{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T04:01:43Z","timestamp":1790222503519,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011541","name":"National Cancer Institute Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011541","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cghjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T06:51:31Z","timestamp":1785826291000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detailed Racial\/Ethnic Disparities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk With an Electronic Health Record\u2013Based Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7198-7629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mindy C.","family":"DeRouen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline A.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison J.","family":"Canchola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa","family":"Cortella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terri","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pushkar","family":"Inamdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sixiang","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pragati","family":"Kenkare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet N.","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna D.","family":"Rubinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihe G.","family":"Daida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanda","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-Ying","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hashem B.","family":"El-Serag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele M.","family":"Tana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma","family":"Somsouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Segal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi-Ok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iona","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scarlett L.","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salma","family":"Shariff-Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib1","series-title":"Cancer Facts & Figures 2025","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-19-0560","article-title":"Disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in California: an update","volume":"29","author":"Sangaramoorthy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.2208","article-title":"Liver cancer etiology in Asian subgroups and American Indian, Black, Latino, and White populations","volume":"8","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2022.01.007","article-title":"Patient race, ethnicity, language, and pain severity in primary care: a retrospective electronic health record study","volume":"23","author":"Lor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain Manag Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-023-01095-2","article-title":"Disparities in postoperative opioid prescribing by race and ethnicity: an electronic health records-based observational study from Northern California, 2015\u20132020","volume":"81","author":"Romanelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.07.030","article-title":"The public health critical race methodology: praxis for antiracism research","volume":"71","author":"Ford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2022.0450","article-title":"Factors associated with unrecognized cirrhosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Mol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413193","article-title":"Constructing epidemiologic cohorts from electronic health record data","volume":"18","author":"Williams","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kww112","article-title":"Controlling for informed presence bias due to the number of health encounters in an electronic health record","volume":"184","author":"Goldstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-19-0882","article-title":"Population-based registry linkages to improve validity of electronic health record-based cancer research","volume":"29","author":"Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocad013","article-title":"Healthcare utilization is a collider: an introduction to collider bias in EHR data reuse","volume":"30","author":"Weiskopf","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-21-0019","article-title":"Integrating electronic health record, cancer registry, and geospatial data to study lung cancer in Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Ethnic Groups","volume":"30","author":"DeRouen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.64.7412","article-title":"Future of hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in the United States forecast through 2030","volume":"34","author":"Petrick","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-144-10-200605160-00004","article-title":"The Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 1999 through 2002","volume":"144","author":"Armstrong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16806","article-title":"Systematic review: development of a consensus code set to identify cirrhosis in electronic health records","volume":"55","author":"Shearer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-39585-2","article-title":"Accurately identifying cirrhosis and its complications to create the novel statewide Indiana digital cirrhosis registry","volume":"16","author":"Desai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl210391","article-title":"Accuracy of noninvasive scoring systems in assessing liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib19","author":"Canchola"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318253e418","article-title":"Proportional hazards regression in epidemiologic follow-up studies: an intuitive consideration of primary time scale","volume":"23","author":"Cologne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32394","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence and mortality rates in the United States, 1992-2018","volume":"76","author":"Alvarez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.13304","article-title":"Updated guidance on the reporting of race and ethnicity in medical and science journals","volume":"326","author":"Flanagin","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwac146","article-title":"Conceptualization, operationalization, and utilization of race and ethnicity in major epidemiology journals, 1995\u20132018: a systematic review","volume":"192","author":"Martinez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: incidence and risk factors","volume":"127","author":"Fattovich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12300","article-title":"Systematic review: Asian patients with chronic hepatitis C infection","volume":"37","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1177\/0739986311422880","article-title":"Issues in the assessment of \u201cRace\u201d among Latinos: implications for research and policy","volume":"33","author":"Allen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hisp J Behav Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031_bib29","series-title":"Race Policy and Multiracial Americans","first-page":"155","article-title":"Multiracial Americans, health patterns, and health policy: assessment and recommendations for ways forward","author":"Bratter","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356526005720?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1542356526005720?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:31:31Z","timestamp":1790220691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1542356526005720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S1542356526005720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031","relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1542-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Detailed Racial\/Ethnic Disparities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk With an Electronic Health Record\u2013Based Cohort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2026.07.031","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Gastroenterological Association Institute.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}