{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T06:35:28Z","timestamp":1781764528770,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,29]],"date-time":"2020-03-29T05:24:49Z","timestamp":1585459489000},"page":"126607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Copper removal from contaminated soil through electrokinetic process with reactive filter media"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"252","author":[{"given":"Romina","family":"Ghobadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Altaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John L.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"McLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudesh","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.12.016","article-title":"Electrokinetic remediation of plutonium-contaminated nuclear site wastes: results from a pilot-scale on-site trial","volume":"186","author":"Agnew","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.04.063","article-title":"Nano-Fe0 immobilized onto functionalized biochar gaining excellent stability during sorption and reduction of chloramphenicol via transforming to reusable magnetic composite","volume":"322","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.05.130","article-title":"Adsorptive removal of antibiotics from water and wastewater: progress and challenges","volume":"532","author":"Ahmed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2016.11.016","article-title":"Life cycle environmental and economic performance of biochar compared with activated carbon: a meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Alhashimi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib5","first-page":"1611","article-title":"The feasibility of decontamination of reduced saline sediments from copper using the electrokinetic process","volume":"88","author":"Altaee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.12.087","article-title":"Application of biosurfactants and periodic voltage gradient for enhanced electrokinetic remediation of metals and PAHs in dredged marine sediments","volume":"125","author":"Ammami","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)30046-1","article-title":"Biochar: an emerging panacea for remediation of soil contaminants from mining, industry and sewage wastes","volume":"25","author":"Anawar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pedosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.05.029","article-title":"Comparison of natural organic matter adsorption capacities of super-powdered activated carbon and powdered activated Carbon","volume":"44","author":"Ando","year":"2010","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.03.038","article-title":"Humic substances-enhanced electroremediation of heavy metals contaminated soil","volume":"312","author":"Bahemmat","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.02.003","article-title":"Effects of biochar and greenwaste compost amendments on mobility, bioavailability and toxicity of inorganic and organic contaminants in a multi-element polluted soil","volume":"158","author":"Beesley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15877","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-5672-3","article-title":"Impact of treated urban wastewater for reuse in agriculture on crop response and soil ecotoxicity","volume":"23","author":"Belhaj","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2012.12.038","article-title":"An overview of the modification methods of activated carbon for its water treatment applications","volume":"219","author":"Bhatnagar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2010.12.052","article-title":"Influence of electrical fields (AC and DC) on phytoremediation of metal polluted soils with rapeseed (Brassica napus) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)","volume":"83","author":"Bi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.12.023","article-title":"Avoidance tests with Folsomia candida for the assessment of copper contamination in agricultural soils","volume":"159","author":"Boiteau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.08.034","article-title":"Sorption of native polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to black carbon and amended activated carbon in soil","volume":"73","author":"Br\u00e4ndli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.06.029","article-title":"Electrokinetic-enhanced phytoremediation of soils: status and opportunities","volume":"93","author":"Cameselle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1080\/01496390902976699","article-title":"Coupling electrokinetics with permeable reactive barriers of zero-valent iron for treating a chromium contaminated soil","volume":"44","author":"Cang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Separ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.01.092","article-title":"Electrokinetic remediation of chromium (Cr)-contaminated soil with citric acid (CA) and polyaspartic acid (PASP) as electrolytes","volume":"316","author":"Fu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.02.037","article-title":"Electrokinetic remediation of organochlorines in soil: enhancement techniques and integration with other remediation technologies","volume":"87","author":"Gomes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2015.02.216","article-title":"Solar powered electrokinetic remediation of Cu polluted soil using a novel anode configuration","volume":"181","author":"Hassan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.09.070","article-title":"Assessment of diffuse contamination of agricultural soil by copper in Aquitaine region by using French national databases","volume":"441","author":"Hadri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2015.04.093","article-title":"Electrokinetic remediation of metal-polluted marine sediments: experimental investigation for plant design","volume":"181","author":"Iannelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2015.03.065","article-title":"Application of solar-cells in the electrokinetic remediation of As-contaminated soil","volume":"181","author":"Jeon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gexplo.2016.11.021","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of technologies for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils","volume":"182","author":"Khalid","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Geochem. Explor."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2011.03.002","article-title":"Research and field experiences on electrokinetic remediation in South Korea","volume":"79","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Separ. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2012.02.078","article-title":"In situ field scale electrokinetic remediation of multi-metals contaminated paddy soil: influence of electrode configuration","volume":"86","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125038","article-title":"Comparison of humic and fulvic acid on remediation of arsenic contaminated soil by electrokinetic technology","volume":"241","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2016.04.023","article-title":"A\u00a0comprehensive guide of remediation technologies for oil contaminated soil - present works and future directions","volume":"109","author":"Lim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2003.10.002","article-title":"Phytoremediation of lead using Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) with EDTA and electrodics","volume":"76","author":"Lim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.143","article-title":"Environmental electrokinetics for a sustainable subsurface","volume":"181","author":"Lima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1080\/10934520801974442","article-title":"Electromigration of microbial electron acceptors and nutrients: (II) transport in groundwater","volume":"43","author":"Lohner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Environ. Sci. Health. A. Tox. Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2013.03.004","article-title":"Characterization of sewage sludge-derived biochars from different feedstocks and pyrolysis temperatures","volume":"102","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Anal. Appl. Pyrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.11.093","article-title":"Simultaneous removal of 2,4- dichlorophenol and Cd from soils by electrokinetic remediation combined with activated bamboo charcoal","volume":"176","author":"Ma","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.12.032","article-title":"Multispecies reactive transport modelling of electrokinetic remediation of harbour sediments","volume":"326","author":"Masi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2559","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-019-00302-w","article-title":"Chemical and microbiological risk assessment of urban river water quality in Vietnam","volume":"41","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2010.12.015","article-title":"Removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge with a combination of bioleaching and electrokinetic remediation technology","volume":"271","author":"Peng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2014.02.107","article-title":"Enhanced electrokinetic technologies with oxidization\u2013reduction for organically-contaminated soil remediation","volume":"247","author":"Ren","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib38","first-page":"47","article-title":"Electrokinetic removal of heavy metals from soil","volume":"5","author":"Sivapullaiah","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Electrochem. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.05.001","article-title":"Evaluation methods for assessing effectiveness of in situ remediation of soil and sediment contaminated with organic pollutants and heavy metals","volume":"105","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.07.094","article-title":"Application of a crustacean bioassay to evaluate amulti-contaminated (metal, PAH, PCB) harbor sediment before and after electrokinetic remediation using eco-friendly enhancing agents","volume":"607\u2013608","author":"Tian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2005.06.012","article-title":"Adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III) ions by tannic acid immobilised activated carbon","volume":"47","author":"\u00dc\u00e7er","year":"2006","journal-title":"Separ. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2011.01.022","article-title":"Milestone developments, myths, and future directions of electrokinetic remediation","volume":"79","author":"Yeung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Separ. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.08.047","article-title":"A\u00a0review on techniques to enhance electrochemical remediation of contaminated soils","volume":"195","author":"Yeung","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.12.008","article-title":"The mechanisms of arsenic removal from soil by electrokinetic process coupled with iron permeable reaction barrier","volume":"67","author":"Yuan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.06.059","article-title":"Electrokinetic remediation of arsenate spiked soil assisted by CNT-Co barrier \u2013 the effect of barrier position and processing fluid","volume":"171","author":"Yuan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2016.07.081","article-title":"Electrokinetic remediation of heavy metals contaminated kaolin by a CNT-covered polyethylene terephthalate yarn cathode","volume":"213","author":"Yuan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2017.03.142","article-title":"The influence of macroelements on energy consumption during periodic power electrokinetic remediation of heavy metals contaminated black soil","volume":"235","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34541","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA04834F","article-title":"Efficiency of biochar and compost (or composting) combined amendments for reducing Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb bioavailability, mobility and ecological risk in wetland soil","volume":"5","author":"Zeng","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proenv.2016.02.036","article-title":"Remediation of copper contaminated kaolin by electrokinetics coupled with permeable reactive barrier","volume":"31","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proced. Environ. Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2017.09.006","article-title":"Exchange electrode-electrokinetic remediation of Cr-contaminated soil using solar energy","volume":"190","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Separ. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2016.03.033","article-title":"Ammonia enhanced electrokinetics coupled with bamboo charcoal adsorption for remediation of fluorine-contaminated kaolin clay","volume":"198","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653520308006?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653520308006?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T11:17:40Z","timestamp":1758626260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653520308006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0045653520308006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Copper removal from contaminated soil through electrokinetic process with reactive filter media","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126607","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"126607"}}