{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T06:40:01Z","timestamp":1787640001451,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,24]],"date-time":"2026-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1795478400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":358,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK13593701A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK13593701A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020365","name":"National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020365","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01DP006745-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DP006745-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cghjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T19:35:28Z","timestamp":1748979328000},"page":"2588-2596.e4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence and Impact of Social Risk in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: National Estimates From the United States"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Elina","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew P.","family":"Banegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Kappelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nghia H.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigid S.","family":"Boland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Lago","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronghui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2640-7269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siddharth","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0","article-title":"Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies","volume":"390","author":"Ng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.08.064","article-title":"Effects of race and ethnicity on diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"160","author":"Barnes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000835","article-title":"Racial and Ethnic minorities with inflammatory bowel disease in the United States: a systematic review of disease characteristics and differences","volume":"22","author":"Afzali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib4","volume":"Volume 2021","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.03.011","article-title":"The impact of the social determinants of health on disparities in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"20","author":"Anyane-Yeboa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.12833","article-title":"Incorporation of social risk in US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and identification of key challenges for primary care","volume":"326","author":"Davidson","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848221079162","article-title":"Social barriers influence inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) outcomes and disproportionally affect Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks with IBD","volume":"15","author":"Damas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Therap Adv Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa266","article-title":"National estimates of financial hardship from medical bills and cost-related medication nonadherence in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in the United States","volume":"27","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib9","series-title":"Survey Description, National Health Interview Survey","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.07.012","article-title":"Psychometric and pragmatic properties of social risk screening tools: a systematic review","volume":"57","author":"Henrikson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.12825","article-title":"Screening and interventions for social risk factors: technical brief to support the US Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"326","author":"Eder","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.05.056","article-title":"Prevalence and effects of food insecurity and social support on financial toxicity in and healthcare use by patients with inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"19","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.37492","article-title":"Social risk factor domains and preventive care services in US adults","volume":"7","author":"Schroeder","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7309a3","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in social determinants of health and health-related social needs among adults - behavioral risk factor surveillance system, United States, 2022","volume":"73","author":"Town","year":"2024","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15107","article-title":"Disability in inflammatory bowel disease patients is associated with race, ethnicity and socio-economic factors","volume":"49","author":"Agrawal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000794","article-title":"Social determinants of outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"115","author":"Bernstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.12329","article-title":"Relationships of race and area deprivation indices to outcomes in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"79","author":"Hasan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9420","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-023-10400-7","article-title":"Disparities in access to minimally invasive surgery for inflammatory bowel disease and outcomes by insurance status: analysis of the 2015 to 2019 National Inpatient Sample","volume":"37","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.05.008","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of biologic therapy in hispanic vs non-hispanic patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a CA-IBD cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad194","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: an online survey","volume":"30","author":"Shah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"}],"container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356525004604?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356525004604?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T20:17:17Z","timestamp":1783628237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1542356525004604"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1542356525004604"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031","relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1542-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence and Impact of Social Risk in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: National Estimates From the United States","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.03.031","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 by the AGA Institute","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}