{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:41:17Z","timestamp":1778823677813,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]],"date-time":"2017-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]],"date-time":"2017-03-22T08:15:54Z","timestamp":1490170554000},"page":"479-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A simultaneous stabilization and solidification of the top five most toxic heavy metals (Hg, Pb, As, Cr, and Cd)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Hyun-Taek","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8900-1581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tai Gyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.05.027","article-title":"Solidification\/stabilization of fly and bottom ash from medical waste incineration facility","volume":"207\u2013208","author":"Anastasiadou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-009-0111-z","article-title":"Estimated quantities and trends of cadmium, lead, and mercury in US municipal solid waste based on analysis of incinerator ash","volume":"206","author":"Aucott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Water Air, Soil Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib3","series-title":"Technology Performance Review: Selecting and Using Solidification\/Stabilization Treatment for Site Remediation","author":"Barnett","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib4","first-page":"151","article-title":"Chemical stabilization of heavy metals","volume":"3","author":"Barthel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Met. Treat. Technol. MT2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib5","first-page":"6","article-title":"Dredge material stabilization using the pozzolanic or sulfo-pozzolanic reaction of lime by-products to make an engineered structural fill","volume":"3","author":"Beeghly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Soil Sediment. Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.08.037","article-title":"The effectiveness of ferrous iron and sodium dithionite for decreasing resin-extractable Cr (VI) in Cr (VI)-spiked alkaline soils","volume":"164","author":"Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2014.06.026","article-title":"Stabilization\/solidification of mercury-contaminated waste ash using calcium sodium phosphate (CNP) and magnesium potassium phosphate (MKP) processes","volume":"278","author":"Cho","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.07.080","article-title":"Pilot-test of the calcium sodium phosphate (CNP) process for the stabilization\/solidification of various mercury-contaminated wastes","volume":"117","author":"Cho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-053X(99)00312-8","article-title":"Heavy metal stabilization in municipal solid waste combustion bottom ash using soluble phosphate","volume":"20","author":"Crannell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-7952(03)00105-4","article-title":"Utilization of fly ash for stabilization\/solidification of heavy metal contaminated soils","volume":"70","author":"Dermatas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eng. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib11","first-page":"112","article-title":"Heavy metal pollution and human biotoxic effects","volume":"2","author":"Duruibe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Phys. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2011.11.017","article-title":"Interaction between low-grade magnesium oxide and boric acid in chemically bonded phosphate ceramics formulation","volume":"38","author":"Formosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-053X(01)00057-5","article-title":"Sulfur polymer solidification\/stabilization of elemental mercury waste","volume":"22","author":"Fuhrmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib14","series-title":"Technologies for the Stabilization of Elemental Mercury and Mercury-containing Wastes","author":"Hagemann","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3894(03)00245-0","article-title":"Evaluating the applicability of a modified toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) for the classification of cementitious wastes containing lead and cadmium","volume":"103","author":"Halim","year":"2003","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"2003","key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldg032","article-title":"Hazards of heavy metal contamination","volume":"68","author":"J\u00e4rup","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62000-0","article-title":"The Minamata convention on Mercury: risk in perspective","volume":"383","author":"Larson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.12.110","article-title":"Improvement of ground granulated blast furnace slag on stabilization\/solidification of simulated mercury-doped wastes in chemically bonded phosphate ceramics","volume":"157","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.10.115","article-title":"The Minamata convention on Mercury: attempting to address the global controversy of dental amalgam use and mercury waste disposal","volume":"472","author":"Mackey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-010-0297-8","article-title":"Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review","volume":"8","author":"Nagajyoti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1002\/ep.11806","article-title":"Magnesium deterioration and lead stabilization\/solidification using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure","volume":"33","author":"Nicklaus","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Progress Sustain. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1139\/a06-004","article-title":"Solidification-stabilization of organic and inorganic contaminants using Portland cement: a literature review","volume":"14","author":"Paria","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000144","article-title":"Bench-scale evaluation of chemically bonded phosphate ceramic technology to stabilize mercury waste mixtures","volume":"136","author":"Randall","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Environ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2010.05.049","article-title":"Arsenic leaching characteristics of the sludges from iron based removal process","volume":"261","author":"Shafiquzzaman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib25","series-title":"Waste Containment Systems, Waste Stabilization, and Landfills: Design and Evaluation","author":"Sharma","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib26","first-page":"527","article-title":"Chemically bonded phosphate ceramics for low-level mixed-waste stabilization","volume":"32","author":"Singh","year":"1997","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Environ. Sci. Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(96)00009-1","article-title":"Chemical fixation of arsenic in contaminated soils","volume":"11","author":"Voigt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Appl. Geochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib28","series-title":"Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramics: Twenty-first Century Materials with Diverse Applications","author":"Wagh","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib29","unstructured":"Wagh, A.S., Singh, D., Jeong, S.-Y., 1998. Method of waste stabilization via chemically bonded phosphate ceramics. U.S. Patent No. 5830815, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Washington, DC."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2013.08.031","article-title":"Effect of raw material ratios on the compressive strength of magnesium potassium phosphate chemically bonded ceramics","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2013.02.014","article-title":"Effect of liquid-to-solid ratios on the properties of magnesium phosphate chemically bonded ceramics","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2015.07.037","article-title":"A\u00a0comparative study on the heavy metal solidification\/stabilization performance of four chemical solidifying agents in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash","volume":"300","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.11.005","article-title":"Hierarchically microporous\/macroporous scaffold of magnesium\u2013calcium phosphate for bone tissue regeneration","volume":"31","author":"Wei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.111","article-title":"Prediction of standard compressive strength of cement by the electrical resistivity measurement","volume":"31","author":"Wei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib35","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Minamata convention on Mercury and the future of multilateral environmental agreements","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Law Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2015.02.015","article-title":"Screening and assessment of solidification\/stabilization amendments suitable for soils of lead-acid battery contaminated site","volume":"288","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard. Mater."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653517304630?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653517304630?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]],"date-time":"2019-11-05T01:53:46Z","timestamp":1572918826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653517304630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S0045653517304630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A simultaneous stabilization and solidification of the top five most toxic heavy metals (Hg, Pb, As, Cr, and Cd)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.092","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}