{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:33:05Z","timestamp":1761561185920,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,1]],"date-time":"2007-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1188604800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,1]],"date-time":"2007-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1188604800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cghjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,6]],"date-time":"2007-09-06T16:41:48Z","timestamp":1189096908000},"page":"1010-1017","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Dermatologic Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Helen M.","family":"Shields","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kitt","family":"Shaffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"O\u2019Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Travers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane N.","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laren S.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory Y.","family":"Lauwers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib1","series-title":"Fitzpatrick\u2019s Dermatology in general medicine","first-page":"596","article-title":"Inherited epidermolysis bullosa","author":"Marinkovich","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib2","series-title":"Dermatology","first-page":"491","article-title":"Epidermolysis Bullosa","author":"Fine","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib3","series-title":"Fitzpatrick\u2019s Dermatology in general medicine","first-page":"1609","article-title":"The skin and disorders of the alimentary tract and the hepatobiliary system","author":"Johnston","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib4","series-title":"Textbook of gastroenterology","first-page":"992","article-title":"Skin lesions associated with gastrointestinal diseases","author":"Jorizzo","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib5","first-page":"339","article-title":"Oral disease and oral manifestations of gastrointestinal and liver diseases","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Mirowski","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1086\/302116","article-title":"Novel ITGB4 mutations in lethal and nonlethal variants of epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia: missense versus nonsense","volume":"63","author":"Pulkkinen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.9437","article-title":"Novel and recurrent mutations in keratin KRT5 and KRT14 genes in epidermolysis bullosa simplex: implications for disease phenotype and keratin filament assembly","volume":"27","author":"Muller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Mutat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib8","series-title":"Treatment of skin disease: comprehensive therapeutic strategies","first-page":"188","article-title":"Epidermolysis bullosa","author":"Bello","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1504","article-title":"Correction of junctional epidermolysis bullosa by transplantation of genetically modified stem cells","volume":"12","author":"Mavilio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2004.07.017","article-title":"Gene therapy approaches for epidermolysis bullosa","volume":"23","author":"Ferrari","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(03)02379-4","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of endoscopic dilation of esophageal strictures in epidermolysis bullosa","volume":"59","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib12","first-page":"535","article-title":"Management of esophageal strictures in children with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa","volume":"34","author":"Castillo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.10.007","article-title":"Esophageal strictures in children with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: an 11-year experience with fluoroscopically guided balloon dilatation","volume":"41","author":"Azizkhan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2006.07.029","article-title":"Sharp recanalization of a short esophageal occluding stricture in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa","volume":"64","author":"Thornton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2001.28872","article-title":"Colon interposition for esophageal stenosis in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa","volume":"36","author":"Demirogullari","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib16","first-page":"291","article-title":"Mastocytosis (mast cell disease)","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Valent","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1963.01590140008002","article-title":"The natural course of urticaria pigmentosa","volume":"87","author":"Caplan","year":"1963","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2126(01)00038-8","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria and classification of mastocytosis: a consensus proposal","volume":"25","author":"Valent","year":"2001","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8588(05)70295-1","article-title":"Mastocytosis and the skin","volume":"14","author":"Soter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2126(01)00157-6","article-title":"Classification of cutaneous mastocytosis: a modified consensus proposal","volume":"26","author":"Hartmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2002.00370.x","article-title":"Comparison of mastocytosis with onset in children and adults","volume":"16","author":"Middelkamp Hup","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(91)90214-I","article-title":"Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis","volume":"91","author":"Lawrence","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198811000-00001","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease","volume":"67","author":"Travis","year":"1988","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(85)80252-5","article-title":"Bone marrow findings in systemic mastocytosis","volume":"16","author":"Horny","year":"1985","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5S","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12468899","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis: retrospective review of a decade\u2019s clinical experience at the Brigham and Women\u2019s hospital","volume":"96","author":"Horan","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(88)80012-X","article-title":"Gastrointestinal dysfunction in systemic mastocytosis","volume":"95","author":"Cherner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198906083202320","article-title":"Gastric acid secretion in systemic mastocytosis","volume":"320","author":"Cherner","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-04-015545","article-title":"kit mutation in mast cells and other bone marrow hematopoietic cell lineages in systemic mast cell disorders: a prospective study of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA) in a series of 113 patients","volume":"108","author":"Garcia-Montero","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.4.1609","article-title":"Activating and dominant inactivating c-kit catalytic domain mutations in distinct clinical forms of human mastocytosis","volume":"96","author":"Longley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1997.d01-2042.x","article-title":"A