{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T06:46:00Z","timestamp":1789973160159,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,6]],"date-time":"2019-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003398","name":"Shanxi Scholarship Council of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012\u2010048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\u2010048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003398","name":"Shanxi Scholarship Council of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013\u2010Key Project 3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013\u2010Key Project 3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003398","name":"Shanxi Scholarship Council of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2012-048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012-048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003398","name":"Shanxi Scholarship Council of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2013-Key Project 3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013-Key Project 3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation Projects","award":["81671462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671462"]}]},{"name":"Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Cell Regeneration and Research Project"},{"name":"Fund for Shanxi","award":["1331 Project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1331 Project"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of action of roof plate\u2010specific spondin1 (Rspo1) in the apoptosis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs was identified by Alizarin Red and Oil Red O staining, respectively.\u00a0BMSC surface markers (cluster of differentiation 29 [CD29], CD90, and CD45) were detected using flow cytometry. BMSCs were transfected with an adenoviral vector encoding <jats:italic>Rspo1<\/jats:italic> (BMSCs\u2010Rspo1 group). The expression levels of <jats:italic>Rspo1<\/jats:italic> gene and Rspo1 protein in the BMSCs\u2010Rspo1 group and the two control groups (untransfected BMSCs group and BMSCs\u2010green fluorescent protein [GFP] group) were analyzed and compared by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The occurrence of apoptosis in the three groups was detected by flow cytometry and acridine orange\u2010ethidium bromide (AO\u2010EB) double dyeing. The activity of the Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin signaling pathway was evaluated by measuring the expression levels of the key proteins of the pathway (\u03b2\u2010catenin, c\u2010Jun N\u2010terminal kinase [JNK], and phospho\u2010JNK).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was confirmed in cultured BMSCs by the positive expression of CD29 and CD90 and the negative expression of CD45. Significantly increased expression levels of Rspo1 protein in the BMSCs\u2010Rspo1 group compared to those in the BMSCs (0.60 \u00b1 0.05 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0.13 \u00b1 0.02; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>=95.007, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.001) and BMSCs\u2010GFP groups (0.60 \u00b1 0.05 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0.10 \u00b1 0.02; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>=104.842, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.001) were observed. The apoptotic rate was significantly lower in the BMSCs\u2010Rspo1 group compared with those in the BMSCs group ([24.06 \u00b1 2.37]% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. [40.87 \u00b1 2.82]%; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> = 49.872, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002) and the BMSCs\u2010GFP group ([24.06 \u00b1 2.37]% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. [42.34 \u00b1 0.26]%; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> = 62.358, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). In addition, compared to the BMSCs group, the protein expression levels of \u03b2\u2010catenin (2.67 \u00b1 0.19 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 1.14 \u00b1 0.14; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> = \u22129.217, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000) and JNK (1.87 \u00b1 0.17 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0.61 \u00b1 0.07; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> = \u221222.289, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000) were increased in the BMSCs\u2010Rspo1 group. Compared to the BMSCs\u2010GFP group, the protein expression levels of \u03b2\u2010catenin (2.67 \u00b1 0.19 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 1.44 \u00b1 0.14; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> = \u22125.692, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000) and JNK (1.87 \u00b1 0.17 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0.53 \u00b1 0.06; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> = \u221210.589, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000) were also upregulated in the\u00a0BMSCs\u2010Rspo1 group. Moreover, the protein expression levels of phospho\u2010JNK were increased in the BMSCs\u2010Rspo1 group compared to those in the BMSCs group (1.89 \u00b1 0.10 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0.63 \u00b1 0.09; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> = \u22128.975, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001) and the BMSCs\u2010GFP group (1.89 \u00b1 0.10 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0.69 \u00b1 0.08; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> = \u22129.483, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin pathway could play a vital role in the Rspo1\u2010mediated inhibition of apoptosis in BMSCs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdtm.2019.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,19]],"date-time":"2019-03-19T14:34:55Z","timestamp":1553006095000},"page":"53-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells is regulated by <i>Rspo1<\/i> via the Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Xiao\u2010Xia","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao\u2010Yan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China"},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University 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