{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:30:46Z","timestamp":1793248246225,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]],"date-time":"2023-06-21T11:29:56Z","timestamp":1687346996000},"page":"139294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Disintegration of biochar adsorbent under the hydraulic conditions of fixed bed water treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"336","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7751-024X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Sedighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.01.051","article-title":"Combination of granular activated carbon adsorption and deep-bed filtration as a single advanced wastewater treatment step for organic micropollutant and phosphorus removal","volume":"92","author":"Altmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.132538","article-title":"Biochars intended for water filtration: a comparative study with activated carbons of their physicochemical properties and removal efficiency towards neutral and anionic organic pollutants","volume":"288","author":"Castiglioni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1520\/GTJ11087J","article-title":"Determination of surface area of fine-grained soils by the ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) method","volume":"25","author":"Cerato","year":"2002","journal-title":"Geotech. Test J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.01.161","article-title":"The adsorption, regeneration and engineering applications of biochar for removal organic pollutants: a review","volume":"223","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116765","article-title":"Empty bed contact time: the key for micropollutant removal in activated carbon filters","volume":"191","author":"Fundneider","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-10606-5","article-title":"Co-transport of biochar colloids with organic contaminants in soil column","volume":"28","author":"Hameed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.03.123","article-title":"Leakage of soluble microbial products from biological activated carbon filtration in drinking water treatment plants and its influence on health risks","volume":"202","author":"Hong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10761","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c01814","article-title":"Biochar nanoparticles induced distinct biological effects on freshwater algae via oxidative stress, membrane damage, and nutrient depletion","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.134163","article-title":"Biochar-based composites for remediation of polluted wastewater and soil environments: challenges and prospects","volume":"297","author":"Issaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.4141\/S98-069","article-title":"Comparison of three methods of measuring surface area of soils","volume":"79","author":"Jong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can. J. Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2021.106099","article-title":"Ozonation treatment processes for the remediation of detergent wastewater: a comprehensive review","volume":"9","author":"Joseph","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117585","article-title":"Transport and deposition of microplastic particles in saturated porous media: Co-effects of clay particles and natural organic matter\u2019","volume":"287","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b05066","article-title":"New insights into black carbon nanoparticle-induced dispersibility of goethite colloids and configuration-dependent sorption for phenanthrene","volume":"53","author":"Lian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8821","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c02227","article-title":"Size matters: nano-biochar triggers decomposition and transformation inhibition of antibiotic resistance genes in aqueous environments","volume":"54","author":"Lian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10369","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b01481","article-title":"Formation and physicochemical characteristics of nano biochar: insight into chemical and colloidal stability","volume":"52","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.133427","article-title":"Effect of ageing on biochar properties and pollutant management","volume":"292","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s44246-023-00036-6","article-title":"Biochar nanoparticles-mediated transport of organic contaminants in porous media: dependency on contaminant properties and effects of biochar aging","volume":"2","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carbon Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.03.046","article-title":"Identifying, counting, and characterizing superfine activated-carbon particles remaining after coagulation, sedimentation, and sand filtration","volume":"138","author":"Nakazawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7934","DOI":"10.1021\/es302666s","article-title":"Controlling air pollution from straw burning in China calls for efficient recycling","volume":"46","author":"Qu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131288","article-title":"Competitive adsorption of multicomponent volatile organic compounds on biochar","volume":"283","author":"Rajabi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.129310","article-title":"Sorption behaviour of xylene isomers on biochar from a range of feedstock","volume":"268","author":"Rajabi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.10.055","article-title":"Calcium phosphate scaling during wastewater desalination on oligoamide surfaces mimicking reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes","volume":"128","author":"Rathinam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1021\/ez500199t","article-title":"Physical disintegration of biochar: an overlooked process","volume":"1","author":"Spokas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2013.06.055","article-title":"Modeling simple experiments of biochar erosion from soil","volume":"499","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14797","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c04033","article-title":"Biochar aging: mechanisms, physicochemical changes, assessment, and implications for field applications","volume":"54","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib26","article-title":"Filtration of microplastic spheres by biochar: removal efficiency and immobilisation mechanisms","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib27","article-title":"Hydraulic behaviour of sand-biochar mixtures in water and wastewater treatment applications","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.10.056","article-title":"pH, ionic strength and dissolved organic matter alter aggregation of fullerene C60 nanoparticles suspensions in wastewater","volume":"244\u2013245","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.03.044","article-title":"Effect of adsorbent addition on floc formation and clarification","volume":"98","author":"Younker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.115383","article-title":"Potential disintegration and transport of biochar in the soil-water environment: a case study towards purple soil","volume":"222","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.05.087","article-title":"Release and transport of Pb(II) adsorbed on graphene oxide under alkaline conditions in a saturated sand column","volume":"377","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653523015618?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653523015618?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T13:34:43Z","timestamp":1758634483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653523015618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S0045653523015618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Disintegration of biochar adsorbent under the hydraulic conditions of fixed bed water treatment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139294","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"139294"}}