{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T00:12:49Z","timestamp":1793405569749,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010767","name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["777377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["777377"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013322","name":"European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cghjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T03:49:28Z","timestamp":1682653768000},"page":"1978-1991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":503,"title":["The Global Burden of Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9313-577X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zobair M.","family":"Younossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quentin M.","family":"Anstee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.09.014","article-title":"Burden of liver diseases in the world","volume":"70","author":"Asrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31173","article-title":"Changes in the global burden of chronic liver diseases from 2012 to 2017: the growing impact of NAFLD","volume":"72","author":"Paik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.05.036","article-title":"Modeling NAFLD disease burden in China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States for the period 2016-2030","volume":"69","author":"Estes","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29466","article-title":"Modeling the epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrates an exponential increase in burden of disease","volume":"67","author":"Estes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15673","article-title":"Modelling NAFLD disease burden in four Asian regions-2019-2030","volume":"51","author":"Estes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13757","article-title":"The relationship between different dimensions of alcohol use and the burden of disease-an update","volume":"112","author":"Rehm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-016-0081-2","article-title":"A\u00a0narrative review of alcohol consumption as a risk factor for global burden of disease","volume":"11","author":"Rehm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27259","article-title":"Global distribution and prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotypes","volume":"61","author":"Messina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.031","article-title":"Alcohol use disorders and the burden of chronic hepatitis C in France, 2008-2013: a nationwide retrospective cohort study","volume":"67","author":"Schwarzinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines7040099","article-title":"Global burden of alcohol use disorders and alcohol liver disease","volume":"7","author":"Rehm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004","article-title":"The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"77","author":"Younossi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32320-7","article-title":"Hepatitis C","volume":"394","author":"Spearman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib24","series-title":"WHO. Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis 2016\u20132021. Towards ending viral hepatitis","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00472-6","article-title":"Global change in hepatitis C virus prevalence and cascade of care between 2015 and 2020: a modelling study","volume":"7","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30056-6","article-title":"Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study","volume":"3","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2020.06.015","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of testing and treatment for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections: an analysis by scenarios, regions, and income","volume":"23","author":"Tordrup","year":"2020","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1180","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30272-4","article-title":"Additional resource needs for viral hepatitis elimination through universal health coverage: projections in 67 low-income and middle-income countries, 2016-30","volume":"7","author":"Tordrup","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13574","article-title":"Global cascade of care for chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Yousafzai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2019.12.007","article-title":"Pangenotypic direct acting antivirals for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Zoratti","year":"2020","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2018.07.004","article-title":"New direct-acting antivirals for the treatment of patients with hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"9","author":"Pecoraro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00386-7","article-title":"Global reporting of progress towards elimination of hepatitis B and hepatitis C","volume":"8","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15131","article-title":"Progress towards achieving viral hepatitis B and C elimination in the Asia and Pacific region: results from modelling and global reporting","volume":"42","author":"Le","year":"2022","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib25","first-page":"S1","volume":"76","author":"Blach","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00124-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of hepatitis B, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"7","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.11.057","article-title":"Recent trends in the global burden of hepatitis B virus: 2007-2017","volume":"160","author":"Paik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-022-00818-9","article-title":"The global fight against hepatitis B is benefitting some parts of the world more than others","volume":"603","author":"Sohn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.04.014","article-title":"Feasibility of hepatitis B elimination in high-income countries with ongoing immigration","volume":"77","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab562","article-title":"Hepatitis B vaccination impact and the unmet need for antiviral treatment in Blantyre, Malawi","volume":"226","author":"Stockdale","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib33","first-page":"1015","article-title":"Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. [Erratum in: Lancet 2018;392:1116. Erratum in: Lancet 2019;393:e44.]","volume":"392","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","article-title":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003198","article-title":"The global burden of disease attributable to high body mass index in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"17","author":"Dai","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(22)00435-4","article-title":"The burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly growing in every region of the world from 1990 to 2019","volume":"77","author":"Paik","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.104127","article-title":"The burden of liver cirrhosis and underlying etiologies: results from the global burden of disease study 2017","volume":"13","author":"Zhai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30349-8","article-title":"The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"5","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.060","article-title":"Contemporary epidemiology of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis","volume":"18","author":"Moon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.6987","article-title":"Cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years for 29 cancer groups from 2010 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"8","author":"Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1910","article-title":"Trends in global, regional, and national burden and quality of care index for liver cancer by cause from global burden of disease 1990-2019","volume":"6","author":"Ghamari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4551","article-title":"Global burden of primary liver cancer by five etiologies and global prediction by 2035 based on global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-022-10410-y","article-title":"Countdown on hepatitis B elimination by 2030: the global burden of liver disease related to hepatitis B and association with socioeconomic status","volume":"16","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.09.024","article-title":"Asian perspective on NAFLD-associated