{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T09:05:50Z","timestamp":1790499950041,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,20]],"date-time":"2016-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,11]],"date-time":"2016-06-11T21:36:52Z","timestamp":1465681012000},"page":"2771-2783","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["In\u00a0Vivo HIV-1 Cell-to-Cell Transmission Promotes Multicopy Micro-compartmentalized Infection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kenneth\u00a0M.","family":"Law","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia\u00a0L.","family":"Komarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice\u00a0W.","family":"Yewdall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca\u00a0K.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga\u00a0L.","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Wodarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin\u00a0K.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002634","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002634","article-title":"Cell-cell transmission enables HIV-1 to evade inhibition by potent CD4bs directed antibodies","volume":"8","author":"Abela","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004513","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004513","article-title":"Unique features of HIV-1 spread through T\u00a0cell virological synapses","volume":"10","author":"Alvarez","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000051","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000051","article-title":"The achilles heel of the trojan horse model of HIV-1 trans-infection","volume":"4","author":"Cavrois","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4140","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.7.4140-4149.2005","article-title":"Mechanisms of nonrandom human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and double infection: preference in virus entry is important but is not the sole factor","volume":"79","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12582","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00381-07","article-title":"Predominant mode of human immunodeficiency virus transfer between T\u00a0cells is mediated by sustained Env-dependent neutralization-resistant virological synapses","volume":"81","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7169","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00231-11","article-title":"Multiploid inheritance of HIV-1 during cell-to-cell infection","volume":"85","author":"Del Portillo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.4.2182-2190.1993","article-title":"Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection kinetics","volume":"67","author":"Dimitrov","year":"1993","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12940","article-title":"Cell death by pyroptosis drives CD4 T-cell depletion in HIV-1 infection","volume":"505","author":"Doitsh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7484","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00230-12","article-title":"Neutralization resistance of virological synapse-mediated HIV-1 Infection is regulated by the gp41 cytoplasmic tail","volume":"86","author":"Durham","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/362359a0","article-title":"Massive covert infection of helper T lymphocytes and macrophages by HIV during the incubation period of AIDS","volume":"362","author":"Embretson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318249111","article-title":"Persistent HIV-1 replication is associated with lower antiretroviral drug concentrations in lymphatic tissues","volume":"111","author":"Fletcher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.08.011","article-title":"Cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1 is required to trigger pyroptotic death of lymphoid-tissue-derived CD4 T\u00a0cells","volume":"12","author":"Galloway","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14566","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.26.14566","article-title":"Highly restricted spread of HIV-1 and multiply infected cells within splenic germinal centers","volume":"97","author":"Gratton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12596","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01088-07","article-title":"Sequence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag localization and oligomerization monitored with live confocal imaging of a replication-competent, fluorescently tagged HIV-1","volume":"81","author":"H\u00fcbner","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1167525","article-title":"Quantitative 3D video microscopy of HIV transfer across T\u00a0cell virological synapses","volume":"323","author":"H\u00fcbner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030648","article-title":"HIV-1 cell to cell transfer across an Env-induced, actin-dependent synapse","volume":"199","author":"Jolly","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11199","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1107729108","article-title":"Majority of CD4+ T\u00a0cells from peripheral blood of HIV-1-infected individuals contain only one HIV DNA molecule","volume":"108","author":"Josefsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003432","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003432","article-title":"Single cell analysis of lymph node tissue from HIV-1 infected patients reveals that the majority of CD4+ T-cells contain one HIV-1 DNA molecule","volume":"9","author":"Josefsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1038\/418144a","article-title":"Recombination: Multiply infected spleen cells in HIV patients","volume":"418","author":"Jung","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13589","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03108-12","article-title":"Efficiency of cell-free and cell-associated virus in mucosal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus","volume":"87","author":"Kolodkin-Gal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20121049","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2012.1049","article-title":"Relative contribution of free-virus and synaptic transmission to the spread of HIV-1 through target cell populations","volume":"9","author":"Komarova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4204","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0306764101","article-title":"Dynamics of HIV-1 recombination in its natural target cells","volume":"101","author":"Levy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10108","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.16.10108-10125.2005","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 env clones from acute and early subtype B infections