{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T09:01:56Z","timestamp":1782205316088,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T06:50:35Z","timestamp":1685602235000},"page":"839-848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Systems-Involved Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Jonathon W.","family":"Wanta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Gianakakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Nguy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalia N.","family":"Balsamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib1","unstructured":"Mandela, N. Speech by President Nelson Mandela at the launch of the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund. Nelson Mandela Foundation. Available at: http:\/\/db.nelsonmandela.org\/speeches\/pub_view.asp?pg=item&ItemID=NMS250&txtstr=Mahla). Accessed July 25, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib2","unstructured":"Jones, J. LGBT Identification Rises to 5.6% in Latest U.S. Estimate. Gallup. Available at: https:\/\/news.gallup.com\/poll\/329708\/lgbt-identification-rises-latest-estimate.aspx. Accessed July 25, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib3","unstructured":"Federal Definitions. Youth.gov. Available at: https:\/\/youth.gov\/youth-topics\/runaway-and-homeless-youth\/federal-definitions. Accessed July 25, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib4","series-title":"Severe housing deprivation in Aotearoa\/New Zealand 2001-2013","author":"Amore","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Missed opportunities: LGBTQ youth homelessness in America","author":"Morton Samuels","year":"2018","journal-title":"Voices of the Youth Count"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib6","unstructured":"Seip, N. New Study Reveals the Scope of Youth Homelessness. True Colors United. Available at: https:\/\/truecolorsunited.org\/2017\/11\/15\/new-study-reveals-scope-youth-homelessness\/. Accessed July 25, 2022."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6803a3","article-title":"Transgender identity and experiences of violence victimization, substance use, suicide risk, and sexual risk behaviors among high school students \u2014 19 states and large urban school districts, 2017","volume":"68","author":"Johns","year":"2019","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib8","first-page":"13","article-title":"At the intersections: a collaborative resource on LGBTQ youth homelessness 2019","author":"Seip","year":"2019","journal-title":"True Colors United"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib9","series-title":"Serving our youth 2015: the needs and experiences of Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and Questioning youth experiencing homelessness","author":"Choi","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.02498","article-title":"A\u00a0Framework for understanding the role of Psychological Processes in Disease development, Maintenance, and treatment: the 3P-Disease model","volume":"10","author":"Wright","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16152677","article-title":"LGBTIQ+ homelessness: a Review of the Literature","volume":"16","author":"Fraser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Heal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2020.1838387","article-title":"Learning to endure: a qualitative examination of the protective factors of homeless transgender and gender expansive youth engaged in survival sex","volume":"22","author":"Greenfield","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Transgend Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib13","unstructured":"Durso L.E. and Gates G.J., Serving Our Youth: Findings from a National Survey of Services Providers Working with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Youth Who are Homeless or At Risk of Becoming Homeless, Available at: https:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/80x75033?. 2010."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.5.674","article-title":"Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in Lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence","volume":"129","author":"Meyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022891802943","article-title":"A\u00a0risk-amplification model of victimization and depressive symptoms among runaway and homeless adolescents","volume":"27","author":"Whitbeck","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Community Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-1755","article-title":"Advocacy and collaborative health care for Justice-involved youth","volume":"146","author":"Owen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib17","article-title":"We\u2019ve had three of them: addressing the invisibility of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and gender nonconforming youths in the juvenile justice system","volume":"19","author":"Irvine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Columbia J Gend Law"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib18","first-page":"1691","article-title":"What\u2019s in a pronoun?: the ungovernability and misgendering of trans native kids in juvenile justice in Washington state","volume":"67","author":"Benson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Homosex"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib19","article-title":"Beyond rehabilitation: constitutional violations associated with the isolation and discrimination of transgender youth in the juvenile justice system","volume":"58","author":"Marrett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bost Coll Law Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.0978","article-title":"Mental health outcomes in transgender and Nonbinary youths receiving gender-affirming care","volume":"5","author":"Tordoff","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib21","article-title":"Pubertal Suppression for transgender youth and risk of Suicidal Ideation","volume":"145","author":"Turban","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics. Feb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib22","unstructured":"Prison Rape Elimination Act in Juvenile Facilities. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Available at:https:\/\/ojjdp.ojp.gov\/programs\/prea. Accessed July 25, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib23","unstructured":"Cook, A. State-by-State Analysis of Juvenile Justice Systems. Lambda Legal. Available at:https:\/\/www.lambdalegal.org\/juvenile-justice. Accessed July 25, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib24","unstructured":"Transgender Youth in Juvenile Justice and other Correctional Systems. American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Available at:https:\/\/www.aacap.org\/aacap\/Policy_Statements\/2016\/Policy_Statement_on_Transgender_Youth_in_Juvenile_Justice_and_other_Correctional_Systems.aspx. Accessed July 25, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib25","unstructured":"Transgender and Gender Diverse Health Care in Correctional Settings. National Commission on Correctional Health Care. Available at:https:\/\/www.ncchc.org\/transgender-and-gender-diverse-health-care-in-correctional-settings-2020\/. Accessed July 25, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib26","unstructured":"Child Welfare Information Gateway. (2020). How the child welfare system works. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Children\u2019s Bureau."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib27","unstructured":"Abbot, G. Letter to The Honorable Jaime Masters Commissioner. Texas Governor\u2019s Office. Available at: https:\/\/gov.texas.gov\/uploads\/files\/press\/O-MastersJaime202202221358.pdf. 2022. Accessed November 9, 2022."},{"issue":"156","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib28","first-page":"214","article-title":"Child welfare outcomes 2018: Report to Congress","volume":"91","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children\u2019s Bureau"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib29","unstructured":"Wilson BDM, Cooper K, Kastanis A, Nezhad S. Sexual and Gender Minority Youth in Foster Care. Williams Institute. Available at: https:\/\/williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu\/publications\/sgm-youth-la-foster-care\/. Published October 21, 2021. Accessed August 3, 2022."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-4211","article-title":"LGBTQ youth in unstable housing and foster care","volume":"143","author":"Baams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2015.08.016","article-title":"Sexual and gender minority disproportionality and disparities in child welfare: a population-based study","author":"Wilson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib32","first-page":"2268","article-title":"A\u00a0room of one's own: safe placement for transgender youth in foster care","volume":"89","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"N\u00a0Y Univ Law Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-018-1354-9","article-title":"An intersectional approach to therapy with transgender adolescents and their families","volume":"48","author":"Golden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib34","unstructured":"Supporting Pathways to Long-Term Success for Systems-Involved Youth: Lessons Learned. American Youth Policy Forum. 2017."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.21974","article-title":"\u201cHumbling experiences\u201d: a photovoice project with sexual and gender-expansive youth experiencing homelessness","volume":"46","author":"Forge","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Community Psychol"}],"container-title":["Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056499323000330?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056499323000330?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T22:52:04Z","timestamp":1761000724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1056499323000330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1056499323000330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1056-4993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1056-4993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Systems-Involved Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2023.04.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}