{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:02:10Z","timestamp":1782230530235,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TURSP-HC2023\/8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TURSP-HC2023\/8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T08:43:11Z","timestamp":1695631391000},"page":"140274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Nanosized core-shell (NiFe2O4\/TiO2) heterostructure for enhanced photodegradation against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"343","author":[{"given":"Sultan","family":"Alomairy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lalitha","family":"Gnanasekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saravanan","family":"Rajendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walaa F.","family":"Alsanie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2022.01.236","article-title":"Development of internal electric field induced NiFe2O4\/CdO p-n nano-heterojunctions for solar light activated photodegradation of methylene blue dye","volume":"48","author":"Agboola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2020.110964","article-title":"Photocatalytic degradation of model pharmaceutical pollutant by novel magnetic TiO2@ZnFe2O4\/Pd nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability under solar light irradiation","volume":"271","author":"Ahmadpour","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.33945\/SAMI\/JCR.2020.2.2","article-title":"Zinc ferrite nanoparticles in photo-degradation of dye: mini-Review","volume":"2","author":"Ajormal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.138077","article-title":"Hydrothermally synthesized Ag-TiO2 nanofibers (NFs) for photocatalytic dye degradation and antibacterial activity","volume":"321","author":"Aravind","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib5","first-page":"531","article-title":"Catalytic activity and kinetic studies of core@shell nanostructure NiFe2O4@TiO2 for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye","volume":"42","author":"Baig","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.Chem.Soc.Pak."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings12101407","article-title":"Preparation of ZnFe2O4@TiO2 novel core-shell photocatalyst by ultrasonic method and its photocatalytic degradation activity","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Coatings"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inoche.2021.108481","article-title":"Investigation on photocatalytic activity of ZnS\/NiFe2O4 NCs under sunlight irradiation via a novel two-step synthesis approach","volume":"126","author":"Dharmaraja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3491","DOI":"10.1039\/D0QI01311K","article-title":"M\/TiO2 (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen production under UV and visible light irradiation","volume":"8","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Front."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.129028","article-title":"Enhanced photocatalytic activity by synergic action of ZIF-8 and NiFe2O4 under visible light irradiation","volume":"1223","author":"Faraji","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.137311","article-title":"Nanocubic copper cobaltite for methyl orange degradation through photocatalytic process","volume":"312","author":"Gnanasekaran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201901997","article-title":"Fundamentals of TiO2 photocatalysis: concepts, mechanisms, and challenges","volume":"31","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2015.04.032","article-title":"CoFe2O4@TiO2 decorated reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of chlorpyrifos","volume":"208","author":"Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.142566","article-title":"Peroxymonosulfate-assisted photocatalysis by a novel Ti3C2-based heterojunction catalyst (g-C3N4\/Ti3C2\/MnFe2O4) for enhanced degradation of naphthalene","volume":"464","author":"Hou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib14","article-title":"Magnetic TiO2\/CoFe2O4 photocatalysts for degradation of organic dyes and pharmaceuticals without","volume":"12","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"oxidants. Nanomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2022.108204","article-title":"Integrated photocatalytic technologies in water treatment using ferrites nanoparticles","volume":"10","author":"Jarusheh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5725","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.0c00232","article-title":"Oxygen-vacancy-rich BiO2\u2212x\/Ag3PO4\/CNT composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) removal via visible and near-infrared light irradiation","volume":"59","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib17","article-title":"A look beyond the priority: a systematic review of the genotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic endpoints of non-priority PAHs","volume":"278","author":"Junior","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/aesr.202100162","article-title":"Defect state modulation of TiO2 nanostructures for photocatalytic abatement of emerging pharmaceutical pollutant in wastewater effluent","volume":"3","author":"Kar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Sustainability Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111047","article-title":"Rare earth metal (Sm) doped zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) for improved photocatalytic elimination of toxic dye from aquatic system","volume":"197","author":"Keerthana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susmat.2019.e00140","article-title":"Photocatalytic application of spinel ferrite nanoparticles and nanocomposites in wastewater treatment: review","volume":"23","author":"Kefeni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2013.12.046","article-title":"Synthesis of magnetically separable core@shell structured NiFe2O4@TiO2 nanomaterial and its use for photocatalytic hydrogen production by methanol\/water