{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T19:23:26Z","timestamp":1793388206949,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":387,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"AHA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19PABHI34610000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19PABHI34610000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 014195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 014195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000874","name":"NARSAD","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["27685"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["27685"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000874","name":"NARSAD","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["30421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007911","name":"University of California, San Diego","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG061060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG061060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007911","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007911","name":"University of California, San Diego","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS108034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS108034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007911","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007911","name":"University of California, San Diego","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG056511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG056511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007911","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007911","name":"University of California, San Diego","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG057706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG057706"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007911","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004807","name":"California Department of Fish and Game","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SPP2395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPP2395"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004410","name":"European Molecular Biology Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009239","name":"Horowitz Foundation for Social Policy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009239","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007028","name":"Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007028","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017325","name":"Engineering Research Centers","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020048","name":"Milky Way Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG056306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG056306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"DFG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["500300695"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["500300695"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009670","name":"National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009670","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017767","name":"Robert and Mary Jane Engman Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T10:51:07Z","timestamp":1683802267000},"page":"2111-2126.e20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":282,"title":["An in\u00a0vivo neuroimmune organoid model to study human microglia phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"186","author":[{"given":"Simon T.","family":"Schafer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abed AlFatah","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes C.M.","family":"Schlachetzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Ghassemzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Mar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daphne","family":"Quang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Stumpf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene Santisteban","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Addison J.","family":"Lana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghad","family":"Zaghal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher K.","family":"Glass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Nimmerjahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0938-4106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fred H.","family":"Gage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21123","article-title":"Distribution and differentiation of microglia in the human encephalon during the first two trimesters of gestation","volume":"499","author":"Monier","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/nen.0b013e3180517b46","article-title":"Entry and Distribution of Microglial Cells in Human Embryonic and Fetal Cerebral Cortex","volume":"66","author":"Monier","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib3","first-page":"436","article-title":"Early microglial colonization of the human forebrain and possible involvement in periventricular white-matter injury of preterm infants","volume":"217","author":"Verney","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20315","article-title":"Neuroglial activation and neuroinflammation in the brain of patients with autism","volume":"57","author":"Vargas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.05.024","article-title":"Microglial Activation and Increased Microglial Density Observed in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Autism","volume":"68","author":"Morgan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-012-1513-0","article-title":"Microglia in the Cerebral Cortex in Autism","volume":"42","author":"Tetreault","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.01.019","article-title":"Developmental microglial priming in postmortem autism spectrum disorder temporal cortex","volume":"62","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10110","article-title":"Transcriptomic analysis of autistic brain reveals convergent molecular pathology","volume":"474","author":"Voineagu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5748","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6748","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis reveals dysregulation of innate immune response genes and neuronal activity-dependent genes in autism","volume":"5","author":"Gupta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat8127","article-title":"Transcriptome-wide isoform-level dysregulation in ASD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder","volume":"362","author":"Gandal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.05.014","article-title":"A combination of ontogeny and CNS environment establishes microglial identity","volume":"98","author":"Bennett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal3222","article-title":"An environment-dependent transcriptional network specifies human microglia identity","volume":"356","author":"Gosselin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.018","article-title":"Tissue-Resident Macrophage Enhancer Landscapes Are Shaped by the Local Microenvironment","volume":"159","author":"Lavin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.04.043","article-title":"Diverse Requirements for Microglial Survival, Specification, and Function Revealed by Defined-Medium Cultures","volume":"94","author":"Bohlen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-021-00802-y","article-title":"Long-term maturation of human cortical organoids matches key early postnatal transitions","volume":"24","author":"Gordon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.04.032","article-title":"Brain-Region-Specific Organoids Using Mini-bioreactors for Modeling ZIKV Exposure","volume":"165","author":"Qian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2020.05.013","article-title":"Cellular complexity in brain organoids: Current progress and unsolved issues","volume":"111","author":"Mansour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.03.042","article-title":"iPSC-Derived Human Microglia-like Cells to Study Neurological Diseases","volume":"94","author":"Abud","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.04.023","article-title":"Directed Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Microglia","volume":"8","author":"Douvaras","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.05.017","article-title":"A Highly Efficient Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Microglia Model Displays a Neuronal-Co-culture-Specific Expression Profile and Inflammatory Response","volume":"8","author":"Haenseler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4189","article-title":"Efficient derivation of microglia-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"22","author":"Muffat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4534","article-title":"Differentiation of human and murine induced pluripotent stem cells to microglia-like cells","volume":"20","author":"Pandya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2020.102046","article-title":"Generation of pure monocultures of human microglia-like cells from induced pluripotent stem cells","volume":"49","author":"Banerjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02766","article-title":"Microglia Increase Inflammatory Responses in iPSC-Derived Human BrainSpheres","volume":"9","author":"Abreu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.05.008","article-title":"APOE4 causes widespread molecular and cellular alterations associated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease phenotypes in human iPSC-derived brain cell types","volume":"98","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.07.002","article-title":"Development of a Chimeric Model to Study and Manipulate Human Microglia In\u00a0Vivo","volume":"103","author":"Hasselmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0525-x","article-title":"Stem-cell-derived human microglia transplanted in mouse brain to study human disease","volume":"22","author":"Mancuso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Human