{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T03:51:57Z","timestamp":1793073117116,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T10:35:55Z","timestamp":1610620555000},"page":"129650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cancer risk assessment for exposure to hazardous volatile organic compounds in Calgary, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"272","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4285-1853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiabin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9364-116X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8251-2928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib1","series-title":"Alberta Corporate Income Tax Rates and Effective Dates","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib2","series-title":"General Information about City of Calgary","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(99)00460-4","article-title":"Atmospheric chemistry of VOCs and NOx","volume":"34","author":"Atkinson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4605","DOI":"10.1021\/cr0206420","article-title":"Atmospheric degradation of volatile organic compounds","volume":"103","author":"Atkinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib5","series-title":"Toxicological Profile for Benzene","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.12.157","article-title":"Concentrations, sources and human health risk of inhalation exposure to air toxics in Edmonton, Canada","volume":"173","author":"Bari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.03.023","article-title":"Ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Calgary, Alberta: sources and screening health risk assessment","volume":"631","author":"Bari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.12.065","article-title":"Ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in communities of the Athabasca oil sands region: sources and screening health risk assessment","volume":"235","author":"Bari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11961","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-11961-2016","article-title":"Seasonal variability and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Paris megacity (France)","volume":"16","author":"Baudic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.11.041","article-title":"Source and meteorological influences on air quality (CO, CH4 & CO2) at a Southern Hemisphere urban site","volume":"126","author":"Buchholz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib12","series-title":"Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Guidance Manual","author":"CalEPA","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1021\/es60114a003","article-title":"Hydrocarbon involvement in photochemical smog formation in Los Angeles atmosphere","volume":"10","author":"Calvert","year":"1976","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1080\/1073161X.1994.10467290","article-title":"Development of ozone reactivity scales for volatile organic compounds","volume":"44","author":"Carter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Air Waste"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib15","series-title":"Oil and Natural Gas Productions in Calgary from 2009 to 2018","author":"City of Calgary","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1074610","article-title":"Air-snow interactions and atmospheric chemistry","volume":"297","author":"Domin\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib17","series-title":"Proposed Revisions to the Ozone-Depleting Substances Regulations, 1998 - Consultation Document","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib18","series-title":"NAPS Data Portal","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib19","series-title":"Investor Perceptions of Alberta\u2019s Oil and Gas Policy Changes","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201211-2004OC","article-title":"Associations of ambient air pollution with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalization and mortality","volume":"187","author":"Gan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib21","series-title":"Federal Contaminated Site Risk Assessment in Canada Part I: Gudance on Human Health Preliminary Quantitative Risk Assessment","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.04.076","article-title":"Ambient VOCs in residential areas near a large-scale petrochemical complex: spatiotemporal variation, source apportionment and health risk","volume":"240","author":"Hsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13774","article-title":"High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China","volume":"514","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib24","series-title":"Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: an Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.01.070","article-title":"Source profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured in China: Part I","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib26","series-title":"Corporate Tax Breaks","author":"Mintz","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.01.010","article-title":"Chemical composition of major VOC emission sources in the Seoul atmosphere","volume":"55","author":"Na","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib28","series-title":"Human Health Risk Assessment for Exposure to BTEXN in an Urban Aquifer Using Deterministic and Probabilistic Methods: A Case Study of Chennai City, India","first-page":"114814","author":"Rajasekhar","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/0272-4332.211088","article-title":"Practical methods for meeting remediation goals at hazardous waste sites","volume":"21","author":"Schulz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Risk Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib30","series-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: from Air Pollution to Climate Change","author":"Seinfeld","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2005.00593.x","article-title":"A\u00a0multilayered box model for calculating preliminary remediation goals in soil screening","volume":"25","author":"Shan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Risk Anal.: Int. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11931","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-10-11931-2010","article-title":"Characterization of trace gases measured over Alberta oil sands mining operations: 76 speciated C2\u2013C10 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), CO2, CH4, CO, NO, NO2, NOy, O3 and SO2","volume":"10","author":"Simpson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.04.081","article-title":"Characteristics and formation mechanism of persistent extreme haze pollution events in Chengdu, southwestern China","volume":"251","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib34","series-title":"Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume 1, Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part B, Development of Risk-Based Preliminary Remediation Goals)","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib35","series-title":"Exposure Factors Handbook, Volume I-General Factors","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib36","series-title":"Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. Risk Assessment Forum","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib37","series-title":"Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I: Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part F, Supplemental Guidance for Inhalation Risk Assessment)","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib38","series-title":"Initial List of Hazardous Air Pollutants with Modifications","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7577","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-12-7577-2012","article-title":"Modeling SOA formation from the oxidation of intermediate volatility n-alkanes","volume":"12","author":"Valorso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.3109\/10915818909018049","article-title":"The Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) study: an analysis of exposures, sources, and risks associated with four volatile organic chemicals","volume":"8","author":"Wallace","year":"1989","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Coll. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2020.05.003","article-title":"The pollution levels, variation characteristics, sources and implications of atmospheric carbonyls in a typical rural area of North China Plain during winter","volume":"95","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(2002)015<2690:RFDTRG>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Radiative forcing due to reactive gas emissions","volume":"15","author":"Wigley","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2008.09.009","article-title":"Cancer risk assessment of selected hazardous air pollutants in Seattle","volume":"35","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135970","article-title":"Ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in two coastal cities in western Canada: spatiotemporal variation, source apportionment, and health risk assessment","volume":"706","author":"Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137698","article-title":"Source-resolved attribution of ground-level ozone formation potential from VOC emissions in Metropolitan Vancouver, BC","volume":"721","author":"Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110217","article-title":"Optimization of a volatile organic compound control strategy in an oil industry center in Canada by evaluating ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potential","volume":"191","author":"Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2010.02.014","article-title":"Source profiles of volatile organic compounds associated with solvent use in Beijing, China","volume":"44","author":"Yuan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653521001193?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653521001193?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T11:43:38Z","timestamp":1758627818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653521001193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0045653521001193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cancer risk assessment for exposure to hazardous volatile organic compounds in Calgary, Canada","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129650","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"129650"}}