{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:12:32Z","timestamp":1792059152207,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY005253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY005253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T15:37:08Z","timestamp":1771342628000},"page":"116938","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Human accommodative visuomotor function is driven by contrast through ON and OFF pathways and is enhanced in myopia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Urusha","family":"Maharjan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Rahimi-Nasrabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Poudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzaneh","family":"Olianezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzhong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell W.","family":"Dul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose-Manuel","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1938.121.2.400","article-title":"The response of single optic nerve fibers of the vertebrate eye to illumination of the retina","volume":"121","author":"Hartline","year":"1938","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Legacy Content"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(92)90017-3","article-title":"The ON and OFF channels of the visual system","volume":"15","author":"Schiller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-091517-034122","article-title":"Thalamocortical circuits and functional architecture","volume":"4","author":"Kremkow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-07-02645.2003","article-title":"Different circuits for ON and OFF retinal ganglion cells cause different contrast sensitivities","volume":"23","author":"Zaghloul","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1310442111","article-title":"Neuronal nonlinearity explains greater visual spatial resolution for darks than lights","volume":"111","author":"Kremkow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-07-02737.2002","article-title":"Functional asymmetries in ON and OFF ganglion cells of primate retina","volume":"22","author":"Chichilnisky","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1167\/17.14.5","article-title":"Neuronal mechanisms underlying differences in spatial resolution between darks and lights in human vision","volume":"17","author":"Pons","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1487-23.2023","article-title":"Contrast sensitivity of ON and OFF human retinal pathways in myopia","volume":"44","author":"Poudel","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108692","article-title":"Image luminance changes contrast sensitivity in visual cortex","volume":"34","author":"Rahimi-Nasrabadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6246","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2946-20.2021","article-title":"Stimulus contrast affects spatial integration in the lateral geniculate nucleus of macaque monkeys","volume":"41","author":"Archer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111438","article-title":"Cortical mechanisms of visual brightness","volume":"40","author":"Mazade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.05.007","article-title":"Functional specialization of ON and OFF cortical pathways for global-slow and local-fast vision","volume":"27","author":"Mazade","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy221","article-title":"Cortical balance between ON and OFF visual responses is modulated by the spatial properties of the visual stimulus","volume":"29","author":"Jansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2024.04.058","article-title":"Binocular receptive-field construction in the primary visual cortex","volume":"34","author":"Olianezhad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.06.094","article-title":"Spatial modulation of dark versus bright stimulus responses in the mouse visual system","volume":"31","author":"Williams","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17936","article-title":"Principles underlying sensory map topography in primary visual cortex","volume":"533","author":"Kremkow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12060789","article-title":"Clinical and genetic characteristics of Korean congenital stationary night blindness patients","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501233102","article-title":"Night blindness and abnormal cone electroretinogram ON responses in patients with mutations in the GRM6 gene encoding mGluR6","volume":"102","author":"Dryja","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.06.009","article-title":"ON pathway mutations increase susceptibility to form-deprivation myopia","volume":"137","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.9.29","article-title":"Relative role of ON\/OFF pathways in resolving and adapting to blur in myopes and emmetropes","volume":"66","author":"Hoseini-Yazdi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.13.5","article-title":"Retinal OFF-pathway overstimulation leads to greater accommodation-induced choroidal thinning","volume":"62","author":"Hoseini-Yazdi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38192-9","article-title":"Impact of text contrast polarity on the retinal activity in myopes and emmetropes using modified pattern ERG","volume":"13","author":"Wagner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112500","article-title":"Optical defocus affects differently ON and OFF visual pathways","volume":"28","author":"Pons","year":"2025","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1999.00437.x","article-title":"Response AC\/A ratios are elevated in myopic children","volume":"19","author":"Gwiazda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib25","first-page":"1737","article-title":"Parameters of accommodative and vergence systems and the development of late-onset myopia","volume":"36","author":"Jiang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OPX.0000159363.07082.7D","article-title":"Accommodation, accommodative convergence, and response AC\/A ratios before and at the onset of myopia in children","volume":"82","author":"Gwiazda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19093","article-title":"The