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Due to the subdued effects of reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) on macrovascular complications, controlling other CV risk factors such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia instead of hyperglycemia has been the mainstay treatment to improve CV outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) until recent years. This review is intended to summarize and compare the results from the available cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) for the two classes of glucose lowering drug: sodium\u2010glucose co\u2010transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) and glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonist (GLP\u20101 RA). The results including the EMPA\u2010REG, CANVAS program and DECLARE\u2010TIMI 58 trials for SGLT2i, and the ELIXA, LEADER, SUSTAIN\u20106, EXSCEL and HARMONY trials for GLP\u20101 RA were summarized. The potential mechanisms of these CV beneficial effects and the optimal CV risk reduction treatment in patients with T2DM based on patient risk stratification and evidence from these CVOTs in real\u2010world setting were discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdtm.2019.01.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T06:54:04Z","timestamp":1552632844000},"page":"25-36","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Advances in reducing cardiovascular risk in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Lankenau Hospital Main Line Health System Wynnewood PA 19096 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.14.4.212"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2625"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci18-0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/653789"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v6.i13.1246"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61969-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2010.02265.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.405"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07037-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4337-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2010.01349.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00044-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER).Guidance for industry: Diabetes Mellitus\u2014Evaluating cardiovascular risk in new antidiabeticherapies to treat type 2 diabetes.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/Drugs\/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation\/Guidances\/UCM071627.pdf. 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