{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:40:11Z","timestamp":1791297611995,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,17]],"date-time":"2013-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":563,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,2]],"date-time":"2012-02-02T19:20:30Z","timestamp":1328210430000},"page":"556-567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":505,"title":["Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Regulates PPAR\u03b3 Activity and the Antidiabetic Actions of Thiazolidinediones"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Paul\u00a0A.","family":"Dutchak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Katafuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angie\u00a0L.","family":"Bookout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jang\u00a0Hyun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth\u00a0T.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David\u00a0J.","family":"Mangelsdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven\u00a0A.","family":"Kliewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5128","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.8.5128","article-title":"Transcriptional activation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is inhibited by phosphorylation at a consensus mitogen-activated protein kinase site","volume":"272","author":"Adams","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2008.04.038","article-title":"FGF21 attenuates lipolysis in human adipocytes\u2014a possible link to improved insulin sensitivity","volume":"582","author":"Arner","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.05.002","article-title":"Hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 is regulated by PPARalpha and is a key mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism in ketotic states","volume":"5","author":"Badman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4931","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0532","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21-deficient mice demonstrate impaired adaptation to ketosis","volume":"150","author":"Badman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4084","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0221","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 controls glycemia via regulation of hepatic glucose flux and insulin sensitivity","volume":"150","author":"Berglund","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.5.9.1538","article-title":"Regulated expression of three C\/EBP isoforms during adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 cells","volume":"5","author":"Cao","year":"1991","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.135.2.8033830","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma: adipose-predominant expression and induction early in adipocyte differentiation","volume":"135","author":"Chawla","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09291","article-title":"Anti-diabetic drugs inhibit obesity-linked phosphorylation of PPARgamma by Cdk5","volume":"466","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3594","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0111","article-title":"Circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 is induced by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists but not ketosis in man","volume":"94","author":"Christodoulides","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6018","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0816","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 corrects obesity in mice","volume":"149","author":"Coskun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.04.054","article-title":"Increased fibroblast growth factor 21 in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"139","author":"Dushay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-0193","article-title":"Obesity is a fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)-resistant state","volume":"59","author":"Fisher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2004.112","article-title":"Control of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 stability and activity by SUMOylation","volume":"12","author":"Floyd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obes. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2010-0142","article-title":"Research resource: comprehensive expression atlas of the fibroblast growth factor system in adult mouse","volume":"24","author":"Fon Tacer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1278","article-title":"Thiazolidinediones expand body fluid volume through PPARgamma stimulation of ENaC-mediated renal salt absorption","volume":"11","author":"Guan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2010.02.001","article-title":"Hepatic FGF21 expression is induced at birth via PPARalpha in response to milk intake and contributes to thermogenic activation of neonatal brown fat","volume":"11","author":"Hondares","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4625","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0119","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 regulates lipolysis in white adipose tissue but is not required for ketogenesis and triglyceride clearance in liver","volume":"150","author":"Hotta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5295.2100","article-title":"Inhibition of adipogenesis through MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of PPARgamma","volume":"274","author":"Hu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.05.003","article-title":"Endocrine regulation of the fasting response by PPARalpha-mediated induction of fibroblast growth factor 21","volume":"5","author":"Inagaki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.05.006","article-title":"Inhibition of growth hormone signaling by the fasting-induced hormone FGF21","volume":"8","author":"Inagaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.07.064","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 reduces the severity of cerulein-induced pancreatitis in mice","volume":"137","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23606","article-title":"FGF-21 as a novel metabolic regulator","volume":"115","author":"Kharitonenkov","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1168","article-title":"The metabolic state of diabetic monkeys is regulated by fibroblast growth factor-21","volume":"148","author":"Kharitonenkov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26687","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M704165200","article-title":"Tissue-specific expression of betaKlotho and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor isoforms determines metabolic activity of FGF19 and FGF21","volume":"282","author":"Kurosu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1709008","article-title":"PPARgamma and C\/EBP factors orchestrate adipocyte biology via adjacent binding on a genome-wide scale","volume":"22","author":"Lefterova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0335","article-title":"Effects of rosiglitazone on fasting plasma fibroblast growth factor-21 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"161","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.09.012","article-title":"Inhibition of lipolysis may contribute to the acute regulation of plasma FFA and glucose by FGF21 in ob\/ob mice","volume":"583","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.06.068","article-title":"PPARalpha is a key regulator of hepatic FGF21","volume":"360","author":"Lund\u00e5sen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1775","article-title":"Free fatty acids link metabolism and regulation of the insulin-sensitizing fibroblast growth factor-21","volume":"58","author":"Mai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20847","article-title":"Molecular determinants of FGF-21 activity-synergy and cross-talk with PPARgamma signaling","volume":"210","author":"Moyers","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.108.044826","article-title":"Adipose fibroblast growth factor 21 is up-regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and altered