new c-kit mutation in a case of aggressive mast cell disease","volume":"96","author":"Pignon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.06.060","article-title":"Novel germline mutation of kit associated with familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors and mastocytosis","volume":"129","author":"Hartmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2003.015156","article-title":"A germline mutation in kit in familial diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis","volume":"41","author":"Tang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3222","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-11-3816","article-title":"A novel form of mastocytosis associated with a transmembrane c-kit mutation and response to imatinib","volume":"103","author":"Akin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010801)92:3<657::AID-CNCR1367>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Germline mutation in the juxtamembrane domain of the kit gene in a family with gastrointestinal stromal tumors and urticaria pigmentosa","volume":"92","author":"Beghini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2005.08.015","article-title":"A novel K509I mutation of kit identified in familial mastocytosis\u2014in vitro and in vivo responsiveness to imatinib therapy","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198307000-00005","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis","volume":"7","author":"Brunning","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1309\/Q2WJ-46CL-YRFT-M5JF","article-title":"Bone marrow mast cell morphologic features and hematopoietic dyspoiesis in systemic mast cell disease","volume":"116","author":"Stevens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199809000-00013","article-title":"Diagnostic value of immunostaining for tryptase in patients with mastocytosis","volume":"22","author":"Horny","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1159\/000048180","article-title":"Histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of mastocytosis","volume":"127","author":"Horny","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000138181.89743.7b","article-title":"CD25 indicates the neoplastic phenotype of mast cells: a novel immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis (SM) in routinely processed bone marrow biopsy specimens","volume":"28","author":"Sotlar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2001.790108.x","article-title":"Variable expression of activation-linked surface antigens on human mast cells in health and disease","volume":"179","author":"Valent","year":"2001","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198706253162603","article-title":"Tryptase levels as an indicator of mast-cell activation in systemic anaphylaxis and mastocytosis","volume":"316","author":"Schwartz","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.7.2200","article-title":"Expression of mast cell tryptase by myeloblasts in a group of patients with acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"98","author":"Sperr","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1080\/1042819021000039965","article-title":"Tryptase a novel biochemical marker of acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"43","author":"Sperr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190290021470","article-title":"Serum tryptase measurements in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"43","author":"Sperr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.8.2580","article-title":"Detection of tryptase in cytoplasmic granules of basophils in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and other myeloid neoplasms","volume":"98","author":"Samorapoompichit","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03944.x","article-title":"Treatment of adult systemic mastocytosis with interferon-alpha: results of a multicentre phase II trial on 20 patients","volume":"119","author":"Casassus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1159\/000085560","article-title":"Interferon treatment for hypereosinophilic syndromes and systemic mastocytosis","volume":"114","author":"Butterfield","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200101253440415","article-title":"Treatment of systemic mast-cell disease with cladribine","volume":"344","author":"Tefferi","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2126(03)00185-1","article-title":"Treatment of systemic mast cell disease with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine","volume":"28","author":"Pardanani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4270","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-05-1699","article-title":"Cladribine therapy for systemic mastocytosis","volume":"102","author":"Kluin-Nelemans","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14115-3","article-title":"Imatinib for systemic mast-cell disease","volume":"362","author":"Pardanani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2003.09.001","article-title":"Inefficacy of imatinib-mesylate in sporadic, aggressive systemic mastocytosis","volume":"28","author":"Musto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(90)90067-E","article-title":"Cromolyn sodium in the management of systemic mastocytosis","volume":"85","author":"Horan","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8588(05)70298-7","article-title":"Gastrointestinal abnormalities and involvement in systemic mastocytosis","volume":"14","author":"Jensen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(20000306)91:1<66::AID-AJMG12>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome)","volume":"91","author":"Shovlin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199510053331407","article-title":"Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia","volume":"333","author":"Guttmacher","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-006-0561-x","article-title":"Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: an update on clinical manifestations and diagnostic measures","volume":"118","author":"Sadick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.12.008","article-title":"Liver Involvement in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)","volume":"46","author":"Garcia-Tsao","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcpc059028","article-title":"Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital","volume":"353","author":"Korzenik","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15732-2","article-title":"A combined syndrome of juvenile polyposis and hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia associated with mutations in MADH4 (SMAD4)","volume":"363","author":"Gallione","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib62","first-page":"818","article-title":"Patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia have increased plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta1 as well as high ALK1 tissue expression","volume":"90","author":"Sadick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib63","first-page":"15","article-title":"Angiogenesis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: VEGF165 plasma concentration in correlation to the VEGF expression and microvessel density","volume":"15","author":"Sadick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2004.028712","article-title":"A new locus for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT3) maps to chromosome 