response AC\/A ratio before and after the onset of myopia","volume":"58","author":"Mutti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib28","first-page":"225","article-title":"Effect of a near-vision task on the response AC\/A of a myopic population","volume":"7","author":"Rosenfield","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib29","first-page":"2469","article-title":"AC\/A ratio, age, and refractive error in children","volume":"41","author":"Mutti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-9235.1996.tb04453.x","article-title":"Clinical findings before the onset of myopia in youth: 3. Heterophoria","volume":"73","author":"Goss","year":"1996","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-9235.1991.tb02679.x","article-title":"Clinical accommodation and heterophoria findings preceding juvenile onset of myopia","volume":"68","author":"Goss","year":"1991","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28904-x","article-title":"Reading and myopia: Contrast polarity matters","volume":"8","author":"Aleman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010875","article-title":"Myopia and near work: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Dutheil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.1990.tb00972.x","article-title":"Topology of the near response triad","volume":"10","author":"Myers","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(95)80104-9","article-title":"Neuronal circuitry controlling the near response","volume":"5","author":"Mays","year":"1995","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib36","first-page":"690","article-title":"Myopic children show insufficient accommodative response to blur","volume":"34","author":"Gwiazda","year":"1993","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib37","first-page":"145","article-title":"The effect of refractive error on the accommodative response gradient","volume":"6","author":"McBrien","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib38","first-page":"353","article-title":"Disparity-induced accommodation in late-onset myopia","volume":"8","author":"Rosenfield","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3282","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.420334","article-title":"Binocular dynamics of accommodation, convergence, and pupil size in myopes","volume":"12","author":"Ghoushchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(78)90201-8","article-title":"Binocular eye movements during accommodative vergence","volume":"18","author":"Kenyon","year":"1978","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1167\/9.11.4","article-title":"Accommodative and vergence responses to conflicting blur and disparity stimuli during development","volume":"9","author":"Bharadwaj","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1167\/jov.23.4.3","article-title":"Differences in visual stimulation between reading and walking and implications for myopia development","volume":"23","author":"Poudel","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111003","article-title":"Divergent outer retinal circuits drive image and non-image visual behaviors","volume":"39","author":"Beier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2020.05.005","article-title":"The repeatability and reproducibility of four techniques for measuring horizontal heterophoria: Implications for clinical practice","volume":"14","author":"Anstice","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Optom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1080\/00140138408963599","article-title":"Transient myopia after visual work","volume":"27","author":"Jaschinski-Kruza","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1076\/ceyr.24.4.289.8418","article-title":"Nearwork induced transient myopia during myopia progression","volume":"24","author":"Vera-D\u00edaz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib47","first-page":"381","article-title":"Cognitive demand and transient nearwork-induced myopia","volume":"71","author":"Rosenfield","year":"1994","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.04.012","article-title":"A pupillary contrast response in mice and humans: Neural mechanisms and visual functions","volume":"112","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1672-22.2022","article-title":"Luminance contrast shifts dominance balance between ON and OFF pathways in human vision","volume":"43","author":"Rahimi-Nasrabadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004268","article-title":"Predicting cortical dark\/bright asymmetries from natural image statistics and early visual transforms","volume":"11","author":"Cooper","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.02.020","article-title":"Neuronal and perceptual differences in the temporal processing of darks and lights","volume":"82","author":"Komban","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2029","article-title":"On and off domains of geniculate afferents in cat primary visual cortex","volume":"11","author":"Jin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.08.008","article-title":"Homeostasis of eye growth and the question of myopia","volume":"43","author":"Wallman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2024.108402","article-title":"Mechanisms of emmetropization and what might go wrong in myopia","volume":"220","author":"Schaeffel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M31","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25967","article-title":"IMI - Report on experimental models of emmetropization and myopia","volume":"60","author":"Troilo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.12.014","article-title":"Investigating mechanisms of myopia in mice","volume":"114","author":"Pardue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/266066a0","article-title":"Myopia and eye enlargement after neonatal lid fusion in monkeys","volume":"266","author":"Wiesel","year":"1977","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(88)90113-7","article-title":"Accommodation, refractive error and eye growth in chickens","volume":"28","author":"Schaeffel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.12.002","article-title":"The multifunctional