for standardized assessments of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies","volume":"79","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16933","article-title":"Persistent HIV-1 replication maintains the tissue reservoir during therapy","volume":"530","author":"Lorenzo-Redondo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2813","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131244","article-title":"Broadly neutralizing antibodies that inhibit HIV-1 cell to cell transmission","volume":"210","author":"Malbec","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31817ecb31","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro characterization of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 isolates from a recently infected patient associated with dual tropism and rapid disease progression","volume":"48","author":"Mohri","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.09.010","article-title":"Blood-Derived CD4\u00a0T Cells Naturally Resist Pyroptosis during Abortive HIV-1 Infection","volume":"18","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Arias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-166-6_16","article-title":"Multiphoton intravital microscopy to study lymphocyte motility in lymph nodes","volume":"757","author":"Murooka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11398","article-title":"HIV-infected T\u00a0cells are migratory vehicles for viral dissemination","volume":"490","author":"Murooka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1086\/315640","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo cytolysis and fusion of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue","volume":"182","author":"Orenstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9838","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.21.9838","article-title":"Lymphoid organs function as major reservoirs for human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"88","author":"Pantaleo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/362355a0","article-title":"HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease","volume":"362","author":"Pantaleo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI22812","article-title":"Dangerous liaisons at the virological synapse","volume":"114","author":"Piguet","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6234","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00282-09","article-title":"Simultaneous cell-to-cell transmission of human immunodeficiency virus to multiple targets through polysynapses","volume":"83","author":"Rudnicka","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2013.05.005","article-title":"Multiple proviral integration events after virological synapse-mediated HIV-1 spread","volume":"443","author":"Russell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.3390\/v2061306","article-title":"Cell-to-cell spread of retroviruses","volume":"2","author":"Sattentau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab2749","article-title":"Retroviruses use CD169-mediated trans-infection of permissive lymphocytes to establish infection","volume":"350","author":"Sewald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0854.2003.00135.x","article-title":"Visualization of retroviral replication in living cells reveals budding into multivesicular bodies","volume":"4","author":"Sherer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2017","article-title":"Humanized mice in translational biomedical research","volume":"7","author":"Shultz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10347","article-title":"Cell-to-cell spread of HIV permits ongoing replication despite antiretroviral therapy","volume":"477","author":"Sigal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01629-06","article-title":"Inefficient human immunodeficiency virus replication in mobile lymphocytes","volume":"81","author":"Sourisseau","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18541","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1204322109","article-title":"HIV-1 Nef interferes with T-lymphocyte circulation through confined environments in\u00a0vivo","volume":"109","author":"Stolp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6590","DOI":"10.3390\/v7122959","article-title":"HIV-1-induced small T\u00a0cell syncytia can transfer virus particles to target cells through transient contacts","volume":"7","author":"Symeonides","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib44","first-page":"Unit12.28","article-title":"Live imaging of the lung","volume":"Chapter 12","author":"Thornton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Cytom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-10-161","article-title":"Protease inhibitors effectively block cell-to-cell spread of HIV-1 between T\u00a0cells","volume":"10","author":"Titanji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9445","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00835-08","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope gp120 induces a stop signal and virological synapse formation in noninfected CD4+ T\u00a0cells","volume":"82","author":"Vasiliver-Shamis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002732","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002732","article-title":"Human breast milk and antiretrovirals dramatically reduce oral HIV-1 transmission in BLT humanized mice","volume":"8","author":"Wahl","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2010.0266","article-title":"Effect of different modes of viral spread on the dynamics of multiply infected cells in human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"8","author":"Wodarz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53138","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053138","article-title":"Cell-to-cell transmission can overcome multiple donor and target cell barriers imposed on cell-free HIV","volume":"8","author":"Zhong","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Cell Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221112471630657X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221112471630657X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T09:54:00Z","timestamp":1761904440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S221112471630657X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S221112471630657X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-1247"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-1247","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"In\u00a0Vivo HIV-1 Cell-to-Cell Transmission Promotes Multicopy Micro-compartmentalized Infection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.059","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 The Authors.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}