{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T15:07:00Z","timestamp":1791817620350,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFC1802002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1802002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1806216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1806216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011798","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18nybcdhj-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18nybcdhj-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011798","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011798","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18nybcdhj-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18nybcdhj-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011798","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002338","name":"Ministry of Education, China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T2017002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2017002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T02:59:33Z","timestamp":1570157973000},"page":"125044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":201,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Aqueous Cr(VI) removal by a novel ball milled Fe0-biochar composite: Role of biochar electron transfer capacity under high pyrolysis temperature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"241","author":[{"given":"Kun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuebing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7633-1701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingchun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.04.063","article-title":"Nano-Fe0 immobilized onto functionalized biochar gaining excellent stability during sorption and reduction of chloramphenicol via transforming to reusable magnetic composite","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7877","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-018-2097-7","article-title":"Synthesis and thermal stability of homogeneous nanostructured Fe3C (cementite)","volume":"53","author":"Al-Joubori","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-018-2097-7","article-title":"Synthesis and thermal stability of homogeneous nanostructured Fe3C (cementite)","volume":"53","author":"Al-Joubori","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apt.2016.12.026","article-title":"Nanocrystalline Fe\u2013C composites obtained by mechanical alloying of iron and carbon nanotubes","volume":"28","author":"Boshko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Powder Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2012.08.078","article-title":"Research of hydrogen generation by the reaction of Al-based materials with water","volume":"222","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Power Sources"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2013.02.006","article-title":"Nanocrystalline Fe\u2013C alloys produced by ball milling of iron and graphite","volume":"61","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2019.117796","article-title":"A\u00a0biochar modified nickel-foam cathode with iron-foam catalyst in electro-Fenton for sulfamerazine degradation","volume":"256","author":"Deng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B-Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2006.06.060","article-title":"Activated carbons and low cost adsorbents for remediation of tri- and hexavalent chromium from water","volume":"137","author":"Dinesh","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.11.009","article-title":"Removal of hexavalent chromium by biochar supported nZVI composite: Batch and fixed-bed column evaluations, mechanisms, and secondary contamination prevention","volume":"217","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.12.062","article-title":"The use of zero-valent iron for groundwater remediation and wastewater treatment: a review","volume":"267","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.11.207","article-title":"Activation of peroxymonosulfate by graphitized hierarchical porous biochar and MnFe2O4 magnetic nanoarchitecture for organic pollutants degradation: structure dependence and mechanism","volume":"360","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2015.07.038","article-title":"Degradation of trichloroethene with a novel ball milled Fe-C nanocomposite","volume":"300","author":"Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2008.12.133","article-title":"Microstructure characterization of nanocrystalline Ni3C synthesized by high-energy ball milling","volume":"479","author":"Ghosh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Alloy. Comp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2009.06.170","article-title":"Microstructural characterization of nanocrystalline SiC synthesized by high-energy ball-milling","volume":"486","author":"Ghosh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Alloy. Comp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2009.11.048","article-title":"Microstructure characterization of nanocrystalline TiC synthesized by mechanical alloying","volume":"120","author":"Ghosh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2009.02.058","article-title":"Transport of carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized iron nanoparticles in porous media: column experiments and modeling","volume":"334","author":"He","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2600","DOI":"10.1021\/es702589u","article-title":"Carbothermal synthesis of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron particles for the remediation of hexavalent chromium","volume":"42","author":"Hoch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2014.01.037","article-title":"Characterization and mechanism analysis of activated carbon fiber felt-stabilized nanoscale zero-valent iron for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution","volume":"447","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Colloids surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2015.06.012","article-title":"Graphitic biochar