choroid","volume":"29","author":"Nickla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(94)00233-C","article-title":"Choroidal and scleral mechanisms of compensation for spectacle lenses in chicks","volume":"35","author":"Wildsoet","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib61","first-page":"1249","article-title":"Choroidal thickness changes during altered eye growth and refractive state in a primate","volume":"41","author":"Troilo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1991.32","article-title":"Temperature modulating action of choroidal blood flow","volume":"5","author":"Parver","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.12.001","article-title":"Neural control of choroidal blood flow","volume":"64","author":"Reiner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib64","first-page":"2483","article-title":"Control of choroidal blood flow by the nucleus of Edinger-Westphal in pigeons: a laser Doppler study","volume":"31","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"1990","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800008555","article-title":"Central neural circuits for the light-mediated reflexive control of choroidal blood flow in the pigeon eye: a laser Doppler study","volume":"13","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"1996","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib66","first-page":"2678","article-title":"Subfoveal choroidal blood flow in response to light-dark exposure","volume":"41","author":"Longo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2919","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(01)00171-7","article-title":"Unilateral light-dark transitions affect choroidal blood flow in both eyes","volume":"41","author":"Fuchsj\u00e4ger-Mayrl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5314","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20186","article-title":"Melanopsin phototransduction contributes to light-evoked choroidal expansion and rod L-type calcium channel function in vivo","volume":"57","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12609","article-title":"Regional alterations in human choroidal thickness in response to short-term monocular hemifield myopic defocus","volume":"39","author":"Hoseini-Yazdi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(92)90170-N","article-title":"Absence of pupil response to blur-driven accommodation","volume":"32","author":"Phillips","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(91)90117-N","article-title":"Accommodation without pupillary constriction","volume":"31","author":"Stakenburg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019515","article-title":"Inter-individual variability in the dynamics of natural accommodation in humans: Relation to age and refractive errors","volume":"461","author":"Schaeffel","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(03)00290-2","article-title":"Superior underwater vision in a human population of sea gypsies","volume":"13","author":"Gisl\u00e9n","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.13.12.6","article-title":"Visual quality and accommodation with novel optical designs for myopia control","volume":"13","author":"Aissati","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0956","article-title":"In a matter of minutes, the eye can know which way to grow","volume":"46","author":"Zhu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001410","article-title":"A 3-year randomized clinical trial of MiSight lenses for myopia control","volume":"96","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2023.2097","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of 0.01% and 0.02% atropine for the treatment of pediatric myopia progression over 3 years: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"141","author":"Zadnik","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1227787","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy and safety of different doses of atropine for myopic control in children: A meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Hou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2021-321005","article-title":"Control of myopia using diffusion optics spectacle lenses: 12-month results of a randomised controlled, efficacy and safety study (CYPRESS)","volume":"107","author":"Rappon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.12.019","article-title":"Outdoor activity reduces the prevalence of myopia in children","volume":"115","author":"Rose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12576-022-00849-x","article-title":"Pupil-linked arousal with very light exercise: Pattern of pupil dilation during graded exercise","volume":"72","author":"Kuwamizu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13289","article-title":"Pupil fluctuations track rapid changes in adrenergic and cholinergic activity in cortex","volume":"7","author":"Reimer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1163\/156856897X00357","article-title":"The Psychophysics Toolbox","volume":"10","author":"Brainard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spat. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib83","article-title":"Modular streaming pipeline of eye\/head tracking data using Tobii Pro Glasses 3","author":"Nasrabadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938_bib84","series-title":"Optics of the Human Eye","first-page":"99","article-title":"Chapter 11\u2014Light and the eye: Introduction","author":"Atchison","year":"2000"}],"container-title":["Cell Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211124726000161?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211124726000161?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T04:48:52Z","timestamp":1777092532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211124726000161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S2211124726000161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-1247"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-1247","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Human accommodative visuomotor function is driven by contrast through ON and OFF pathways and is enhanced in myopia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.116938","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116938"}}