{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:13:45Z","timestamp":1791839625654,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T09:49:30Z","timestamp":1612345770000},"page":"108692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Image luminance changes contrast sensitivity in visual cortex"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Hamed","family":"Rahimi-Nasrabadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzhong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reece","family":"Mazade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Pons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohrab","family":"Najafian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose-Manuel","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1982.48.1.217","article-title":"Striate cortex of monkey and cat: contrast response function","volume":"48","author":"Albrecht","year":"1982","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015092","article-title":"Spatial contrast adaptation characteristics of neurones recorded in the cat\u2019s visual cortex","volume":"347","author":"Albrecht","year":"1984","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53552","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.53552","article-title":"Separable gain control of ongoing and evoked activity in the visual cortex by serotonergic input","volume":"9","author":"Azimi","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.36.000624","article-title":"Contrast thresholds of the human eye","volume":"36","author":"Blackwell","year":"1946","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Opt. Soc. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00113-8","article-title":"Neuronal basis of contrast discrimination","volume":"39","author":"Boynton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1163\/156856897X00357","article-title":"The Psychophysics Toolbox","volume":"10","author":"Brainard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spat Vis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130701306413","article-title":"Text - background polarity affects performance irrespective of ambient illumination and colour contrast","volume":"50","author":"Buchner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.26.000157","article-title":"Color and spatial structure in natural scenes","volume":"26","author":"Burton","year":"1987","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2350","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.11.002350","article-title":"Histogram contrast analysis and the visual segregation of IID textures","volume":"11","author":"Chubb","year":"1994","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Opt. Soc. Am. A Opt. Image Sci. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2004.07.019","article-title":"A visual mechanism tuned to black","volume":"44","author":"Chubb","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18084","article-title":"Comparing the Shape of Contrast Sensitivity Functions for Normal and Low Vision","volume":"57","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12746","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12746","article-title":"A normalized contrast-encoding model exhibits bright\/dark asymmetries similar to early visual neurons","volume":"4","author":"Cooper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004268","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004268","article-title":"Predicting cortical dark\/bright asymmetries from natural image statistics and early visual transforms","volume":"11","author":"Cooper","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr133","article-title":"Representation of surface luminance and contrast in primary visual cortex","volume":"22","author":"Dai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501233102","article-title":"Night blindness and abnormal cone electroretinogram ON responses in patients with mutations in the GRM6 gene encoding mGluR6","volume":"102","author":"Dryja","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.4.002379","article-title":"Relations between the statistics of natural images and the response properties of cortical cells","volume":"4","author":"Field","year":"1987","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Opt. Soc. Am. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2005.06.038","article-title":"Local luminance and contrast in natural images","volume":"46","author":"Frazor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.07.016","article-title":"Contrast adaptation and representation in human early visual cortex","volume":"47","author":"Gardner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5063","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0835-07.2007","article-title":"Responses of neurons in primary visual cortex to transient changes in local contrast and luminance","volume":"27","author":"Geisler","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy221","article-title":"Cortical Balance Between ON and OFF Visual Responses Is Modulated by the Spatial Properties of the Visual Stimulus","volume":"29","author":"Jansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00150.2018","article-title":"Local tuning biases in mouse primary visual cortex","volume":"120","author":"Jimenez","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17471","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2456-11.2011","article-title":"Faster thalamocortical processing for dark than light visual targets","volume":"31","author":"Jin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2029","article-title":"On and off domains of geniculate afferents in cat primary visual cortex","volume":"11","author":"Jin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(91)90152-U","article-title":"A model for contrast discrimination with incremental and decremental test patches","volume":"31","author":"Kingdom","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13529","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13529","article-title":"Functional implications of orientation maps in primary visual cortex","volume":"7","author":"Koch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8654","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0504-11.2011","article-title":"Darks are processed faster than lights","volume":"31","author":"Komban","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.02.020","article-title":"Neuronal and perceptual differences in the temporal processing of darks and lights","volume":"82","author":"Komban","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-091517-034122","article-title":"Thalamocortical Circuits and Functional Architecture","volume":"4","author":"Kremkow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1310442111","article-title":"Neuronal nonlinearity explains greater visual spatial resolution for darks than lights","volume":"111","author":"Kremkow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17936","article-title":"Principles underlying sensory map topography in primary visual cortex","volume":"533","author":"Kremkow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-1981-9-1040","article-title":"A simple coding procedure enhances a neuron\u2019s information capacity","volume":"36","author":"Laughlin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Z.