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Sixteen respiratory viruses and two bacteria were detected from tracheal aspirate specimens using commercially available multiplex real\u2010time reverse transcription PCR (RT\u2010PCR) kits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single viral pathogen was detected in 35.3% of enrolled patients, multiple viruses in 11.6%, and virus\/bacteria coinfection in 17.8%. In contrast, only 6.5% of patients had a single bacterial pathogen and 2.2% were infected with multiple bacteria. The etiological agent was unknown for 26.7% of patients. The most common viruses were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (43.9%), rhinovirus (14.8%), parain\ufb02uenza virus (9.4%), and adenovirus (8.6%). In patients under three years of age, RSV (44.6%), rhinovirus (12.8%), and <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (9.9%) were the most frequent pathogens. In children aged 3\u20137 years, <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (38.9%), RSV (30.6%), <jats:italic>Haemophilus in\ufb02uenzae<\/jats:italic> (19.4%), and adenovirus (19.4%) were most prevalent. Finally in children over seven years, RSV (47.3%), <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (41.9%), and rhinovirus (21.5%) infections were most frequent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Viral pathogens, specifically RSV, were responsible for the majority of CAP in pediatric patients. However, both <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>H. in\ufb02uenzae<\/jats:italic> contributed as major causes of disease. Commercially available multiplexing real\u2010time PCR allowed for rapid detection of the etiological agent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdtm.2015.06.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,8]],"date-time":"2015-07-08T01:21:41Z","timestamp":1436318501000},"page":"110-116","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Detection of respiratory viral and bacterial pathogens causing pediatric community\u2010acquired pneumonia in Beijing using real\u2010time PCR"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Tie\u2010Gang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunization and Prevention of Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control 16, Hepingli Middle Avenue, Dongcheng District Beijing 100013 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