metabolic states","volume":"74","author":"Muise","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7432","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0701600104","article-title":"BetaKlotho is required for metabolic activity of fibroblast growth factor 21","volume":"104","author":"Ogawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29551","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M403866200","article-title":"Transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is modulated by SUMO-1 modification","volume":"279","author":"Ohshima","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03988","article-title":"A SUMOylation-dependent pathway mediates transrepression of inflammatory response genes by PPAR-gamma","volume":"437","author":"Pascual","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10853","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0904187106","article-title":"FGF21 induces PGC-1alpha and regulates carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism during the adaptive starvation response","volume":"106","author":"Potthoff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30413","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R300017200","article-title":"Glyceroneogenesis and the triglyceride\/fatty acid cycle","volume":"278","author":"Reshef","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80211-7","article-title":"PPAR gamma is required for the differentiation of adipose tissue in\u00a0vivo and in\u00a0vitro","volume":"4","author":"Rosen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.2337\/db09-1878","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 action in the brain increases energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity in obese rats","volume":"59","author":"Sarruf","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/24634","article-title":"Interdomain communication regulating ligand binding by PPAR-gamma","volume":"396","author":"Shao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00240-9","article-title":"Obesity and the regulation of energy balance","volume":"104","author":"Spiegelman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2007-0313","article-title":"betaKlotho is required for fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 signaling through FGF receptor (FGFR) 1c and FGFR3c","volume":"22","author":"Suzuki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.77.061307.091829","article-title":"Fat and beyond: the diverse biology of PPARgamma","volume":"77","author":"Tontonoz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.8.10.1224","article-title":"mPPAR gamma 2: tissue-specific regulator of an adipocyte enhancer","volume":"8","author":"Tontonoz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90006-X","article-title":"Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPAR gamma 2, a lipid-activated transcription factor","volume":"79","author":"Tontonoz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00992-07","article-title":"Identification of a domain within peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma regulating expression of a group of genes containing fibroblast growth factor 21 that are selectively repressed by SIRT1 in adipocytes","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.2337\/db05-1435","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor-21 improves pancreatic beta-cell function and survival by activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1\/2 and Akt signaling pathways","volume":"55","author":"Wente","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.70.1.341","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and metabolic disease","volume":"70","author":"Willson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2350","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.9.19.2350","article-title":"Conditional ectopic expression of C\/EBP beta in NIH-3T3 cells induces PPAR gamma and stimulates adipogenesis","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4128","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.16.8.4128","article-title":"Induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma during the conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipocytes is mediated by C\/EBPbeta, C\/EBPdelta, and glucocorticoids","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI1244","article-title":"PPARgamma induces the insulin-dependent glucose transporter GLUT4 in the absence of C\/EBPalpha during the conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipocytes","volume":"101","author":"Wu","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80306-8","article-title":"Cross-regulation of C\/EBP alpha and PPAR gamma controls the transcriptional pathway of adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity","volume":"3","author":"Wu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0392","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 reverses hepatic steatosis, increases energy expenditure, and improves insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice","volume":"58","author":"Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2443.2004.00786.x","article-title":"The transactivating function of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is negatively regulated by SUMO conjugation in the amino-terminal domain","volume":"9","author":"Yamashita","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genes Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.9.2.168","article-title":"Cascade regulation of terminal adipocyte differentiation by three members of the C\/EBP family of leucine zipper proteins","volume":"9","author":"Yeh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9406","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501744102","article-title":"Collecting duct-specific deletion of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma blocks thiazolidinedione-induced fluid retention","volume":"102","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1476","article-title":"Serum FGF21 levels are increased in obesity and are independently associated with the metabolic syndrome in humans","volume":"57","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bookout, A.L., and Mangelsdorf, D.J. (2003). Quantitative real-time PCR protocol for analysis of nuclear receptor signaling pathways. Nucl. Recept. Signal. 1, e012.","DOI":"10.1621\/nrs.01012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, J.H., Banks, A.S., Estall, J.L., Kajimura, S., Bostr\u00f6m, P., Laznik, D., Ruas, J.L., Chalmers, M.J., Kamenecka, T.M., Bl\u00fcher, M., et\u00a0al. (2010). Anti-diabetic drugs inhibit obesity-linked phosphorylation of PPARgamma by Cdk5. Nature 466, 451\u2013456.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09291"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Folch, J., Lees, M., and Sloane Stanley, G.H. (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226, 497\u2013509.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ram\u00edrez-Zacar\u00edas, J.L., Castro-Mu\u00f1ozledo, F., and Kuri-Harcuch, W. (1992). Quantitation of adipose conversion and triglycerides by staining intracytoplasmic lipids with Oil red O. Histochemistry 97, 493\u2013497.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00316069"}],"container-title":["Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0092867412000086?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0092867412000086?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T11:15:17Z","timestamp":1758798917000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0092867412000086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0092867412000086"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.13865958.15303059","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.13865958.15408095","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0092-8674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0092-8674","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Regulates PPAR\u03b3 Activity and the Antidiabetic Actions of Thiazolidinediones","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.062","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}