{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T20:56:57Z","timestamp":1790542617793,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS134925"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS134925"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002280","name":"Plastic Surgery Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002280","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005367","name":"American Foundation for Surgery of the Hand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biomaterials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T14:50:15Z","timestamp":1790002215000},"page":"100594","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A long-acting injectable nanoparticle-hydrogel depot enables sustained IGF-1 delivery to reverse chronic denervation"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2327-7542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yicheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.W.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Erb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenhu","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim A.","family":"Sarhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Hanwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin R.","family":"Slavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Cheng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayuan","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica B.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"von Guionneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Khong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachana","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dany Y.","family":"Matar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Tinana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moonhyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor","family":"Glass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Hricz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sai","family":"Pinni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Generoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Visakha","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aysel","family":"Cetinkaya-Fisgin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric K.","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Izzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara","family":"Segna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sashank","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"H\u00f6ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4262-9988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai-Quan","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami H.","family":"Tuffaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1215529","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injuries: an international survey of current treatments and future perspectives","volume":"25","author":"Scholz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Reconstr. Microsurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(200006)23:6<863::AID-MUS4>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Traumatic injury to peripheral nerves","volume":"23","author":"Robinson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib3","article-title":"Research hotspots and trends of peripheral nerve injuries based on Web of Science from 2017 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7215a1","article-title":"Chronic pain among adults - United States, 2019\u20132021","volume":"72","author":"Rikard","year":"2023","journal-title":"MMWR, Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(09)87011-6","article-title":"Chapter 11: Tissue engineering of peripheral nerves","volume":"87","author":"Battiston","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib6","first-page":"77","article-title":"Studies on the regenerative recovery of long-term denervated muscle in rats","volume":"10","author":"Carlson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Restor. Neurol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.227","article-title":"Advances in peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Scheib","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/698256","article-title":"Peripheral nerve reconstruction after injury: a review of clinical and experimental therapies","volume":"2014","author":"Grinsell","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113650","article-title":"Defining the relative impact of muscle versus Schwann cell denervation on functional recovery after delayed nerve repair","volume":"339","author":"Sarhane","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib10","article-title":"Nerve wrap for local delivery of FK506\/Tacrolimus accelerates nerve regeneration","volume":"25","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib11","first-page":"2293","article-title":"1953\u20132023. Seventy years of the nerve growth factor: a potential novel treatment in neurological diseases?","volume":"16","author":"Norata","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-22-00867","article-title":"FK506 contributes to peripheral nerve regeneration by inhibiting neuroinflammatory responses and promoting neuron survival","volume":"20","author":"Kou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6596","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707046105","article-title":"Release of hydrophobic molecules from polymer micelles into cell membranes revealed by Forster resonance energy transfer imaging","volume":"105","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199728","article-title":"High-fat diet suppresses the positive effect of creatine supplementation on skeletal muscle function by reducing protein expression of IGF-PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway","volume":"13","author":"Ferretti","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib15","article-title":"5\u2032-Cytimidine monophosphate ameliorates H2O2-induced muscular atrophy in C2C12 myotubes by activating IRS-1\/Akt\/S6K pathway","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib16","first-page":"4096","article-title":"Promoting musculoskeletal system soft tissue regeneration by biomaterial-mediated modulation of macrophage polarization","volume":"6","author":"Ye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.02.034","article-title":"Macroporous nanofiber wraps promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery in nerve repair by limiting fibrosis","volume":"88","author":"Sarhane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.121244","article-title":"Sustained IGF-1 delivery ameliorates effects of chronic denervation and improves functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury and repair","volume":"280","author":"Hanwright","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau6210","article-title":"Nanofiber-hydrogel composite-mediated angiogenesis for soft tissue reconstruction","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202202309","article-title":"Biostimulatory micro-fragmented nanofiber-hydrogel composite improves mesenchymal stem cell delivery and soft tissue remodeling","volume":"18","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32584","article-title":"Quaternary nanoparticles enable sustained release of bortezomib for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"76","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.02.043","article-title":"Long-acting injectable nanoparticle formulation for sustained release of anti-TNF-\u03b1 antibody therapeutic in ulcerative colitis treatment","volume":"380","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26646","article-title":"Stimulated grip strength measurement: Validation of a novel method for functional assessment","volume":"60","author":"Hanwright","year":"2019","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028090","article-title":"Striking denervation of neuromuscular junctions without lumbar motoneuron loss in geriatric mouse muscle","volume":"6","author":"Chai","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib25","article-title":"Modeling the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Articular Cartilage","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1054\/ghir.1999.0100","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics of free insulin-like growth factor-I in healthy subjects","volume":"9","author":"Frystyk","year":"1999","journal-title":"Growth Horm. IGF Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(97)00128-2","article-title":"Interactions of liposomes and lipid-based carrier systems with blood proteins: Relation to clearance behaviour in vivo","volume":"32","author":"Cullis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5213","DOI":"10.1021\/la703570m","article-title":"Fast release of lipophilic agents from circulating PEG-PDLLA micelles revealed by in vivo forster resonance energy transfer imaging","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00745-0","article-title":"Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and chondroitinase promote axonal regeneration in a chronic denervation animal model","volume":"16","author":"Sarhane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13033","article-title":"Functional evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration and target reinnervation in animal models: a critical overview","volume":"43","author":"Navarro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2011.04.008","article-title":"Outcome measures of peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"193","author":"Wood","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2011.02.019","article-title":"Potentials and limitations of peripheral nerve injury models in rodents with particular reference to the femoral nerve","volume":"193","author":"Irintchev","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib33","article-title":"A nanofiber-hydrogel composite improves tissue repair in a rat model of Crohn\u2019s disease perianal fistulas","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2007.06.018","article-title":"Binary imaging analysis for comprehensive quantitative histomorphometry of peripheral nerve","volume":"166","author":"Hunter","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4255","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3481-16.2017","article-title":"STAT3 controls the long-term survival and phenotype of repair Schwann cells during nerve regeneration","volume":"37","author":"Benito","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91094-6","article-title":"NMJ-Analyser identifies subtle early changes in mouse models of neuromuscular disease","volume":"11","author":"Mejia Maza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v050.i12","article-title":"nparLD: An R software package for the nonparametric analysis of longitudinal data in factorial experiments","volume":"50","author":"Noguchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."}],"container-title":["Cell Biomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S3050562326002503?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S3050562326002503?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T20:08:33Z","timestamp":1790539713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S3050562326002503"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S3050562326002503"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594","relation":{},"ISSN":["3050-5623"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3050-5623","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A long-acting injectable nanoparticle-hydrogel depot enables sustained IGF-1 delivery to reverse chronic denervation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Biomaterials","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celbio.2026.100594","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100594"}}