{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:38:55Z","timestamp":1787240335189,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]],"date-time":"2017-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007820","name":"Alliance for Lupus Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007820","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004774","name":"New England Biolabs","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002193","name":"Lupus Foundation of America","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002193","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005946","name":"The Jackson Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NIH"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"NIAID","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Pyewacket Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,3]],"date-time":"2017-10-03T21:03:45Z","timestamp":1507064625000},"page":"208-221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Precocious Interleukin 21 Expression in Naive Mice Identifies a Natural Helper Cell Population in Autoimmune Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Elisabeth A.","family":"Marnik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xulong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Sproule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giljun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Christianson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah Kate","family":"Lane-Reticker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shweta","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongsheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory W.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Herbert C.","family":"Morse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derry C.","family":"Roopenian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.4.2340","article-title":"The role of ICOS in the CXCR5+ follicular B helper T\u00a0cell maintenance in\u00a0vivo","volume":"175","author":"Akiba","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301284","article-title":"B cell antigen presentation in the initiation of follicular helper T\u00a0cell and germinal center differentiation","volume":"192","author":"Barnett","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2948","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301173","article-title":"The cellular source and target of IL-21 in K\/BxN autoimmune arthritis","volume":"191","author":"Block","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501904","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Regulates K\/BxN Autoimmune Arthritis through Follicular Helper T but Not Th17 Cells","volume":"196","author":"Block","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807309106","article-title":"A critical role for IL-21 receptor signaling in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus in BXSB-Yaa mice","volume":"106","author":"Bubier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102948","article-title":"A regulatory role for IL-10 receptor signaling in development and B\u00a0cell help of T follicular helper cells in mice","volume":"189","author":"Cai","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0144654","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144654","article-title":"IFN-\u03b3 and IL-21 Double Producing T Cells Are Bcl6-Independent and Survive into the Memory Phase in Plasmodium chabaudi Infection","volume":"10","author":"Carpio","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.03.023","article-title":"ICOS receptor instructs T follicular helper cell versus effector cell differentiation via induction of the transcriptional repressor Bcl6","volume":"34","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3226","article-title":"LEF-1 and TCF-1 orchestrate T(FH) differentiation by regulating differentiation circuits upstream of the transcriptional repressor Bcl6","volume":"16","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.5.2827","article-title":"IL-21 is produced by NKT cells and modulates NKT cell activation and cytokine production","volume":"178","author":"Coquet","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.10.004","article-title":"T follicular helper cell differentiation, function, and roles in disease","volume":"41","author":"Crotty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.07.005","article-title":"Type I interferon signaling in dendritic cells stimulates the development of lymph-node-resident T follicular helper cells","volume":"31","author":"Cucak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2014.12.047","article-title":"The role of IL-21 in immunity and cancer","volume":"358","author":"Davis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17739","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017739","article-title":"IL-21 and IL-6 are critical for different aspects of B cell immunity and redundantly induce optimal follicular helper CD4 T\u00a0cell (Tfh) differentiation","volume":"6","author":"Eto","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00631.x","article-title":"The role of IL-21 in regulating B-cell function in health and disease","volume":"223","author":"Ettinger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100853","article-title":"Cutting edge: dendritic cell-restricted antigen presentation initiates the follicular helper T\u00a0cell program but cannot complete ultimate effector differentiation","volume":"187","author":"Goenka","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2938","article-title":"The self-obsession of T\u00a0cells: how TCR signaling thresholds affect fate \u2018decisions\u2019 and effector function","volume":"15","author":"Hogquist","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.07.009","article-title":"Recognition of the peripheral self by naturally arising CD25+ CD4+ T\u00a0cell receptors","volume":"21","author":"Hsieh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38658","article-title":"Interleukin-21-producing c-Maf-expressing CD4+ T\u00a0cells induce effector CD8+ T\u00a0cells and enhance autoimmune inflammation in scurfy mice","volume":"66","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.07.021","article-title":"IL-21-driven neoplasms in SJL mice mimic some key features of human angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","volume":"185","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4649","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0804350","article-title":"A positive feedback loop of IL-21 signaling provoked by homeostatic CD4+CD25- T\u00a0cell expansion is essential for the development of arthritis in autoimmune K\/BxN mice","volume":"182","author":"Jang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2015.06.008","article-title":"Natural Th17 cells are critically regulated by functional medullary thymic microenvironments","volume":"63","author":"Jenkinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175870","article-title":"Bcl6 and Blimp-1 are reciprocal and antagonistic regulators of T follicular helper cell differentiation","volume":"325","author":"Johnston","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.04.018","article-title":"Thymus-Derived Regulatory T Cells Are Positively Selected on Natural Self-Antigen through Cognate Interactions of High Functional Avidity","volume":"44","author":"Kieback","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80045-X","article-title":"From systemic T\u00a0cell self-reactivity to organ-specific autoimmune disease via immunoglobulins","volume":"10","author":"Korganow","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132710","article-title":"IL-17 and Th17 Cells","volume":"27","author":"Korn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81989-3","article-title":"Organ-specific