{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T12:00:40Z","timestamp":1762430440347,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,18]],"date-time":"2010-05-18T01:20:50Z","timestamp":1274145650000},"page":"387-400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Psychiatric Considerations in Children and Adolescents with HIV\/AIDS"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Tami D.","family":"Benton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib1","unstructured":"UNAIDS. 2004 report of the global AIDS epidemic. Available at: http:\/\/www.unaids.org\/bangkok2004\/GAR2004_html\/GAR2004_00_en.htm. Accessed December 12, 2009."},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib2","first-page":"1073","article-title":"HIV prevalence estimates\u2014United States, 2006","volume":"57","author":"Center for Disease Control","year":"2008","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.5.520","article-title":"Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States","volume":"300","author":"Hall","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib4","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services. HIV\/AIDS surveillance report 2003. 2003;15:1\u201340."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000166381.68392.02","article-title":"Youths and HIV\/AIDS: psychiatry's role in the changing epidemic","volume":"44","author":"Donenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Revised recommendations for HIV testing in adults, adolescents and pregnant women in health care settings","volume":"55","author":"Branson","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib7","series-title":"Harrison's principles of internal medicine","first-page":"1852","article-title":"HIV disease: AIDS and related disorders","author":"Fauci","year":"2001"},{"issue":"RR-12","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Revised classification system for human immunodeficiency virus infection in children less than 13 years of age","volume":"43","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"1995","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"author":"Kline","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib9"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib10","series-title":"Research publications: association for research in nervous and mental disease, vol. 72","first-page":"289","article-title":"HIV-1 associated CNS disease in infants and children","author":"Belman","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.5.1089","article-title":"The French pediatric HIV infection study and the SEROCO group. HIV-1 related encephalopathy in infants compared with children and adults","volume":"54","author":"Tardieu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-5428(06)80260-3","article-title":"Interrelations among patterns of change in neurocognitive, CT brain imaging and CD4 measures associated with anti-retroviral therapy in children with symptomatic HIV infection","volume":"4","author":"Brouwers","year":"1994","journal-title":"Adv Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.3109\/13550280009018303","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid viral load is related to cortical atrophy and not to intracerebral calcifications in children with symptomatic HIV disease","volume":"6","author":"Brouwers","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.179.4.1790999","article-title":"Cerebrovascular disease in HIV-infected pediatric patients: neuroimaging findings","volume":"179","author":"Pastalides","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJR AM J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-003-0063-4","article-title":"Neurologic aspects of HIV infection in infants and children: therapeutic approaches and outcome","volume":"3","author":"Civitello","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1997.85.1.267","article-title":"Cognitive functioning in school-age children with HIV","volume":"85","author":"Frank","year":"2007","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15647","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502548102","article-title":"Thinning of the cerebral cortex visualized in HIV\/AIDS reflects CD4 + T lymphocyte decline","volume":"102","author":"Thompson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000186405.97840.ca","article-title":"Case study: delirium in an adolescent girl\u00a0with human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia","volume":"45","author":"Scharko","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib19","series-title":"Textbook of pediatric care","first-page":"510","article-title":"Neurobehavioral function and assessment of children and adolescents with HIV-1 infection","author":"Wolters","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617700644028","article-title":"Attention in HIV infected children: results from the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study","volume":"6","author":"Watkins","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Int Neuropsychol Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib21","first-page":"1609","article-title":"Adolescents with psychiatric disorders and the risk of HIV","volume":"36","author":"Brown","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025776102574","article-title":"Patterns of sexual risk behaviors and psychiatric disorders in a community sample of young adults","volume":"26","author":"Tubman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e544","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.6.e544","article-title":"Psychiatric hospitalizations among children and youths with human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"113","author":"Gaughan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120500213487","article-title":"DSM psychiatric disorders in the context of pediatric HIV\/AIDS","volume":"18","author":"Scharko","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.154.3.240","article-title":"Psychiatric diagnosis in adolescents seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"154","author":"Pao","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2009.02069.x","article-title":"Rates and types of psychiatric disorders in perinatally human immunodeficiency virus-infected youth and seroconverters","volume":"50","author":"Mellins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.2.384","article-title":"High rates of behavioral problems in perinatally infected HIV infected children are not linked to HIV disease","volume":"111","author":"Mellins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2003.06.009","article-title":"DSM-IV