HCC","volume":"76","author":"Yip","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012588218728","article-title":"Interpreting SF-36 summary health measures: a response","volume":"10","author":"Ware","year":"2001","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.45.2.295","article-title":"Development of a disease specific questionnaire to measure health related quality of life in patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"45","author":"Younossi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.02.005","article-title":"Performance and validation of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire-Hepatitis C Version (CLDQ-HCV) in clinical trials of patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"19","author":"Younossi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13391","article-title":"A\u00a0disease-specific quality of life instrument for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: CLDQ-NAFLD","volume":"37","author":"Younossi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.01.001","article-title":"Validation of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"17","author":"Younossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13451","article-title":"Development and validation of a hepatitis B-specific health-related quality-of-life instrument: CLDQ-HBV","volume":"28","author":"Younossi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2017.10.005","article-title":"Prediction of health utility scores in patients with chronic hepatitis C using the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire-Hepatitis C Version (CLDQ-HCV)","volume":"21","author":"Stepanova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199304050-00006","article-title":"The validity and reproducibility of a work productivity and activity impairment instrument","volume":"4","author":"Reilly","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib56","first-page":"604","article-title":"The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) measurement system: validation of version 4 of the core questionnaire","volume":"8","author":"Webster","year":"1999","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520460115022","article-title":"The Fatigue Severity Scale-application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"46","author":"Krupp","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2021.12.012","article-title":"Health-related quality of life and health care resource utilization in patients with chronic liver disease and primary liver cancer in the United States: analysis of medical expenditure panel survey","volume":"12","author":"Younossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6273","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4166","article-title":"The impact of hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis on patients' health-related quality of life","volume":"10","author":"Verma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04061.x","article-title":"Predictors of health-related quality of life in patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"30","author":"Afendy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14171","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes in patients chronic viral hepatitis without cirrhosis: the impact of hepatitis B and C viral replication","volume":"39","author":"Younossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2020.10.005","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in Cuban patients with chronic liver disease: a real-world experience","volume":"22","author":"Castellanos-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1581","article-title":"Fatigue and pruritus in patients with advanced fibrosis due to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: the impact on patient-reported outcomes","volume":"4","author":"Younossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13741","article-title":"Severe impairment of patient-reported outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection seen in real-world practices across the world: data from the global liver registry","volume":"29","author":"Younossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2018.01.006","article-title":"French patients with hepatitis C treated with direct-acting antiviral combinations: the effect on patient-reported outcomes","volume":"21","author":"Cacoub","year":"2018","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13650","article-title":"The effect of interferon-free regimens on health-related quality of life in East Asian patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"38","author":"Younossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.11.004","article-title":"Clinical and patient-reported outcomes from patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease across the world: data from the global Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)\/ Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Registry","volume":"20","author":"Younossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13900","article-title":"Viral eradication is required for sustained improvement of patient-reported outcomes in patients with hepatitis C","volume":"39","author":"Younossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1710","article-title":"Improvements of fibrosis and disease activity are associated with improvement of patient-reported outcomes in patients with advanced fibrosis due to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"5","author":"Younossi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.12.016","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associates with hepatic inflammation","volume":"17","author":"Huber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib71","article-title":"Cost of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Europe and the USA: the GAIN study","volume":"2","author":"O'Hara","year":"2020","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-022-01140-y","article-title":"The economic burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Witkowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.07.020","article-title":"Direct and indirect economic burden of chronic liver disease in the United States","volume":"15","author":"Stepanova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02407-6","article-title":"Poor disease knowledge is associated with higher healthcare service use and costs among patients with cirrhosis: an exploratory study","volume":"22","author":"Valery","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1765","article-title":"Poor awareness of liver disease among adults with NAFLD in the United States","volume":"5","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12080","article-title":"Knowledge about infection is the only predictor of treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"20","author":"Younossi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib77","article-title":"The burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a systematic review of health-related quality of life and patient-reported outcomes","volume":"4","author":"Younossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12886","article-title":"Treatment of hepatitis C virus leads to economic gains related to reduction in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensated cirrhosis in Japan","volume":"25","author":"Younossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13519","article-title":"In an era of highly effective treatment, hepatitis C screening of the United States general population should be considered","volume":"38","author":"Younossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.26514","article-title":"Financial burden in adults with chronic liver disease: a scoping review","volume":"28","author":"Ufere","year":"2022","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32228","article-title":"Global burden of NAFLD and chronic liver disease among adolescents and young adults","volume":"75","author":"Paik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatology"}],"container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356523003154?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356523003154?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T05:43:08Z","timestamp":1761543788000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1542356523003154"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1542356523003154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1542-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Global Burden of Liver Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 by the AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}