iPSC-derived mature microglia retain their identity and functionally integrate in the chimeric mouse brain","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-00447-4","article-title":"Stem-cell-derived human microglia transplanted into mouse brain to study human disease","volume":"16","author":"Fattorelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4127","article-title":"An in\u00a0vivo model of functional and vascularized human brain organoids","volume":"36","author":"Mansour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba5906","article-title":"Human fetal microglia acquire homeostatic immune-sensing properties early in development","volume":"369","author":"Kracht","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0924-x","article-title":"Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of mouse and human microglia at single-cell resolution","volume":"566","author":"Masuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2021.08.015","article-title":"Human microglia states are conserved across experimental models and regulate neural stem cell responses in chimeric organoids","volume":"28","author":"Popova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh194","article-title":"Microglia in the Cerebral Wall of the Human Telencephalon at Second Trimester","volume":"15","author":"Rezaie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25980","article-title":"A single-cell RNA-seq survey of the developmental landscape of the human prefrontal cortex","volume":"555","author":"Zhong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(90)90229-W","article-title":"Heterogeneity in the distribution and morphology of microglia in the normal adult mouse brain","volume":"39","author":"Lawson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-11-12","article-title":"Morphometric characterization of microglial phenotypes in human cerebral cortex","volume":"11","author":"Torres-Platas","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-014-0182-7","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of microglial morphology and density reveals remarkable consistency in the distribution and morphology of cells within the healthy prefrontal cortex of the rat","volume":"11","author":"Kongsui","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0614-7","article-title":"Phenotypic clustering: a novel method for microglial morphology analysis","volume":"13","author":"Verdonk","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib40","unstructured":"Home :: BrainSpan: Atlas of the developing human Brain http:\/\/www.brainspan.org\/"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"aad8670","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad8670","article-title":"Microglia development follows a stepwise program to regulate brain homeostasis","volume":"353","author":"Matcovitch-Natan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2316-7","article-title":"Deciphering human macrophage development at single-cell resolution","volume":"582","author":"Bian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.05.031","article-title":"Comprehensive Integration of Single-Cell Data","volume":"177","author":"Stuart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3554","article-title":"The microglial sensome revealed by direct RNA sequencing","volume":"16","author":"Hickman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0532-y","article-title":"Mapping microglia states in the human brain through the integration of high-dimensional techniques","volume":"22","author":"Sankowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4597","article-title":"Transcriptomic analysis of purified human cortical microglia reveals age-associated changes","volume":"20","author":"Galatro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.11.010","article-title":"Cross-Species Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Divergence of the Primate Microglia Program","volume":"179","author":"Geirsdottir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1110647","article-title":"Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in\u00a0vivo","volume":"308","author":"Nimmerjahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1472","article-title":"ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in\u00a0vivo","volume":"8","author":"Davalos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3306","article-title":"Molecular control of activation and priming in macrophages","volume":"17","author":"Glass","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0295-x","article-title":"Pathological priming causes developmental gene network heterochronicity in autistic subject-derived neurons","volume":"22","author":"Schafer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90116-H","article-title":"Intracerebral grafting: A tool for the neurobiologist","volume":"6","author":"Gage","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/308637a0","article-title":"Denervation releases a neuronal survival factor in adult rat hippocampus","volume":"308","author":"Gage","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(76)91003-9","article-title":"Transplantation of central and peripheral monoamine neurons to the adult rat brain: Techniques and conditions for survival","volume":"114","author":"Stenevi","year":"1976","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0219-18.2018","article-title":"Vascularization and Engraftment of Transplanted Human Cerebral Organoids in Mouse Cortex","volume":"5","author":"Daviaud","year":"2018","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05277-w","article-title":"Maturation and circuit integration of transplanted human cortical organoids","volume":"610","author":"Revah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2016.05.022","article-title":"Stem Cell Models of Human Brain Development","volume":"18","author":"Kelava","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dev166074","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.166074","article-title":"Brain organoids: advances, applications and challenges","volume":"146","author":"Qian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06684-2","article-title":"Microglia innately develop within cerebral organoids","volume":"9","author":"Ormel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.272","article-title":"Microglial activation in young adults with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"70","author":"Suzuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2008.01.012","article-title":"Immune transcriptome alterations in the temporal cortex of subjects with autism","volume":"30","author":"Garbett","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001943","article-title":"A proteomic study of serum from children with autism showing differential expression of apolipoproteins and complement proteins","volume":"12","author":"Corbett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2007.01.012","article-title":"Elevation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in cerebrospinal fluid of autistic children","volume":"36","author":"Chez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2005.03.014","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid and serum markers of inflammation in autism","volume":"33","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e32835ee548","article-title":"Sex differences in autism spectrum disorders","volume":"26","author":"Werling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4301","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo imaging of dendritic pruning in dentate granule cells","volume":"19","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.023","article-title":"Environment Drives Selection and Function of Enhancers Controlling Tissue-Specific Macrophage Identities","volume":"159","author":"Gosselin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3192","article-title":"Spatial reconstruction of single-cell gene expression","volume":"33","author":"Satija","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1874-1","article-title":"Normalization and variance stabilization of single-cell RNA-seq data using regularized negative binomial regression","volume":"20","author":"Hafemeister","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","article-title":"Fast, sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony","volume":"16","author":"Korsunsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-015-0844-5","article-title":"MAST: a flexible statistical framework for assessing transcriptional changes and characterizing heterogeneity in single-cell RNA sequencing data","volume":"16","author":"Finak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-4772-0","article-title":"Slingshot: cell lineage and pseudotime inference for single-cell transcriptomics","volume":"19","author":"Street","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib73","article-title":"genesorteR: Feature ranking in clustered single cell data","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559","article-title":"WGCNA: an R package for weighted correlation network analysis","volume":"9","author":"Langfelder","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Bioinf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00894-z","article-title":"Single-nucleus chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic characterization of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"53","author":"Morabito","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."}],"container-title":["Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S009286742300418X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S009286742300418X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:30:32Z","timestamp":1778632232000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S009286742300418X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S009286742300418X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0092-8674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0092-8674","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An in\u00a0vivo neuroimmune organoid model to study human microglia phenotypes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}