutrition.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109401"}}