{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:05:00Z","timestamp":1790622300422,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":354,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cghjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T22:36:09Z","timestamp":1728599769000},"page":"1786-1797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["No Impact of Concomitant Medications on Efficacy and Safety of Biologics and Small Molecules for Ulcerative Colitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Dhruv","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Solitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Syal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vipul","family":"Jairath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2640-7269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siddharth","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.03.065","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities in IBD clinical trial design","volume":"161","author":"Dubinsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15090","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis: high prevalence and cost of continued aminosalicylate use in patients with ulcerative colitis escalated to immunosuppressive and biological therapies","volume":"49","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.06.036","article-title":"Effect of concomitant therapy with steroids and tumor necrosis factor antagonists for induction of remission in patients with Crohn's disease: a systematic review and pooled meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Faleck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.06.034","article-title":"Effects of concomitant immunomodulator therapy on efficacy and safety of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy for Crohn's disease: a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials","volume":"13","author":"Jones","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325185","article-title":"Antibiotic use differentially affects the risk of anti-drug antibody formation during anti-TNFalpha therapy in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a report from the epi-IIRN","volume":"71","author":"Gorelik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjad070","article-title":"Association of antibiotic use with durability of biologic agents in inflammatory bowel disease: a report from the epi-IIRN","volume":"17","author":"Gorelik","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-321609","article-title":"The influence of proton pump inhibitor therapy on the outcome of infliximab therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: a patient-level meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies","volume":"70","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.05.014","article-title":"Opioids in gastroenterology: treating adverse effects and creating therapeutic benefits","volume":"15","author":"Camilleri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.09.011","article-title":"Washout periods in inflammatory bowel disease trials: a systematic literature review and proposed solutions","volume":"22","author":"Wils","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.12.005","article-title":"Meeting summary: AGA roundtable on clinical trial design in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"22","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050516","article-title":"Infliximab for induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis","volume":"353","author":"Rutgeerts","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.10.032","article-title":"Adalimumab induces and maintains clinical remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis","volume":"142","author":"Sandborn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.221127","article-title":"Adalimumab for induction of clinical remission in moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: results of a randomised controlled trial","volume":"60","author":"Reinisch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib14","article-title":"Subcutaneous golimumab induces clinical response and remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis","volume":"146","author":"Sandborn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215734","article-title":"Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis","volume":"369","author":"Feagan","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1900750","article-title":"Ustekinumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis","volume":"381","author":"Sands","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606910","article-title":"Tofacitinib as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis","volume":"376","author":"Sandborn","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh090","article-title":"A modified Poisson regression approach to prospective studies with binary data","volume":"159","author":"Zou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280211427759","article-title":"Extension of the modified Poisson regression model to prospective studies with correlated binary data","volume":"22","author":"Zou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/80.1.27","article-title":"Bias reduction of maximum likelihood estimates","volume":"80","author":"Firth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.10.016","article-title":"Combination therapy with immunomodulators improves the pharmacokinetics of infliximab but not vedolizumab or ustekinumab","volume":"21","author":"Yarur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy367","article-title":"The influence of antidepressants on the disease course among patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: a Danish nationwide register-based cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Kristensen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2047242","article-title":"The effect of antidepressants on the course of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"2018","author":"Hall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000001059","article-title":"Antidepressants in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Macer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"}],"container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356524008772?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356524008772?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:23:42Z","timestamp":1783034622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1542356524008772"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1542356524008772"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040","relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1542-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"No Impact of Concomitant Medications on Efficacy and Safety of Biologics and Small Molecules for Ulcerative Colitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.08.040","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 by the AGA Institute","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}