{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:26:30Z","timestamp":1791246390041,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cghjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]],"date-time":"2010-10-27T04:20:28Z","timestamp":1288153228000},"page":"168-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Increased Risk for Malignant Neoplasms Among Patients With Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Kalaitzakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steingerdur Anna","family":"Gunnarsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Josefsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Einar","family":"Bj\u00f6rnsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2007.10.004","article-title":"Natural history of hepatocellular carcinoma and current treatment options","volume":"38","author":"Raoul","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: incidence and risk factors","volume":"127","author":"Fattovich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.011","article-title":"Primary liver cancer: worldwide incidence and trends","volume":"127","author":"Bosch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.013","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: recent trends in the United States","volume":"127","author":"El-Serag","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19890715)64:2<455::AID-CNCR2820640219>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Relationship between cirrhosis, liver cancer, and hepatic metastases","volume":"64","author":"Melato","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.04.061","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology and molecular carcinogenesis","volume":"132","author":"El-Serag","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01297149","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"36","author":"Simonetti","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280404","article-title":"Risk of liver and other types of cancer in patients with cirrhosis: a nationwide cohort study in Denmark","volume":"28","author":"Sorensen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.08.022","article-title":"Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"50","author":"Werner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.annonc.a058465","article-title":"Malignant lymphoproliferative disorders in liver cirrhosis","volume":"4","author":"Lombardo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-200306000-00002","article-title":"Gastric cancer prevalence in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"12","author":"Zullo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdi266","article-title":"History of cirrhosis and risk of digestive tract neoplasms","volume":"16","author":"Randi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3282f4489f","article-title":"Liver cirrhosis, other liver diseases, pancreatitis and subsequent cancer: record linkage study","volume":"20","author":"Goldacre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/14.1.64","article-title":"Undernotification of diagnosed cancer cases to the Stockholm Cancer Registry","volume":"14","author":"Mattsson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00077-5","article-title":"Increased cancer risk after liver transplantation: a population-based study","volume":"34","author":"Haagsma","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601219","article-title":"Cancer risk following organ transplantation: a nationwide cohort study in Sweden","volume":"89","author":"Adami","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50093","article-title":"Prospective analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"37","author":"Velazquez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01181.x","article-title":"Probability of liver cancer and survival in HCV-related or alcoholic-decompensated cirrhosis","volume":"26","author":"Sola","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180109","article-title":"A multivariate analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinogenesis: a prospective observation of 795 patients with viral and alcoholic cirrhosis","volume":"18","author":"Ikeda","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91A","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01738.x","article-title":"Roles of alcohol, hepatitis virus infection, and gender in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"20","author":"Miyakawa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02355056","article-title":"Multivariate analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis","volume":"31","author":"Chiba","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-2-97","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"116","author":"Simonetti","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.28233","article-title":"The risk of liver and bile duct cancer in patients with chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholism, or cirrhosis","volume":"34","author":"Kuper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19911101)68:9<2051::AID-CNCR2820680934>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Etiologic and clinical characteristics of peripheral and hilar cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"68","author":"Altaee","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310103","article-title":"Cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a multicenter case-control study","volume":"31","author":"Chalasani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib26","first-page":"419","article-title":"Alcoholism and cancer risk: a population-based cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Adami","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270201","article-title":"Risk factors and clinical presentation of hepatobiliary carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a case-control study","volume":"27","author":"Bergquist","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23033","article-title":"Tobacco smoking and cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"122","author":"Gandini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.2140","article-title":"A meta-analysis of alcohol drinking and cancer risk","volume":"85","author":"Bagnardi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyp280","article-title":"Meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies on cigarette smoking and liver cancer","volume":"38","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.2.236","article-title":"Alcohol abuse and the risk of pancreatic cancer","volume":"51","author":"Ye","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.4.535","article-title":"Cirrhosis as an independent risk factor for colonic adenomas","volume":"33","author":"Naveau","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520410006350","article-title":"Long-term prognosis of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a 15-year follow-up study of 100 Norwegian patients admitted to one unit","volume":"39","author":"Bell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1999.11188.x","article-title":"Preventive care in chronic liver disease","volume":"14","author":"Riley","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji375","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"97","author":"Larsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602619","article-title":"Type-II diabetes and pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of 36 studies","volume":"92","author":"Huxley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2005.12.007","article-title":"The association between diabetes and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence","volume":"4","author":"El-Serag","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60269-X","article-title":"Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies","volume":"371","author":"Renehan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S154235651001027X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S154235651001027X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T05:07:16Z","timestamp":1761541636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S154235651001027X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S154235651001027X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1542-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Increased Risk for Malignant Neoplasms Among Patients With Cirrhosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}