{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:00:57Z","timestamp":1792058457773,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]],"date-time":"2016-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310372"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IF\/00021\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IF\/00021\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IF\/00735\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IF\/00735\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-007660"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-007660"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/96176\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/96176\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T13:15:54Z","timestamp":1481030154000},"page":"2562-2571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":640,"title":["Immunometabolic Pathways in BCG-Induced Trained Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Rob J.W.","family":"Arts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agostinho","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"La Rocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Silvestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanneke","family":"Kleinnijenhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekta","family":"Lachmandas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds G.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Belinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marije","family":"Oosting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo A.B.","family":"Joosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Matarese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinout","family":"van Crevel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai G.","family":"Netea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir240","article-title":"Randomized trial of BCG vaccination at birth to low-birth-weight children: beneficial nonspecific effects in the neonatal period?","volume":"204","author":"Aaby","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12464","article-title":"The Warburg effect in mycobacterial granulomas is dependent on the recruitment and activation of macrophages by interferon-\u03b3","volume":"145","author":"Appelberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.4MA0215-059R","article-title":"Long-term in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo effects of \u03b3-irradiated BCG on innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"98","author":"Arts","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.6AB0914-416R","article-title":"Vitamin A induces inhibitory histone methylation modifications and down-regulates trained immunity in human monocytes","volume":"98","author":"Arts","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182458289","article-title":"Small randomized trial among low-birth-weight children receiving bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin vaccination at first health center contact","volume":"31","author":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9445","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0611662104","article-title":"Metabolic targeting of hypoxia and HIF1 in solid tumors can enhance cytotoxic chemotherapy","volume":"104","author":"Cairns","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250684","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1250684","article-title":"mTOR- and HIF-1\u03b1-mediated aerobic glycolysis as metabolic basis for trained immunity","volume":"345","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3398","article-title":"Broad defects in the energy metabolism of leukocytes underlie immunoparalysis in sepsis","volume":"17","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510330076038","article-title":"Efficacy of BCG vaccine in the prevention of tuberculosis. Meta-analysis of the published literature","volume":"271","author":"Colditz","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24054","article-title":"Metaboloepigenetics: interrelationships between energy metabolism and epigenetic control of gene expression","volume":"227","author":"Donohoe","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib11","first-page":"420","article-title":"Metabolic reprograming in macrophage polarization","volume":"5","author":"Galv\u00e1n-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2782","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00181-6","article-title":"BCG scar and positive tuberculin reaction associated with reduced child mortality in West Africa. A non-specific beneficial effect of BCG?","volume":"21","author":"Garly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2444","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501612","article-title":"Cutting edge: Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces aerobic glycolysis in human alveolar macrophages that is required for control of intracellular bacillary replication","volume":"196","author":"Gleeson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2015.10.002","article-title":"Dysregulated metabolism contributes to oncogenesis","volume":"35","author":"Hirschey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.03.004","article-title":"Influence of metabolism on epigenetics and disease","volume":"153","author":"Kaelin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17537","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1202870109","article-title":"Bacille Calmette-Guerin induces NOD2-dependent nonspecific protection from reinfection via epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes","volume":"109","author":"Kleinnijenhuis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7274.1435","article-title":"Routine vaccinations and child survival: follow up study in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa","volume":"321","author":"Kristensen","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib18","article-title":"Inter-individual variability and genetic influences on cytokine responses to bacteria and fungi","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518000113","article-title":"Proinflammatory signal suppresses proliferation and shifts macrophage metabolism from Myc-dependent to HIF1\u03b1-dependent","volume":"113","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10860","article-title":"IDH mutation impairs histone demethylation and results in a block to cell differentiation","volume":"483","author":"Lu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3555","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv402","article-title":"LDlink: a web-based application for exploring population-specific haplotype structure and linking correlated alleles of possible functional variants","volume":"31","author":"Machiela","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu615","article-title":"Gene expression and cytokine profile\u00a0correlate with mycobacterial growth in a human BCG challenge model","volume":"211","author":"Matsumiya","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.04.006","article-title":"Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense","volume":"9","author":"Netea","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"aaf1098","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf1098","article-title":"Trained immunity: A program of innate immune memory in health and disease","volume":"352","author":"Netea","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-011110-130138","article-title":"Alternative macrophage activation and metabolism","volume":"6","author":"Odegaard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1086\/652871","article-title":"Recognition of Borrelia burgdorferi by NOD2 is central for the induction of an inflammatory reaction","volume":"201","author":"Oosting","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4478","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1410293111","article-title":"Human TLR10 is an anti-inflammatory pattern-recognition receptor","volume":"111","author":"Oosting","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3502","article-title":"Genetic insights into common pathways and complex relationships among immune-mediated diseases","volume":"14","author":"Parkes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242454","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1242454","article-title":"Fueling immunity: insights into metabolism and lymphocyte function","volume":"342","author":"Pearce","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.81.378","article-title":"Increase of NK cells and proinflammatory monocytes are associated with the clinical improvement of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis after immunochemotherapy with BCG\/Leishmania antigens","volume":"81","author":"Pereira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M110.000976","article-title":"Uncovering the human methyltransferasome","volume":"10","author":"Petrossian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.06.006","article-title":"Candida albicans infection affords protection against reinfection via functional reprogramming of monocytes","volume":"12","author":"Quintin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh392","article-title":"BCG vaccination scar associated with better childhood survival in Guinea-Bissau","volume":"34","author":"Roth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2007.00669.x","article-title":"Potential health effects from non-specific stimulation of the immune function in early age: the example of BCG vaccination","volume":"19","author":"Rousseau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251086","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1251086","article-title":"Epigenetic programming of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and trained innate immunity","volume":"345","author":"Saeed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01848.x","article-title":"Treatment of common and plane warts in children with topical viable Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","volume":"30","author":"Salem","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18176","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18176","article-title":"Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces the Warburg effect in mouse lungs","volume":"5","author":"Shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6082","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402469","article-title":"Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 participates in macrophage polarization via regulating glucose metabolism","volume":"194","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11986","article-title":"Succinate is an inflammatory signal that induces IL-1\u03b2 through HIF-1\u03b1","volume":"496","author":"Tannahill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03132.x","article-title":"The role of BCG\/PPD-activated macrophages in resistance against systemic candidiasis in mice","volume":"36","author":"van \u2019t Wout","year":"1992","journal-title":"Scand. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.8.6.519","article-title":"The metabolism of tumors in the body","volume":"8","author":"Warburg","year":"1927","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.191056.112","article-title":"Inhibition of \u03b1-KG-dependent histone and DNA demethylases by fumarate and succinate that are accumulated in mutations of FH and SDH tumor suppressors","volume":"26","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1200894","article-title":"Tuberculosis","volume":"368","author":"Zumla","year":"2013","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."}],"container-title":["Cell Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211124716315522?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211124716315522?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T10:01:06Z","timestamp":1761904866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211124716315522"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S2211124716315522"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.727082625.793546155","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2211-1247"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-1247","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Immunometabolic Pathways in BCG-Induced Trained Immunity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}