\u00a0Naturforsch. C Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17941","article-title":"Topology of ON and OFF inputs in visual cortex enables an invariant columnar architecture","volume":"533","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4262","article-title":"Asymmetry of Drosophila ON and OFF motion detectors enhances real-world velocity estimation","volume":"19","author":"Leonhardt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2007.12.009","article-title":"Crowding--an essential bottleneck for object recognition: a mini-review","volume":"48","author":"Levi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-018-0066-y","article-title":"Motion changes response balance between ON and OFF visual pathways","volume":"1","author":"Luo-Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1556","article-title":"Independence of luminance and contrast in natural scenes and in the early visual system","volume":"8","author":"Mante","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.05.007","article-title":"Functional Specialization of ON and OFF Cortical Pathways for Global-Slow and Local-Fast Vision","volume":"27","author":"Mazade","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.5.1590","article-title":"Segregation of on- and off-center afferents in mink visual cortex","volume":"81","author":"McConnell","year":"1984","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9145","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1151-19.2019","article-title":"Diversity of Ocular Dominance Patterns in Visual Cortex Originates from Variations in Local Cortical Retinotopy","volume":"39","author":"Najafian","year":"2019","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(00)00006-7","article-title":"Texture luminance judgments are approximately veridical","volume":"40","author":"Nam","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)91527-6","article-title":"ON and OFF regions in layer IV of striate cortex","volume":"327","author":"Norton","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1038\/298266a0","article-title":"Contrast gain control in the cat visual cortex","volume":"298","author":"Ohzawa","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.01.004","article-title":"Independent encoding of grating motion across stationary feature maps in primary visual cortex visualized with voltage-sensitive dye imaging","volume":"55","author":"Onat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib43","first-page":"187","article-title":"The design of a new letter chart for measuring contrast sensitivity","volume":"2","author":"Pelli","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib44","first-page":"5","article-title":"Neuronal mechanisms underlying differences in spatial resolution between darks and lights in human vision","volume":"17","author":"Pons","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17368","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005846107","article-title":"Retina is structured to process an excess of darkness in natural scenes","volume":"107","author":"Ratliff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3235-15.2016","article-title":"Temporal Asymmetry in Dark-Bright Processing Initiates Propagating Activity across Primary Visual Cortex","volume":"36","author":"Rekauzke","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib47","series-title":"Vision and Visual Perception","article-title":"Visual acuity","volume":"Chapter 11","author":"Riggs","year":"1965"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00558.2013","article-title":"Genetic disruption of the On visual pathway affects cortical orientation selectivity and contrast sensitivity in mice","volume":"111","author":"Sarnaik","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/297580a0","article-title":"Central connections of the retinal ON and OFF pathways","volume":"297","author":"Schiller","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1038\/322824a0","article-title":"Functions of the ON and OFF channels of the visual system","volume":"322","author":"Schiller","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib51","series-title":"Retinal Research","first-page":"263","article-title":"Visual adaptation and retinal gain controls","author":"Shapley","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.04-02-00381.1984","article-title":"Receptive field properties in the cat\u2019s area 17 in the absence of on-center geniculate input","volume":"4","author":"Sherk","year":"1984","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.21.2.165","article-title":"The Relation between Visual Acuity and Illumination","volume":"21","author":"Shlaer","year":"1937","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1966.sp008007","article-title":"Decremental and incremental visual thresholds","volume":"185","author":"Short","year":"1966","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.10.019","article-title":"Modular Representation of Luminance Polarity in the Superficial Layers of Primary Visual Cortex","volume":"88","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(00)00166-8","article-title":"Calculating the contrasts that retinal ganglion cells and LGN neurones encounter in natural scenes","volume":"40","author":"Tadmor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(83)90200-6","article-title":"The statistical reliability of signals in single neurons in cat and monkey visual cortex","volume":"23","author":"Tolhurst","year":"1983","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0303","article-title":"Independent component filters of natural images compared with simple cells in primary visual cortex","volume":"265","author":"van Hateren","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12966","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12966","article-title":"Neurons in primary visual cortex represent distribution of luminance","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3878","article-title":"Columnar organization of spatial phase in visual cortex","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(86)90055-6","article-title":"Increments and decrements: luminance discrimination","volume":"26","author":"Whittle","year":"1986","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(92)90205-W","article-title":"Brightness, discriminability and the \u201ccrispening effect\u201d","volume":"32","author":"Whittle","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1314690111","article-title":"Cortical brightness adaptation when darkness and brightness produce different dynamical states in the visual cortex","volume":"111","author":"Xing","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2226","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3740-14.2015","article-title":"Brightness-color interactions in human early visual cortex","volume":"35","author":"Xing","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11753","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1991-09.2009","article-title":"\u201cBlack\u201d responses dominate macaque primary visual cortex v1","volume":"29","author":"Yeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1988.59.5.1410","article-title":"Segregation of ON and OFF afferents to ferret visual cortex","volume":"59","author":"Zahs","year":"1988","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurophysiol."}],"container-title":["Cell Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221112472100005X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221112472100005X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T11:11:32Z","timestamp":1761909092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S221112472100005X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S221112472100005X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-1247"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-1247","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Image luminance changes contrast sensitivity in visual cortex","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108692"}}