{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T01:07:43Z","timestamp":1768439263117,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,25]],"date-time":"2017-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,22]],"date-time":"2016-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81572420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81572420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81572420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81572420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province","award":["2014K11-03-03-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014K11-03-03-12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics of patients with gallbladder carcinoma recruited from 17 hospitals in five northwestern provinces of China (Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) from 2009 to 2013, and to summarize the clinical diagnosis and treatment data of gallbladder carcinoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical information of 2379 patients with gallbladder carcinoma from 17 hospitals in five northwestern provinces of China was retrospectively collected and analyzed using the \u201cQuestionnaire for Gallbladder Carcinoma Patients in Northwestern Area of China.\u201d All information was verified with EpiData software and analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) Gallbladder carcinoma accounted for 2.7% (2379\/86,609) of all biliary tract diseases during the study period, which was significantly higher than that from 1986 to 1998 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.001). (2) Gallbladder carcinoma was more prone to occur in elderly women. The male:female incidence ratio was 1.0:2.1, the average age of onset of disease was 63.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.3 years, and the incidence was higher in farmers than in other occupational groups. (3) A total of 57.2% (1360\/2379) of patients with gallbladder carcinoma also had gallstones. (4) Abdominal pain (1796\/2379, 75.5%) and jaundice (727\/2379, 30.6%) were the most common clinical manifestations, 81.2% (1527\/1881) were positive in those receiving B ultrasound examinations and 90.7% (1567\/1727) were positive in those undergoing computed tomography, and 64.5% (1124\/1742) of patients with gallbladder carcinoma were positive for carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19\u20109. (5) The pathological type of gallbladder carcinoma was mainly moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with a high degree of malignancy. At admission, 55.1% (1091\/1981) of patients had stage IV cancer among patients with TNM staging information; 55.9% (1331\/2379) had lymphatic metastasis, 29.7% (706\/2379) had bile duct metastasis, and 53.1% (1263\/2379) had liver metastasis. (6) A total of 283 patients (283\/2379, 11.9%) had incidentally detected gallbladder carcinoma. (7) The rate of radical surgical resection was 30.4% (723\/2379).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportion of gallbladder carcinoma in biliary tract diseases in the northwestern area of China was significantly higher from 2009 to 2013 than from 1986 to 1998. Gallbladder carcinoma was common in older women and mainly diagnosed at an advanced stage. Compared with other surveys in different regions, the rate of metastasis in this survey was high, leading to a low resection rate. Populations at high risk should undergo B\u2010ultrasound examinations at regular follow\u2010up intervals to increase the rate of early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdtm.2017.01.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,22]],"date-time":"2017-02-22T23:00:18Z","timestamp":1487804418000},"page":"60-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Clinical epidemiological survey of gallbladder carcinoma in northwestern China, 2009\u20132013: 2379 cases in 17 centers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Hao\u2010Xin","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hu\u2010Wei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin\u2010Jian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi Xinjiang 830054 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuo\u2010Yi","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu 730030 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen\u2010Yu","family":"Ti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Region Lanzhou Gansu 730050 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhao\u2010Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan Ningxia 750004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University Xining Qinghai 810001 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya\u2010Ling","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health School of Medicine Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guan\u2010Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010Cang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi\u2010Lin","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Shaanxi People's Hospital Xi'an Shaanxi 710068 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Di","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Shaanxi Nuclear Industry 215 Hospital Xianyang Shaanxi 712000 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing\u2010Sen","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Min","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Gallbladder cancer: epidemiology and outcome","volume":"6","author":"Hundal R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2012.6.2.172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Report of incidence and mortality in China cancer registries, 2009","volume":"25","author":"Chen W.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"805","article-title":"Relative risk factors analysis of 3,922 cases of gallbladder cancer","volume":"38","author":"Zou S.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"263","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System","author":"Albores\u2010Saavedra J.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-010-0985-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.11.5613"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.21141"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-012-0049-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPQT3ELN2BBCKA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21683"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-200308000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-011-9288-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17474124.2014.943188"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00534-006-1187-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2009.12.007"}],"container-title":["Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2095882X16300834?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2095882X16300834?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.cdtm.2017.01.003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.cdtm.2017.01.003","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.cdtm.2017.01.003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T13:09:51Z","timestamp":1693141791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.cdtm.2017.01.003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.cdtm.2017.01.003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cdtm.2017.01.003","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0514","2589-0514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0514","type":"print"},{"value":"2589-0514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical epidemiological survey of gallbladder carcinoma in northwestern China, 2009\u20132013: 2379 cases in 17 centers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cdtm.2017.01.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Chinese Medical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}