{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T12:01:48Z","timestamp":1790596908297,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008743","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n y Cultura","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cdn.nutrition.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Developments in Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T15:41:09Z","timestamp":1786549269000},"page":"109515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Triple Burden of Malnutrition among Children and Adolescents in Indonesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7909-6249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marini Amalia","family":"Mansur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8893-0637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa M","family":"Oddo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10431","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02750-2","article-title":"Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults","volume":"403","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1038\/s43016-023-00886-8","article-title":"The triple burden of malnutrition","volume":"4","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Food."},{"issue":"10217","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32497-3","article-title":"Dynamics of the double burden of malnutrition and the changing nutrition reality","volume":"395","author":"Popkin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2013.07.001","article-title":"Dual burden households and intra-household nutritional inequality in Indonesia","volume":"11","author":"Roemling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Econ. Hum. Biol."},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1177\/03795721211007114","article-title":"The triple burden of malnutrition among adolescents in Indonesia","volume":"42","author":"Rah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Nutr. Bull."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031198","article-title":"Overweight in Indonesia: an observational study of trends and risk factors among adults and children","volume":"9","author":"Oddo","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib7","series-title":"Survei 2023, Jakarta: National Health","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib8","series-title":"Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib9","series-title":"Child and Adolescent Health and Development","first-page":"133","article-title":"Nutrition in Middle Childhood and Adolescence","author":"Lassi","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-003161","article-title":"Severe malnutrition or famine exposure in childhood and cardiometabolic non-communicable disease later in life: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Grey","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Glob. Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2010.222","article-title":"Long-term impact of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence on morbidity and premature mortality in adulthood: systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Reilly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond)."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib12","first-page":"230","article-title":"Childhood dual burden of under- and overnutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a critical review, Food Nutr","volume":"35","author":"Tzioumis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2024.11.010","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition in children and adolescents at the individual level: systematic review and meta-regression","volume":"101","author":"Viana","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. (Rio J)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib14","series-title":"Landscape analysis of overweight and obesity in Indonesia [Internet]","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11931-1","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study of mothers\u2019 perspectives","volume":"21","author":"Andriyani","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811575","article-title":"The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nutrition, health and environment in Indonesia: a qualitative investigation of perspectives from multi-disciplinary experts","volume":"19","author":"Anyanwu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114524003027","article-title":"Food insecurity and BMI are associated with depressive symptoms among adolescents in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic: a 1-year longitudinal study","author":"Asrullah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.70046","article-title":"Sleep quality, depression, and the risk of anaemia in adolescents aged 10-19 years during one year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia","volume":"41","author":"Asrullah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib19","first-page":"90","article-title":"Nutritional status and physical activity of adolescents during Covid-19 pandemic in Palangka Raya City, Indonesia","volume":"36","author":"Nirmalasari","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Sci. Acad."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.37506\/ijphrd.v13i3.18218","article-title":"Body image perception and its relationship with adolescents nutritional status in Pekanbaru city during the Covid-19 pandemic","volume":"13","author":"Maya","year":"2022","journal-title":"IJPHRD"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s44167-022-00014-0","article-title":"Physical activity and sedentary behaviour of male adolescents in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-method case study using accelerometers, automated wearable cameras, diaries, and interviews, J. Act","volume":"2","author":"Andriyani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sedentary Sleep Behav."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7125","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18137125","article-title":"Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and weight status of university students during the COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-national comparative study","volume":"18","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib23","article-title":"Primary school-aged children\u2019s physical activity level, eating habit, and sleeping pattern changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia","volume":"16","author":"Sekartini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib24","first-page":"81","article-title":"Changes in eating and physical activity behavior of Indonesian teenagers during the Corona Virus Disease 19 pandemic","volume":"36","author":"Indriasari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Med. Sci. Acad."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1159\/000543078","article-title":"Changes in body mass index during the COVID-19 pandemic among Indonesian adolescents: the role of sex, urban area, baseline BMI, and appetitive traits","volume":"18","author":"Sarintohe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Facts."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980024001332","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam: insights from the SEANUTS II study","volume":"27","author":"Geurts","year":"2024","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib27","first-page":"178","article-title":"Reduced physical activity and increased weight status in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Zaccagni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-7-15","article-title":"Validity of self-reported weight, height, and body mass index among university students in Thailand: implications for population studies of obesity in developing countries","volume":"7","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Popul. Health Metr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3923\/pjn.2017.51.60","article-title":"Validity of self-reported weight, height and body mass index among college students in Indonesia: consequences for the assessment of obesity","volume":"16","author":"Hastuti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pak. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-025-00706-4","article-title":"Adolescent nutrition and health: a critical period for nutritional intervention to prevent long term health consequences","volume":"14","author":"Parajuli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Nutr. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib31","series-title":"Socioeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on households in Indonesia: three rounds of monitoring surveys","year":"2022"},{"issue":"S2","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s84","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980020002876","article-title":"Eating behaviour of Indonesian adolescents: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"24","author":"Rachmi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1004953","article-title":"Eating habits of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 era: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Pourghazi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2848","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980020003900","article-title":"Dietary health perceptions and sources of nutritional knowledge in an urban food environment: a qualitative study from Indonesia","volume":"24","author":"Colozza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodpol.2026.103076","article-title":"Healthy diets are affordable but often displaced by other foods in Indonesia","volume":"140","author":"Costlow","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1177\/02601060221133897","article-title":"A qualitative exploration of ultra-processed foods consumption and eating out behaviours in an Indonesian urban food environment","volume":"30","author":"Colozza","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2018.08.005","article-title":"Food choices made by primary carers (mothers\/ grandmothers) in West Java, Indonesia","volume":"130","author":"Rachmi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib38","first-page":"2287","article-title":"The role of the school food environment in improving the healthiness of school canteens and the readiness to reopen post COVID-19 pandemic: a study conducted in Indonesia","volume":"11","author":"Hadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Public Health Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib39","series-title":"Nutrition Environment Assessment Toolkit for Schools (NEAT-S) in Indonesia: identifying barriers to healthy school nutrition environments to strengthen policies and programmes","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib40","series-title":"Presidential Regulation No. 42 of 2013 concerning the National Movement for the Acceleration of Nutrition Improvement","first-page":"1","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib41","series-title":"Presidential Regulation No. 83 of 2017 concerning Strategic Policies for Food and Nutrition","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1177\/0379572118785054","article-title":"Strengthening nutrition-specific policies for adolescents in Indonesia: a qualitative policy analysis","volume":"39","author":"Soekarjo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Nutr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib43","series-title":"National Action Plan for Food and Nutrition 2015\u20132019","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib44","series-title":"Adolescent Nutrition Programme Aksi Bergizi: From District Pilot to National Scale-up","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib45","series-title":"Weekly Iron Folic Acid Supplementation for Prevention and Reduction of Anaemia among School-going Adolescent Girls (MITRA Youth) Activity Design Document","author":"International","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib46","series-title":"Capturing adjustment and innovation of nutrition services program during COVID-19 pandemic: case study at 8 cities\/districts in Indonesia","author":"Soewondo","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib47","series-title":"Guidelines for nutrition services during the COVID-19 pandemic emergency response for health workers","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib48","series-title":"Towards a child-focused COVID-19 response and recovery: a call to action","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib49","first-page":"484","article-title":"Adolescent women as a key target population for community nutrition education programs in Indonesia, Asia Pac","volume":"26","author":"Savage","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980018002215","article-title":"Potential interventions Targeting Adolescent Nutrition in Indonesia: a Literature Review","volume":"22","author":"Oddo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S532950","article-title":"The influence of anemia education media on increasing self-awareness and compliance in consuming iron supplements in adolescent girls: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Septiana","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Womens Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib52","series-title":"Decree of the Minister of National Development Planning\/Head of the National Development Planning Agency no. KEP 124\/M.PPN\/HK\/10\/2021 on the determination of the National Food and Nutrition Action Plan for the 2021-2024","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib53","series-title":"Acting for nutrition: Indonesia\u2019s Aksi Bergizi healthy breakfast pilot programme","year":"2025"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3575","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17223575","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of Indonesia\u2019s national school feeding program (ProGAS) on children\u2019s nutrition and learning environment: a mixed-methods approach","volume":"17","author":"Pramesthi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib55","series-title":"WFP Policy Engagement and Technical Assistance for the National Nutrition Programme for School Children in Indonesia (Progas): Learning, Conclusions and the Way Forward. Program Gizi Anak Sekolah (Progas) 2016\u20132019","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib56","series-title":"Social and Behaviour Change Communication Strategy: Improving Adolescent Nutrition in Indonesia","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib57","series-title":"Indonesia 2018\u20132024 National Nutrition Programme Review. Synthesis Report","year":"2025"},{"issue":"7\/8","key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1108\/IJSSP-08-2022-0201","article-title":"Social insecurity and varieties of family resilience strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"43","author":"Yuda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Sociol. Soc. Policy."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib59","unstructured":"H.J.A. Isharyanto, S. Wahyuni, D.E. Pratiwi, Without crisis paradigm: food security law and policy in the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, J. Leg. Ethical. Regul. Issues. 25(S1) 1\u201211."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib60","series-title":"Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 2017 on Healthy Living Community Movement","first-page":"1","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515_bib61","series-title":"Food and beverage taxes [Internet]","year":"2026"}],"container-title":["Current Developments in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2475299126018809?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2475299126018809?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T11:37:51Z","timestamp":1790595471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2475299126018809"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2475299126018809"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515","relation":{},"ISSN":["2475-2991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2475-2991","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Triple Burden of Malnutrition among Children and Adolescents in Indonesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Developments in Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cdnut.2026.109515","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Nutrition.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109515"}}