{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T02:57:49Z","timestamp":1776135469722,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,26]],"date-time":"2007-11-26T21:23:19Z","timestamp":1196112199000},"page":"107-113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Mechanisms of molecular product and persistent radical formation from the pyrolysis of hydroquinone"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Hieu","family":"Truong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Slawo","family":"Lomnicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Dellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1021\/es00006a002","article-title":"Mechanisms of formation and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in heterogeneous systems","volume":"29","author":"Addink","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1021\/jp065558t","article-title":"Quantum chemical investigation of formation of polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from oxidation and pyrolysis of 2-chlorophenol","volume":"111","author":"Altarawneh","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-2180(99)00135-2","article-title":"Kinetic modeling of soot formation with detailed chemistry and physics: Laminar premixed flames of C-2 hydrocarbons","volume":"121","author":"Appel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Combust. Flame"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11198","DOI":"10.1021\/jp053047l","article-title":"Molecular modeling studies of the reactions of phenoxyl radical dimers: Pathways to polychlorinated dibenzofurans","volume":"109","author":"Asatryan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1161(75)90134-X","article-title":"Detection of mutagenic activity of chemicals and tobacco-smoke in a bacterial system","volume":"31","author":"Bilimoria","year":"1975","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1002\/kin.550090202","article-title":"Very low-pressure pyrolysis of phenyl ethyl ether, phenyl allyl ether, and benzyl methyl-ether and enthalpy of formation of phenoxy radical","volume":"9","author":"Colussi","year":"1977","journal-title":"Int. J. Chem. Kinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8629","article-title":"Origin and health impacts of emissions of toxic by-products and fine particles from combustion and thermal treatment of hazardous wastes and materials","volume":"114","author":"Cormier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Health Persp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proci.2006.07.172","article-title":"Formation and stabilization of persistent free radicals","volume":"31","author":"Dellinger","year":"2007","journal-title":"P. Combust. Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1016\/S0082-0784(00)80687-6","article-title":"The role of combustion-generated radicals in the toxicity of PM2.5","volume":"28","author":"Dellinger","year":"2000","journal-title":"P. Combust. Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1021\/tx010050x","article-title":"Role of free radicals in the toxicity of airborne fine particulate matter","volume":"14","author":"Dellinger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1021\/es026265q","article-title":"Mechanisms of dioxin formation from the high-temperature pyrolysis of 2-chlorophenol","volume":"37","author":"Evans","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1021\/es048461y","article-title":"Mechanisms of dioxin formation from the high-temperature oxidation of 2-bromophenol","volume":"39","author":"Evans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1089\/109287504323067021","article-title":"Chemical characterization of fine particle emissions from the fireplace combustion of wood types grown in the midwestern and western United States","volume":"21","author":"Fine","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(03)00294-7","article-title":"Toxic by-products from the combustion of kraft lignin","volume":"52","author":"Font","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1021\/tx010121s","article-title":"Catechol and hydroquinone have different redox properties responsible for their differential DNA-damaging ability","volume":"15","author":"Hirakawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0082-0784(98)80419-0","article-title":"Shock-tube study on the high-temperature pyrolysis of phenol","volume":"27","author":"Horn","year":"1998","journal-title":"P. Combust. Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5071","DOI":"10.1021\/es051878z","article-title":"Formation of cyclopentadienyl radical from the gas-phase pyrolysis of hydroquinone, catechol and phenol","volume":"40","author":"Khachatryan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9567","DOI":"10.1021\/jp047762r","article-title":"An elementary reaction kinetic model of the gas-phase formation of polychlorinated dibenzofurans from chlorinated phenols","volume":"108","author":"Khachatryan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-2180(02)00486-8","article-title":"An elementary reaction kinetic model for the gas-phase formation of 1,3,6,8- and 1,3,7,9-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins from 2,4,6-trichlorophenol","volume":"132","author":"Khachatryan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Combust. Flame"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(92)90034-I","article-title":"Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage in cultured human lung-cells \u2013 role of hydroxyl radicals and endonuclease activation","volume":"81","author":"Leanderson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.1016\/S1540-7489(02)80280-2","article-title":"An experimental study on the thermal decomposition of catechol","volume":"29","author":"Ledesma","year":"2003","journal-title":"P. Combust. Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/23.1.41","article-title":"Determination of pyrolysis products of smoked methamphetamine mixed with tobacco by tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Anal. