{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T11:02:52Z","timestamp":1782298972768,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]],"date-time":"2018-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cghjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T22:46:29Z","timestamp":1524609989000},"page":"98-106.e4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Budesonide Suppositories Are Effective and Safe for Treating Acute Ulcerative Proctitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9465-0124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Kruis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viacheslav","family":"Neshta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Pesegova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Alekseeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Andreev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleksii","family":"Datsenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olena","family":"Levchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayar","family":"Abdulkhakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuriy","family":"Lozynskyy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuriy","family":"Mostovoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Soloviev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey E.","family":"Dorofeyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Vieth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5363-0389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Stiess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Greinwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4976-3629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralf","family":"Mohrbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britta","family":"Siegmund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32126-2","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis","volume":"389","author":"Ungaro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21815","article-title":"Review of the disease course among adult ulcerative colitis population-based longitudinal cohorts","volume":"18","author":"Magro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1159\/000341947","article-title":"Topical therapies in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"86","author":"Frei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04619.x","article-title":"Review article: delivery and efficacy of topical 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) therapy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"33","author":"Harris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjx009","article-title":"Third European Evidence-based Consensus on Diagnosis and Management of Ulcerative Colitis. Part 2: current management","volume":"11","author":"Harbord","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib6","first-page":"92","article-title":"Topical therapy","volume":"30","author":"Gross","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000379","article-title":"Systematic review: rectal therapies for the treatment of distal forms of ulcerative colitis","volume":"21","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.40.6.775","article-title":"Rectal corticosteroids versus alternative treatments in ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Marshall","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib9","article-title":"Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis","volume":"1","author":"Marshall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000141","article-title":"Drug therapies for ulcerative proctitis: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Lie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.10.011","article-title":"Once-daily, high-concentration MMX mesalamine in active ulcerative colitis","volume":"132","author":"Kamm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.10.025","article-title":"Effect of once- or twice-daily MMX mesalamine (SPD476) for the induction of remission of mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis","volume":"5","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03361.x","article-title":"MMX Multi MatrixTM mesalazine for the induction of remission in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: a combined analysis of two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials","volume":"26","author":"Sandborn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000562","article-title":"Adherence to rectal mesalamine in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"21","author":"Boyle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21258","article-title":"Clinical trial: a novel high-dose 1 g mesalamine suppository (Salofalk) once daily is as efficacious as a 500-mg suppository thrice daily in active ulcerative proctitis","volume":"16","author":"Andus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01308084","article-title":"Spread and distribution of 5-ASA colonic foam and 5-ASA enema in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"37","author":"Campieri","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0953-0673.1996.00327.x","article-title":"Distribution of mesalazine enemas in active and quiescent ulcerative colitis","volume":"10","author":"van Bodegraven","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70131-3","article-title":"Budesonide enema for the treatment of active, distal ulcerative colitis and proctitis: a dose-ranging study. U.S. Budesonide enema study group","volume":"115","author":"Hanauer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520212512","article-title":"Effect of budesonide enema on remission and relapse rate in distal ulcerative colitis and proctitis","volume":"37","author":"Lindgren","year":"2002","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04354.x","article-title":"BudMesa-Study Group. Clinical trial: controlled, open, randomized multicentre study comparing the effects of treatment on quality of life, safety and efficacy of budesonide or mesalazine enemas in active left-sided ulcerative colitis","volume":"32","author":"Hartmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.1995.tb00421.x","article-title":"Comparison of budesonide and 5-aminosalicylic acid enemas in active distal ulcerative colitis","volume":"9","author":"L\u00e9mann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199606000-00010","article-title":"Beclomethasone dipropionate (3 mg) versus 5-aminosalicylic acid (2 g) versus the combination of both (3 mg\/2 g) as retention enemas in active ulcerative proctitis","volume":"8","author":"Mulder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2013.03.005","article-title":"Topical therapy is underused in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"8","author":"Seibold","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-198808000-00012","article-title":"5-Aminosalicylic acid as enemas or suppositories in distal ulcerative colitis?","volume":"10","author":"Campieri","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjv208","article-title":"Twice-daily budesonide 2-mg foam induces complete mucosal healing in patients with distal ulcerative colitis","volume":"10","author":"Naganuma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib26","article-title":"Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease","volume":"6","author":"Rezaie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3408","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3868-5","article-title":"Budesonide foam\u00a0has a favorable safety profile for inducing remission in mild-to-moderate ulcerative proctitis or proctosigmoiditis","volume":"60","author":"Rubin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib28","article-title":"Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis","volume":"10","author":"Sherlock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.10.011","article-title":"Once-daily, high concentration MMX mesalamine in active ulcerative colitis","volume":"132","author":"Kamm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.10.025","article-title":"Effect of once- or twice-daily MMX mesalamine (SPD476) for the induction of remission of mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis","volume":"5","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03361.x","article-title":"MMX Multi MatrixTM mesalazine for the induction of remission in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: a combined analysis of two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials","volume":"26","author":"Sandborn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.298.6666.82","article-title":"Coated mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) versus sulphasalazine in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: a randomised trial","volume":"298","author":"Rachmilewitz","year":"1989","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.2.174","article-title":"Microscopic activity in ulcerative colitis: what does it mean?","volume":"32","author":"Riley","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027_bib34","first-page":"1188","article-title":"Mesalamine capsules for treatment of active ulcerative colitis: results of a controlled trial. Pentasa Study Group","volume":"88","author":"Hanauer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356518303860?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356518303860?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T05:30:29Z","timestamp":1761543029000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1542356518303860"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1542356518303860"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1542-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Budesonide Suppositories Are Effective and Safe for Treating Acute Ulcerative Proctitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 by the AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier, Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}