{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:58:06Z","timestamp":1791925086240,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]],"date-time":"2015-05-15T10:47:21Z","timestamp":1431686841000},"page":"395-401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":294,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluating the degradation, sorption, and negative mass balances of pharmaceuticals and personal care products during wastewater treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Blair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Nikolaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis","family":"Hedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Klaper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Grundl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.08.061","article-title":"Monitoring release of pharmaceutical compounds: occurrence and environmental risk assessment of two WWTP effluents and their receiving bodies in the Po Valley, Italy","volume":"438","author":"Al Aukidy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2014.06.031","article-title":"Understanding the removal mechanisms of PPCPs and the influence of main technological parameters in anaerobic UASB and aerobic CAS reactors","volume":"278","author":"Alvarino","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.07.057","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products found in the Great Lakes above concentrations of environmental concern","volume":"93","author":"Blair","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.11.103","article-title":"Evaluation of a model for the removal of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and hormones from wastewater","volume":"444","author":"Blair","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1226850","article-title":"Dilute concentrations of a psychiatric drug alter behavior of fish from natural populations","volume":"339","author":"Brodin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00780","article-title":"The impact of triclosan on the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment","volume":"5","author":"Carey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-014-1247-0","article-title":"Major pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewater treatment plant and receiving water in Beijing, China, and associated ecological risks","volume":"92","author":"Dai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2012.07.037","article-title":"Influence of nitrifying conditions on the biodegradation and sorption of emerging micropollutants","volume":"46","author":"Fernandez-Fontaina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2006.07.039","article-title":"Fate of sulfonamides, macrolides, and trimethoprim in different wastewater treatment technologies","volume":"372","author":"G\u00f6bel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13760","DOI":"10.1021\/es5037139","article-title":"PH-dependent biotransformation of ionizable organic micropollutants in activated sludge","volume":"48","author":"Gulde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2006.02.014","article-title":"Biological degradation of pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater treatment: proposing a classification scheme","volume":"40","author":"Joss","year":"2006","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2002.0065","article-title":"Estimation of pharmaceutical residues in primary and secondary sewage sludge based on quantities of use and fugacity modelling","volume":"46","author":"Khan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.04.078","article-title":"De-conjugation behavior of conjugated estrogens in the raw sewage, activated sludge and river water","volume":"227","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.05.015","article-title":"Fate of triclocarban, triclosan and methyltriclosan during wastewater and biosolids treatment processes","volume":"47","author":"Lozano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2011.05.032","article-title":"Active heterotrophic biomass and sludge retention time (SRT) as determining factors for biodegradation kinetics of pharmaceuticals in activated sludge","volume":"102","author":"Majewsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2011.09.005","article-title":"Xenobiotic mass balances in wastewater treatment plants: residence time distributions as a guiding principle for sampling strategies","volume":"45","author":"Majewsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0085","series-title":"Wastewater Engineering","author":"Metcalf and Eddy Inc.","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.11.045","article-title":"Fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater treatment plants\u2013conception of a database and first results","volume":"157","author":"Miege","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monteiro, S.C., Boxall, A.B.A., 2010, Occurrence and fate of human pharmaceuticals in the environment. In: Whitacre, D.M. (Ed.), Reviews of Environ. Contam. and Toxicol., vol. 202, pp. 53\u2013154.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1157-5_2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.03.060","article-title":"Emerging wastewater contaminant metformin causes intersex and reduced fecundity in fish","volume":"135","author":"Niemuth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.10.046","article-title":"Prediction of concentration levels of metformin and other high consumption pharmaceuticals in wastewater and regional surface water based on sales data","volume":"442","author":"Oosterhuis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6289","DOI":"10.1021\/es100778d","article-title":"Sampling for PPCPs in wastewater systems: comparison of different sampling modes and optimization strategies","volume":"44","author":"Ort","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1039\/c0em00068j","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in effluent matrices: a survey of transformation and removal during wastewater treatment and implications for wastewater management","volume":"12","author":"Oulton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7881","DOI":"10.1021\/es5006362","article-title":"Transformation products and human metabolites of triclocarban and triclosan in sewage sludge across the United States","volume":"48","author":"Pycke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.11.043","article-title":"Fate and distribution of pharmaceuticals in wastewater and sewage sludge of the conventional activated sludge (CAS) and advanced membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment","volume":"43","author":"Radjenovi\u0107","year":"2009","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.03.080","article-title":"Impact of approach used to determine removal levels of drugs of abuse during wastewater treatment","volume":"487","author":"Rodayan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-011-0693-z","article-title":"Assessing the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a full-scale activated sludge plant","volume":"19","author":"Salgado","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1039\/b909311g","article-title":"Occurrence of the antidiabetic drug metformin in sewage and surface waters in Germany","volume":"11","author":"Scheurer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2012.06.019","article-title":"Occurrence and fate of the antidiabetic drug metformin and its metabolite guanylurea in the environment and during drinking water treatment","volume":"46","author":"Scheurer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.11.056","article-title":"Seasonal variation in the occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a wastewater treatment plant in Xiamen, China","volume":"277","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2004.07.015","article-title":"A rapid method to measure the solid\u2013water distribution coefficient (Kd) for pharmaceuticals and musk fragrances in sewage sludge","volume":"38","author":"Ternes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.04.063","article-title":"Use of fugacity model to analyze temperature-dependent removal of micro-contaminants in sewage treatment plants","volume":"84","author":"Thompson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2013.07.083","article-title":"Insight into metabolic and cometabolic activities of autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms in the biodegradation of emerging trace organic contaminants","volume":"146","author":"Tran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.06.057","article-title":"Incomplete aerobic degradation of the antidiabetic drug Metformin and identification of the bacterial dead-end transformation product Guanylurea","volume":"85","author":"Trautwein","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0175","unstructured":"USEPA, 2003. CFR 40, Part 136 \u2013 Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0180","unstructured":"USEPA, 2007a. Method 1694: Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Water, Soil, Sediment, and Biosolids by HPLC\/MS\/MS."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0185","unstructured":"USEPA, 2007b. Method 1698: Steroids and Hormones in Water, Soil, Sediment, and Biosolids by HRGC\/HRMS."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.04.028","article-title":"Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in urban wastewater: removal, mass load and environmental risk after a secondary treatment\u2014a review","volume":"429","author":"Verlicchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653515004245?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653515004245?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,25]],"date-time":"2019-08-25T04:26:17Z","timestamp":1566707177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653515004245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0045653515004245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluating the degradation, sorption, and negative mass balances of pharmaceuticals and personal care products during wastewater treatment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.04.078","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}