mental disorders and neurological complications in children and adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection (HIV-1)","volume":"19","author":"Misdrahi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.102.1.133","article-title":"Adolescent psychopathology. I: prevalence and incidence of depression and other DSMIIIR disorders in high school students","volume":"102","author":"Lewinsohn","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832d924f","article-title":"The Impact of AIDS diagnosis on long term neurocognitive and psychiatric outcomes of surviving adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV","volume":"23","author":"Wood","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00550","article-title":"Children and adolescents living with HIV and AIDS: a review","volume":"41","author":"Brown","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.05.001","article-title":"Mood disorders in the medically ill: scientific review and recommendations","volume":"58","author":"Evans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1086\/501454","article-title":"Psychotropic medications and HIV\/AIDS","volume":"42","author":"Thompson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830230069010","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in children and adolescents with depression","volume":"54","author":"Emslie","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199905000-00012","article-title":"Critical review of tricyclic antidepressant use in children and adolescents","volume":"38","author":"Geller","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib36","series-title":"Bethesda handbook of clinical oncology","first-page":"521","article-title":"Psychopharmacologic management in oncology","author":"Rosenstein","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/10445460252943524","article-title":"Phenomenology of prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder: examples of elated mood, grandiose behaviors, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts and hypersexuality","volume":"12","author":"Geller","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2008.12.005","article-title":"Comorbidity in pediatric bipolar disorder","volume":"18","author":"Joshi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2005.08.013","article-title":"Pediatric bipolar disorder: emerging diagnostic and treatment approaches","volume":"15","author":"Kowatch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000217372.10385.2a","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders in youth with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"25","author":"Mellins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib41","series-title":"Child and adolescent psychiatry","first-page":"1101","article-title":"Psychiatric Aspects of HIV\/AIDS in childhood and adolescence","author":"Havens","year":"2002"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S1056-4993(02)00100-1","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress and responses in children with life-threatening illnesses","volume":"12","author":"Stuber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib43","first-page":"110","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress and trauma history in adolescents and young adults with HIV","volume":"38","author":"Jerilynn","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib44","series-title":"Effective treatments for PTSD: practice guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies","first-page":"330","article-title":"Treatment of children and adolescents","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib45","series-title":"Textbook of AIDS psychiatry","first-page":"307","article-title":"Childhood and adolescence","author":"Pao","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.15.4.431","article-title":"Delirium in children and adolescents","volume":"15","author":"Turkel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2004.08.042","article-title":"HIV dementia: an evolving disease","volume":"157","author":"McArthur","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1089\/10872910050193761","article-title":"Protease inhibitor therapy in HIV-infected children","volume":"14","author":"Feingold","year":"2000","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.159.8.764","article-title":"Longitudinal antiretroviral adherence among adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"159","author":"Murphy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0493","article-title":"Predictors of adherence to antiretroviral medication\u00a0s in children and adolescents with HIV infection","volume":"118","author":"Williams","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.1.164","article-title":"Disclosure of illness status to children and adolescents with HIV infection","volume":"103","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104502007001008","article-title":"Patterns of status disclosure to perinatally HIV infected children and subsequent mental health outcomes","volume":"7","author":"Mellins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200211010-00006","article-title":"When the time comes to talk about HIV: factors associated with diagnostic disclosure and emotional distress in HIV-infected children","volume":"31","author":"Lester","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib54","series-title":"Medical management of AIDS in children","first-page":"119","article-title":"Psychosocial problems in pediatric HIV infection","author":"Wiener","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004_bib55","series-title":"Adolescents, alcohol and substance abuse: reaching teens through brief interventions","first-page":"244","article-title":"Motivational interviewing and the prevention of HIV among adolescents","author":"Brown","year":"2001"}],"container-title":["Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056499310000143?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056499310000143?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T22:40:23Z","timestamp":1761000023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1056499310000143"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1056499310000143"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1056-4993"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1056-4993"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Psychiatric Considerations in Children and Adolescents with HIV\/AIDS","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2010.02.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}