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1021\/j100275a014","article-title":"Thermal-decomposition of methyl phenyl ether in shock-waves \u2013 the kinetics of phenoxy radical reactions","volume":"90","author":"Lin","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(01)00272-7","article-title":"Radical\/radical vs radical\/molecule reactions in the formation of PCDD\/Fs from (chloro)phenols in incinerators","volume":"46","author":"Louw","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1002\/kin.550210706","article-title":"The gas phase pyrolysis of phenol","volume":"21","author":"Lovell","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int. J. Chem. Kinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1021\/jo0161532","article-title":"Bond dissociation enthalpies of polyphenols: The importance of cooperative effects","volume":"67","author":"Lucarini","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1021\/ef010263u","article-title":"Yields of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the pyrolysis of catechol [ortho-dihydroxybenzene]: Temperature and residence time effects","volume":"18","author":"Marsh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Energ. Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0082-0784(96)80276-1","article-title":"Reaction mechanisms in aromatic hydrocarbon formation involving the C5H5 cyclopentadienyl moiety","volume":"26","author":"Melius","year":"1996","journal-title":"P. Combust. Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2647","DOI":"10.1021\/jp047148f","article-title":"Critical re-evaluation of the o\u2013h bond dissociation enthalpy in phenol","volume":"109","author":"Mulder","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib30","unstructured":"NIST, 1998. NIST chemical kinetics database. NIST Standard Reference Database 17. US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8347345","article-title":"Electron-spin resonance study of mainstream and sidestream cigarette-smoke \u2013 nature of the free-radicals in gas-phase smoke and in cigarette tar","volume":"47","author":"Pryor","year":"1983","journal-title":"Environ. Health Persp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1021\/tx970159y","article-title":"Fractionation of aqueous cigarette tar extracts: Fractions that contain the tar radical cause DNA damage","volume":"11","author":"Pryor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib33","first-page":"210","article-title":"Chemical transformation of phenolics in coal carbonization wastewater","volume":"12","author":"Rayalu","year":"1992","journal-title":"Indian J. Environ. Protection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-1285(00)00009-5","article-title":"Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their growth to soot \u2013 A review of chemical reaction pathways","volume":"26","author":"Richter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog. Energ. Combust. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1140238","article-title":"Design aspects of a modular instrumentation system for thermal diagnostic studies","volume":"59","author":"Rubey","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1246\/cl.1976.1153","article-title":"Thermal decarbonylation of catechol, hydroquinone and resolsinol","author":"Sakai","year":"1976","journal-title":"Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60220a024","article-title":"Characterization of catechols, resorcinols, and hydroquinones in an acidic fraction of cigarette-smoke condensate","volume":"26","author":"Schlotzhauer","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Agr. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib38","first-page":"108","article-title":"Characterization of organic aerosols emitted from the combustion of biomass indigenous to south Asia","author":"Sheesley","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(01)00061-0","article-title":"Biomass burning \u2013 a review of organic tracers for smoke from incomplete combustion","volume":"17","author":"Simoneit","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(01)00703-1","article-title":"Quinoid redox cycling as a mechanism for sustained free radical generation by inhaled airborne particulate matter","volume":"31","author":"Squadrito","year":"2001","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib41","first-page":"68","article-title":"A system for thermal diagnostic studies","volume":"22","author":"Striebich","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. Lab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib42","first-page":"155","article-title":"The thermal decomposition of various organic materials using the system for thermal diagnostic studies (STDS)","volume":"1","author":"Striebich","year":"1991","journal-title":"International SAMPE Environmental Conference"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib43","first-page":"281","article-title":"Identification of organic compounds in waste water of wood gasifiers with capillary gas chromatography","volume":"6","author":"Visser","year":"1985","journal-title":"P. Int. Symp. Capillary Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4719","DOI":"10.1021\/jp053628a","article-title":"Formation of naphthalene, indene, and benzene from cyclopentadiene pyrolysis: A DFT study","volume":"110","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0690(200003)2000:6<921::AID-EJOC921>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Products, rates, and mechanism of the gas-phase condensation of phenoxy radicals between 500\u2013840K","author":"Wiater","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1021\/ef00012a008","article-title":"P-31 NMR spectroscopic analysis of coal pyrolysis condensates and extracts for heteroatom functionalities possessing labile hydrogen","volume":"2","author":"Wroblewski","year":"1988","journal-title":"Energ. Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)00236-D","article-title":"Detection of free-radicals in aqueous extracts of cigarette tar by electron-spin-resonance","volume":"19","author":"Zang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653507012350?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653507012350?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,2]],"date-time":"2019-01-02T19:56:17Z","timestamp":1546458977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653507012350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0045653507012350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.10.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}}}