{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T20:47:49Z","timestamp":1780087669447,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,14]],"date-time":"2013-09-14T02:45:26Z","timestamp":1379126726000},"page":"73-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Psychopharmacologic Management of Serious Behavioral Disturbance in ASD"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Kimberly A.","family":"Stigler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-7138(09)61017-7","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of haloperidol and behavior therapy and their interaction in autistic children","volume":"17","author":"Campbell","year":"1978","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198901000-00016","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of haloperidol in autistic children: continuous versus discontinuous drug administration","volume":"28","author":"Perry","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-7138(09)60969-9","article-title":"Behavioral effects of haloperidol in young autistic children. An objective analysis using a within-subjects reversal design","volume":"19","author":"Cohen","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199706000-00022","article-title":"Neuroleptic-related dyskinesias in autistic children: a prospective, longitudinal study","volume":"36","author":"Campbell","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0147-5","article-title":"Behavioral and emotional problems in young people with pervasive developmental disorders: relative prevalence, effects of subject characteristics, and empirical classification","volume":"36","author":"Lecavalier","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S69","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-0900D","article-title":"Use of psychotropic medication in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"130","author":"Coury","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.5.738a","article-title":"Clinical effects of clozapine on autistic disorder","volume":"153","author":"Zuddas","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v62n0612h","article-title":"Clozapine in the treatment of aggression in an adolescent with autistic disorder","volume":"62","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib9","first-page":"340","article-title":"Long-term treatment with clozapine in an adult with autistic disorder accompanied by aggressive behaviour","volume":"26","author":"Gobbi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2009.0057","article-title":"Effectiveness of clozapine for the treatment of aggression in an adolescent with autistic disorder","volume":"20","author":"Lambrey","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e318218f4a1","article-title":"Retrospective review of clozapine in the treatment of patients with autism spectrum disorder and severe disruptive behaviors","volume":"31","author":"Beherec","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199705000-00020","article-title":"Risperidone treatment of children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorders: a prospective open-label study","volume":"36","author":"McDougle","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib13","first-page":"155","article-title":"An open clinical trial of risperidone monotherapy in young children with autistic disorder","volume":"33","author":"Findling","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199804000-00014","article-title":"An open trial of risperidone in young autistic children","volume":"37","author":"Nicolson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013171","article-title":"Risperidone in children with autism and serious behavioral problems","volume":"347","author":"Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology, Autism Network","year":"2002","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.7.1361","article-title":"Risperidone treatment of autistic disorder: longer-term benefits and blinded discontinuation after 6 months","volume":"162","author":"Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology Autism Network","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e634","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2003-0264-F","article-title":"Risperidone in the treatment of disruptive behavioral symptoms in children with autistic and other pervasive developmental disorders","volume":"114","author":"Shea","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738060210060801","article-title":"Risperidone in children with autism: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study","volume":"21","author":"Nagaraj","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2006.16.575","article-title":"Risperidone in preschool children with autistic spectrum disorders: an investigation of safety and efficacy","volume":"16","author":"Luby","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199902000-00008","article-title":"Olanzapine treatment of children, adolescents, and adults with pervasive developmental disorders: an open-label pilot study","volume":"19","author":"Potenza","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200108000-00009","article-title":"Olanzapine versus haloperidol in children with autistic disorder: an open pilot study","volume":"40","author":"Malone","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2006.16.541","article-title":"A\u00a0double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study of olanzapine in childhood\/adolescent pervasive developmental disorder","volume":"16","author":"Hollander","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n1115","article-title":"A\u00a0retrospective analysis of quetiapine in the treatment of pervasive developmental disorders","volume":"65","author":"Corson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-005-3306-1","article-title":"Retrospective study of quetiapine in children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorders","volume":"35","author":"Hardan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.1999.9.99","article-title":"Open-label quetiapine in the treatment of children and adolescents with autistic disorder","volume":"9","author":"Martin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1089\/1044546041649129","article-title":"Quetiapine in nine youths with autistic disorder","volume":"14","author":"Findling","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200208000-00010","article-title":"Case series: use of ziprasidone for maladaptive symptoms in youths with autism","volume":"41","author":"McDougle","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2006.0126","article-title":"Ziprasidone in adolescents with autism: an open-label pilot study","volume":"17","author":"Malone","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2008.093","article-title":"Aripiprazole in pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified and Asperger's disorder: a 14-week, prospective, open-label study","volume":"19","author":"Stigler","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181b76658","article-title":"A\u00a0placebo-controlled, fixed-dose study of aripiprazole in children and adolescents with irritability associated with autistic disorder","volume":"48","author":"Marcus","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-3782","article-title":"Aripiprazole in the treatment of irritability in children and adolescents with autistic disorder","volume":"124","author":"Owen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05933","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of aripiprazole for irritability in pediatric patients with autistic disorder: a 52-week, open-label, multicenter study","volume":"72","author":"Marcus","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2009.0121","article-title":"Aripiprazole in the treatment of irritability in\u00a0pediatric patients (aged 6-17 years) with autistic disorder: results from a 52-week, open-label study","volume":"21","author":"Marcus","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-012-2711-3","article-title":"Paliperidone for irritability in adolescents and young adults with autistic disorder","volume":"223","author":"Stigler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199210000-00005","article-title":"Clonidine treatment of hyperactive and impulsive children with autistic disorder","volume":"12","author":"Jaselskis","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib36","first-page":"77","article-title":"A\u00a0double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of transdermal clonidine in autism","volume":"53","author":"Fankhauser","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2006.16.589","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective open trial of guanfacine in children with pervasive developmental disorders","volume":"16","author":"Scahill","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e3181739b9d","article-title":"Guanfacine in children with autism and\/or intellectual disabilities","volume":"29","author":"Handen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.1994.4.201","article-title":"Lithium augmentation of fluvoxamine in autistic disorder: a case report","volume":"4","author":"Epperson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v62n07a05","article-title":"An open trial of divalproex sodium in autism spectrum disorders","volume":"62","author":"Hollander","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.202","article-title":"Divalproex sodium vs placebo for the treatment of irritability in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"35","author":"Hollander","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2005.15.682","article-title":"A\u00a0double-blind, placebo-controlled study of valproate for aggression in youth with pervasive developmental disorders","volume":"15","author":"Hellings","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010799115457","article-title":"Lamotrigine therapy for autistic disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Belsito","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yic.0000224787.13782.0f","article-title":"Levetiracetam versus placebo in childhood and adolescent autism: a double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"21","author":"Wasserman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.01.014","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled pilot trial of oral N-acetylcysteine in children with autism","volume":"71","author":"Hardan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056499313000618?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056499313000618?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T22:44:04Z","timestamp":1761000244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1056499313000618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1056499313000618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1056-4993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1056-4993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Psychopharmacologic Management of Serious Behavioral Disturbance in ASD","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2013.07.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}