as a cathode electrocatalyst support for microbial fuel cells","volume":"195","author":"Huggins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2014.08.002","article-title":"Investigation of washing and storage strategy on aging of Mg-aminoclay (MgAC) coated nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles","volume":"119","author":"Hwang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2013.09.074","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, and dye sorption ability of carbon nanotube\u2013biochar nanocomposites","volume":"236","author":"Inyang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8616","DOI":"10.1021\/es901968g","article-title":"Multifunctional colloidal particles for in situ remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons","volume":"43","author":"Jingjing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.09.052","article-title":"Environmental transformations and ecological effects of iron-based nanoparticles","volume":"232","author":"Lei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.09.025","article-title":"Removal of chromium (VI) from wastewater using bentonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron","volume":"45","author":"Li-na","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1039\/b913056j","article-title":"Solvent-free production of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) with precision milling","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2015.12.022","article-title":"Nanoscale zerovalent iron decorated on graphene nanosheets for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution: surface corrosion retard induced the enhanced performance","volume":"288","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2016.03.022","article-title":"Decolorization of Methyl Orange by a new clay-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron: Synergetic effect, efficiency optimization and mechanism","volume":"52","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2010.06.020","article-title":"Adsorptive removal of Cr (VI) by Fe-modified activated carbon prepared from Trapa natans husk","volume":"162","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.10.037","article-title":"Effects of ball milling on the physicochemical and sorptive properties of biochar: Experimental observations and governing mechanisms","volume":"233","author":"Lyu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.10.130","article-title":"Experimental and modeling investigations of ball-milled biochar for the removal of aqueous methylene blue","volume":"335","author":"Lyu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.04.058","article-title":"Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by a novel biochar supported nanoscale iron sulfide composite","volume":"322","author":"Lyu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2013.09.042","article-title":"Mechanical behavior and strengthening mechanisms in ultrafine grain precipitation-strengthened aluminum alloy","volume":"62","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.06.004","article-title":"Influence of pyrolysis temperature on composted sewage sludge biochar priming effect in a loamy soil","volume":"93","author":"M\u00e9ndez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.07.170","article-title":"Activated carbon impregnated by zero-valent iron nanoparticles (AC\/nZVI) optimized for simultaneous adsorption and reduction of aqueous hexavalent chromium: material characterizations and kinetic studies","volume":"353","author":"Mortazavian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1021\/am507815t","article-title":"Insight into core-shell dependent anoxic Cr(VI) removal with Fe@Fe2O3 nanowires: Indispensable role of surface bound Fe(II)","volume":"7","author":"Mu","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2015.05.008","article-title":"Negative impact of oxygen molecular activation on Cr(VI) removal with core-shell Fe@Fe2O3 nanowires.","volume":"298","author":"Mu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2004.06.013","article-title":"Removal of hexavalent chromium from solutions by mackinawite, tetragonal FeS","volume":"244","author":"Mullet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2014.01.093","article-title":"Highly efficient removal of Cr(VI) from water with nanoparticulated zerovalent iron: Understanding the Fe(III)-Cr(III) passive outer layer structure","volume":"244","author":"Nahuel Montesinos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1021\/es049190u","article-title":"Characterization and properties of metallic iron nanoparticles: spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and kinetics","volume":"39","author":"Nurmi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2016.06.061","article-title":"Reductive removal of 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,4-dichlorophenol with zero-valent iron-included biochar","volume":"216","author":"Oh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-007-9315-6","article-title":"Stabilization of aqueous nanoscale zerovalent iron dispersions by anionic polyelectrolytes: adsorbed anionic polyelectrolyte layer properties and their effect on aggregation and sedimentation","volume":"10","author":"Phenrat","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Nanoparticle Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.10.030","article-title":"Enhanced removal of Cr(VI) by silicon rich biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron","volume":"215","author":"Qian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2016.01.065","article-title":"Effective removal of heavy metal by biochar colloids under different pyrolysis temperatures","volume":"206","author":"Qian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.01.127","article-title":"Modeling and evaluation of chromium remediation from water using low cost bio-char, a green adsorbent","volume":"188","author":"Rajput","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.09.067","article-title":"Rule of Fe0 nano-particles and biopolymer structures in kinds of the connected pairs to remove Acid Yellow 17 from aqueous solution: simultaneous removal of dye in two paths and by four mechanisms","volume":"197","author":"Rakhshaee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(00)00006-5","article-title":"Preparation, characterization, and performance of magnetic iron-carbon composite microparticles for chemotherapy","volume":"21","author":"Rudge","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.02.091","article-title":"Enhanced Cr(VI) removal from acidic solutions using biochar modified by Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2 particles","volume":"628\u2013629","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14873","article-title":"Rapid electron transfer by the carbon matrix in natural pyrogenic carbon","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Comm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.01.047","article-title":"Multifunctional iron-biochar composites for the removal of potentially toxic elements, inherent cations, and hetero-chloride from hydraulic fracturing wastewater","volume":"124","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.05.028","article-title":"Preparation of a novel graphene oxide\/Fe-Mn composite and its application for aqueous Hg(II) removal","volume":"316","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.01.047","article-title":"Concurrent adsorption and micro-electrolysis of Cr(VI) by nanoscale zerovalent iron\/biochar\/Ca-alginate composite","volume":"247","author":"Wan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.06.149","article-title":"Debromination of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) by zero valent metals and iron-based bimetallic particles: mechanisms, pathways and predicting descriptor","volume":"351","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.01.052","article-title":"Adsorptive removal of arsenate from aqueous solutions by biochar supported zero-valent iron nanocomposite: batch and continuous flow tests","volume":"322","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.01.052","article-title":"Adsorptive removal of arsenate from aqueous solutions by biochar supported zero-valent iron nanocomposite: batch and continuous flow tests","volume":"322","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.07.127","article-title":"Enhanced nitrate removal and high selectivity towards dinitrogen for groundwater remediation using biochar-supported nano zero-valent iron","volume":"353","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.04.099","article-title":"Dynamic study of Cr(VI) removal performance and mechanism from water using multilayer material coated nanoscale zerovalent iron","volume":"240","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.06.029","article-title":"Fabrication and characterization of hydrophilic corn stalk biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron composites for efficient metal removal","volume":"265","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1021\/sc500092z","article-title":"A\u00a0new carbon\/ferrous sulfide\/iron composite prepared by an in situ carbonization reduction method from hemp (cannabis sativa L.) stems and its Cr(VI) removal ability","volume":"2","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2014.09.016","article-title":"Influence of pyrolysis temperature and holding time on properties of biochar derived from medicinal herb (radix isatidis) residue and its effect on soil CO2 emission","volume":"110","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.11.040","article-title":"A\u00a0novel biochar supported CMC stabilized nano zero-valent iron composite for hexavalent chromium removal from water","volume":"217","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.11.040","article-title":"A\u00a0novel biochar supported CMC stabilized nano zero-valent iron composite for hexavalent chromium removal from water","volume":"217","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.07.125","article-title":"Adsorption-reduction removal of Cr(VI) by tobacco petiole pyrolytic biochar: batch experiment, kinetic and mechanism studies","volume":"268","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.10.030","article-title":"Temporospatial evolution and removal mechanisms of As(V) and Se(VI) in ZVI column with H2O2 as corrosion accelerator","volume":"106","author":"Zhe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2012.11.029","article-title":"Degradation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid by ultrasound and zero-valent iron\/activated carbon","volume":"104","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Separ. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2016.06.102","article-title":"Investigation of the adsorption-reduction mechanisms of hexavalent chromium by ramie biochars of different pyrolytic temperatures","volume":"218","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2013.07.036","article-title":"Sorption of heavy metals on chitosan-modified biochars and its biological effects","volume":"231","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8649","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b01817","article-title":"Catalytic removal of aqueous contaminants on N-doped graphitic biochars: inherent roles of adsorption and nonradical mechanisms","volume":"52","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2014.05.038","article-title":"Carbothermal preparation of porous carbon-encapsulated iron composite for the removal of trace hexavalent chromium","volume":"253","author":"Zhuang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653519322830?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653519322830?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T10:59:44Z","timestamp":1758625184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653519322830"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S0045653519322830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Aqueous Cr(VI) removal by a novel ball milled Fe0-biochar composite: Role of biochar electron transfer capacity under high pyrolysis temperature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125044","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"125044"}}