splitting","volume":"243","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6368","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-33473-9","article-title":"Self-healing perovskite solar cells based on copolymer-templated TiO2 electron transport layer","volume":"13","author":"Lalpour","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scientifc Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12385-1","article-title":"Photocatalytic water splitting by N-TiO2 on MgO (111) with exceptional quantum efficiencies at elevated temperatures","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfin.2021.101296","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles via microwave method: Investigation of photocatalytic performance of Congo red degradation dye","volume":"25","author":"Magdalane","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surfaces and Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12796","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b03283","article-title":"Acute toxicity, teratogenic, and estrogenic effects of bisphenol A and its alternative replacements bisphenol S, bisphenol F, and bisphenol AF in zebrafish embryo-larvae environ","volume":"51","author":"Moreman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7886","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19137886","article-title":"Bibliometric analysis of the toxicity of bisphenol A","volume":"19","author":"Ni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib27","article-title":"Multifunctional core-shell NiFe2O4 shield with TiO2\/rGO nanostructures for biomedical and environmental applications","volume":"2022","author":"Nimshi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioinorgan. Chem. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.112875","article-title":"Biodegradation of hazardous naphthalene and cleaner production of rhamnolipids \u2014 green approaches of pollution mitigation","volume":"209","author":"Patowary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31622","DOI":"10.1039\/D0RA05133K","article-title":"Spinel ferrite (AFe2O4)-based heterostructured designs for lithium-ion battery, environmental monitoring, and biomedical applications","volume":"10","author":"Pham","year":"2020","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2005.07.007","article-title":"Anti-microbial active composite nanoparticles with magnetic core and photocatalytic shell: TiO2\u2013NiFe2O4 biomaterial system","volume":"1","author":"Rana","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1007\/s11595-020-2259-8","article-title":"Effects of elemental chemical state in NiFe2O4@TiO2 on the photocatalytic performance","volume":"35","author":"Rui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.04.131","article-title":"Photocatalytic degradation of naphthalene using calcined Fe\u2013ZnO\/PVA nanofibers","volume":"205","author":"Sekar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1039\/D2NA00842D","article-title":"Iron-selenide-based titanium dioxide nanocomposites as a novel electrode material for asymmetric supercapacitors operating at 2.3 V","volume":"5","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nanoscale Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpcs.2021.110419","article-title":"Enhanced structural, optical, and photocatalytic activities of Cd\u2013Co doped Zn ferrites for degrading methyl orange dye under irradiation by visible light","volume":"161","author":"Shakil","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Solid."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envc.2021.100332","article-title":"Using NiFe2O4 as a nano photocatalyst for degradation of polyvinyl alcohol in synthetic wastewater","volume":"5","author":"Shokri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environmental Challenges"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib36","article-title":"Tuning the structural, magnetic, and optical properties of ZnO\/NiFe2O4 heterojunction photocatalyst for simultaneous photodegradation of Rhodamine B and Methylene Blue under natural sunlight","volume":"28","author":"Stiadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Eng. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib37","article-title":"Degradation of organic pollutants by NiFe2O4\/peroxymonosulfate: efficiency, influential factors and catalytic mechanism","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7811","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA10671A","article-title":"Supercapacitive performance of TiO2 boosted by a unique porous TiO2\/Ti network and activated Ti3+","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2021.162990","article-title":"Visible-light-activated TiO2\u2013NiFe2O4 heterojunction for detecting subppm trimethylamine","volume":"898","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.128498","article-title":"Enhancement of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 by immobilization on activated carbon for degradation of aquatic naphthalene under sunlight irradiation","volume":"412","author":"Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3193","DOI":"10.1039\/D2RA07640C","article-title":"La2CoO4+\u03b4 perovskite-mediated peroxymonosulfate activation for the efficient degradation of bisphenol A","volume":"13","author":"Zhong","year":"2023","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.7b00407","article-title":"Magnetic nanomaterials: chemical design, synthesis, and potential applications","volume":"51","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653523025444?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653523025444?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T13:29:36Z","timestamp":1758634176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653523025444"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0045653523025444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nanosized core-shell (NiFe2O4\/TiO2) heterostructure for enhanced photodegradation against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140274","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"140274"}}