5","volume":"42","author":"Cole","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1159\/000072411","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor serum levels are elevated in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia","volume":"110","author":"Cirulli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hci148","article-title":"Emergencies in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia","volume":"99","author":"Gallitelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406233302504","article-title":"Brief report: treatment of bleeding in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia with aminocaproic acid","volume":"330","author":"Saba","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200109203451216","article-title":"Efficacy of unusually high doses of tranexamic acid for the treatment of epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia","volume":"345","author":"Sabba","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07185.x","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia","volume":"98","author":"Longacre","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-826045","article-title":"Evidence of small-bowel involvement in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: a capsule-endoscopic study","volume":"36","author":"Ingrosso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199306000-00008","article-title":"Long-term effect of hormonal therapy for bleeding gastrointestinal vascular malformations","volume":"5","author":"Van Cutsem","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1155\/2003\/170969","article-title":"Embolization of a duodenal arteriovenous malformation in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: case report and review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Inouye","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.8.714","article-title":"Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: issues in clinical management and review of pathogenic mechanisms","volume":"54","author":"Shovlin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004434.pub3","article-title":"Endothelin receptor antagonists for pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200302000-00013","article-title":"Liver disease in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia","volume":"36","author":"Larson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20463","article-title":"Liver transplantation for cardiac failure in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia","volume":"11","author":"Thevenot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000247258.35406.a4","article-title":"Liver transplantation for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: report of the European Liver Transplant Registry","volume":"244","author":"Lerut","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-006-0147-8","article-title":"Dramatic improvement in hereditary hemorrhagic tealangiectasia after treatment with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antagonist bevacizumab","volume":"85","author":"Flieger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200404000-00015","article-title":"Resolution of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and anemia with prolonged alpha-interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C","volume":"38","author":"Massoud","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000155137.73433.36","article-title":"Interferon for metastatic renal cell cancer causing regression of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia","volume":"39","author":"Wheatley-Price","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib81","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Melanoma","volume":"Volume 2","author":"Nestle","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib82","first-page":"917","article-title":"Neoplasms: cutaneous melanoma","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Langley","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.4065\/81.4.500","article-title":"Cutaneous malignant melanoma","volume":"81","author":"Cummins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17951-3","article-title":"Cutaneous melanoma","volume":"365","author":"Thompson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1964.01310240065013","article-title":"Metastatic melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"88","author":"Dasgupta","year":"1964","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(78)90171-X","article-title":"Metastatic pattern of malignant melanoma","volume":"135","author":"Patel","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1097\/00001622-200003000-00014","article-title":"Primary and metastatic diseases in malignant melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"12","author":"Schuchter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9270(01)02604-1","article-title":"Malignant melanoma: patterns of metastasis to the small bowel, reliability of imaging studies, and clinical relevance","volume":"96","author":"Bender","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050092","article-title":"Distinct sets of genetic alterations in melanoma","volume":"353","author":"Curtin","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3635","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.16.3635","article-title":"Final version of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for cutaneous melanoma","volume":"19","author":"Balch","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3622","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.16.3622","article-title":"Prognostic factors analysis of 17,600 melanoma patients: validation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system","volume":"19","author":"Balch","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041245","article-title":"Management of cutaneous melanoma","volume":"351","author":"Tsao","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib93","series-title":"Treatment of skin disease: comprehensive therapeutic strategies","first-page":"387","article-title":"Malignant melanoma","author":"Tripp","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.4065\/81.4.511","article-title":"Metastatic malignant melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"81","author":"Liang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-199608000-00008","article-title":"Positron emission tomography in the detection and management of metastatic melanoma","volume":"6","author":"Damian","year":"1996","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1996.01430210073013","article-title":"Surgical resection for melanoma metastatic to the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"131","author":"Ollila","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Surg"}],"container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S154235650700540X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S154235650700540X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T05:00:43Z","timestamp":1761541243000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S154235650700540X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S154235650700540X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-3565"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1542-3565"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Dermatologic Disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.06.008","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}