disease provoked by systemic autoimmunity","volume":"87","author":"Kouskoff","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20102065","article-title":"B cell priming for extrafollicular antibody responses requires Bcl-6 expression by T\u00a0cells","volume":"208","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt087","volume":"29","author":"Leng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-323","article-title":"RSEM: accurate transcript quantification from RNA-Seq data with or without a reference genome","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/ni906","article-title":"Aire regulates negative selection of organ-specific T\u00a0cells","volume":"4","author":"Liston","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20120219","article-title":"Bcl6 expression specifies the T follicular helper cell program in\u00a0vivo","volume":"209","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12910","article-title":"Transcription factor achaete-scute homologue 2 initiates follicular T-helper-cell development","volume":"507","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.009","article-title":"Aire Enforces Immune Tolerance by Directing Autoreactive T Cells into the Regulatory T Cell Lineage","volume":"44","author":"Malchow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.04.025","article-title":"Regulatory T Cells: A Crisis Averted","volume":"44","author":"Malhotra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1783","article-title":"Thymic self-reactivity selects natural interleukin 17-producing T\u00a0cells that can regulate peripheral inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Marks","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.01.021","article-title":"A subset of interleukin-21+ chemokine receptor CCR9+ T helper cells target accessory organs of the digestive system in autoimmunity","volume":"34","author":"McGuire","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4581","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300439","article-title":"IL-21 is a double-edged sword in the systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease of BXSB.Yaa mice","volume":"191","author":"McPhee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2011.03547.x","article-title":"T-cell receptor affinity in thymic development","volume":"135","author":"Moran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300675","article-title":"Type I IFN induces binding of STAT1 to Bcl6: divergent roles of STAT family\u00a0transcription factors in the T follicular helper cell genetic program","volume":"192","author":"Nakayamada","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05969","article-title":"Essential autocrine regulation by IL-21 in the generation of inflammatory T\u00a0cells","volume":"448","author":"Nurieva","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1176676","article-title":"Bcl6 mediates the development of T\u00a0follicular helper cells","volume":"325","author":"Nurieva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080840","article-title":"ICOS-dependent extrafollicular helper T\u00a0cells elicit IgG production via IL-21 in systemic autoimmunity","volume":"205","author":"Odegard","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16264","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1207528109","article-title":"Development of promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger-expressing innate CD4 T\u00a0cells requires stronger T-cell receptor signals than conventional CD4 T\u00a0cells","volume":"109","author":"Qiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3650","article-title":"FOXP3 and scurfy: how it all began","volume":"14","author":"Ramsdell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.02.005","article-title":"Transcription factor STAT3 and type I interferons are corepressive insulators for differentiation of follicular helper and T helper 1 cells","volume":"40","author":"Ray","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4296","article-title":"Interleukin-21: a double-edged sword with therapeutic potential","volume":"13","author":"Spolski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.01.017","article-title":"ICOS coreceptor signaling inactivates the transcription factor FOXO1 to promote Tfh cell differentiation","volume":"42","author":"Stone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.03.013","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Drive Autoimmune Arthritis by Promoting Differentiation and Migration of Peyer\u2019s Patch T Follicular Helper Cells","volume":"44","author":"Teng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2890","article-title":"The transcription factor Foxp1 is a critical negative regulator of the differentiation of follicular helper T\u00a0cells","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20141432","article-title":"ICOS maintains the T follicular helper cell phenotype by down-regulating Kr\u00fcppel-like factor 2","volume":"212","author":"Weber","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34605","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M705100200","article-title":"IL-21 is produced by Th17 cells and drives IL-17 production in a STAT3-dependent manner","volume":"282","author":"Wei","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.12.006","article-title":"Regulatory T\u00a0cells control antigen-specific expansion of Tfh cell number and humoral immune responses via the coreceptor CTLA-4","volume":"41","author":"Wing","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.06.001","article-title":"Gut-residing segmented filamentous bacteria drive autoimmune arthritis via T helper 17 cells","volume":"32","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3522","article-title":"Affinity for self antigen selects Treg cells with distinct functional properties","volume":"17","author":"Wyss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3229","article-title":"The transcription factor TCF-1 initiates the differentiation of T(FH) cells during acute viral infection","volume":"16","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00232","article-title":"Peripherally induced tregs - role in immune homeostasis and autoimmunity","volume":"4","author":"Yadav","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa7017","article-title":"Immune tolerance. Regulatory T\u00a0cells generated early in life play a distinct role in maintaining self-tolerance","volume":"348","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.07.002","article-title":"The transcriptional repressor Bcl-6 directs T follicular helper cell lineage commitment","volume":"31","author":"Yu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903505","article-title":"Germinal center T follicular helper cell IL-4 production is dependent on signaling lymphocytic activation molecule receptor (CD150)","volume":"185","author":"Yusuf","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."}],"container-title":["Cell Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211124717313116?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211124717313116?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T10:12:16Z","timestamp":1761905536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211124717313116"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S2211124717313116"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-1247"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-1247","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Precocious Interleukin 21 Expression in Naive Mice Identifies a Natural Helper Cell Population in Autoimmune Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.036","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 The Authors.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}