{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:46:15Z","timestamp":1790736375146,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T05:27:15Z","timestamp":1701494835000},"page":"140858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter chemical constituents and the risk of stillbirth and the mediating role of pregnancy complications: A cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"349","author":[{"given":"Tianshan","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingrong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyac211","article-title":"Maternal age and the risk of low birthweight and preterm delivery: a pan-Nordic comparison","volume":"52","author":"Aradhya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3067","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-12-3067-2020","article-title":"A homogenized daily in situ PM2.5 concentration dataset from the national air quality monitoring network in China","volume":"12","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.8243","article-title":"Association of air pollution and heat exposure with preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth in the US: a systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Bekkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e98","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00275-2","article-title":"National, regional, and worldwide estimates of stillbirth rates in 2015, with trends from 2000: a systematic analysis","volume":"4","author":"Blencowe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3866","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11654-3","article-title":"Ambient black carbon particles reach the fetal side of human placenta","volume":"10","author":"Bove","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111123","article-title":"Global PM2.5-attributable health burden from 1990 to 2017: estimates from the Global Burden of disease study 2017","volume":"197","author":"Bu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14494","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c02373","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to specific PM(2.5) chemical constituents and preterm birth in China: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"54","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120594","article-title":"Air pollution and stillbirth risk: exposure to airborne particulate matter during pregnancy is associated with fetal death","volume":"10","author":"DeFranco","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.10.015","article-title":"Cause-specific stillbirth and exposure to chemical constituents and sources of fine particulate matter","volume":"160","author":"Ebisu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws029","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and the risk of stillbirth","volume":"176","author":"Faiz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.168287","article-title":"Association of ambient air pollution and pregnancy rate among women undergoing assisted reproduction technology in Fujian, China: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"908","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1306837","article-title":"Outdoor air pollution, preterm birth, and low birth weight: analysis of the world health organization global survey on maternal and perinatal health","volume":"122","author":"Fleischer Nancy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62233-7","article-title":"Major risk factors for stillbirth in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"377","author":"Flenady","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-008-0664-x","article-title":"Stillbirth following previous cesarean section in Bavaria\/Germany 1987\u20132005","volume":"279","author":"Franz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.03.074","article-title":"Etiology and prevention of stillbirth","volume":"193","author":"Fretts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12106","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c01863","article-title":"Tracking air pollution in China: near real-time PM2.5 retrievals from multisource data fusion","volume":"55","author":"Geng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9187","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-9187-2017","article-title":"Chemical composition of ambient PM2.5 over China and relationship to precursor emissions during 2005\u20132012","volume":"17","author":"Geng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2017-0033","article-title":"Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and spontaneous abortion and stillbirth","volume":"33","author":"Grippo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Assessment of the association between ambient air pollution and stillbirth in the UK: results from a secondary analysis of the MiNESS case\u2013control study","volume":"00","author":"Hammer","year":"2023","journal-title":"BJOG An Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-023-00962-3","article-title":"Short-term effects and economic burden of air pollutants on acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in Southwest China: a time-series study","volume":"22","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa259","article-title":"Air pollution and risk of placental abruption: a study of births in New York city, 2008-2014","volume":"190","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01112-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national estimates and trends in stillbirths from 2000 to 2019: a systematic assessment","volume":"398","author":"Hug","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics9090209","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and stillbirths risk","volume":"9","author":"Jalaludin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2022.118972","article-title":"Global validation and hybrid calibration of CAMS and MERRA-2 PM2.5 reanalysis products based on OpenAQ platform","volume":"274","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP5838","article-title":"A quantile-based g-computation approach to addressing the effects of exposure mixtures","volume":"128","author":"Keil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2020.11.015","article-title":"A review of stillbirth definitions: a rationale for change","volume":"256","author":"Kelly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23054","article-title":"A longitudinal investigation of racial discrimination, distress intolerance, and psychological well-being in African American college students","volume":"77","author":"Le","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.10.109","article-title":"Impact of ambient PM(2.5) on adverse birth outcome and potential molecular mechanism","volume":"169","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2021.113795","article-title":"Maternal PM(2.5) exposure associated with stillbirth: a large birth cohort study in seven Chinese cities","volume":"236","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16517","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c06510","article-title":"Tracking daily concentrations of PM(2.5) chemical composition in China since 2000","volume":"56","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.10.140","article-title":"Analysis of the adverse health effects of PM(2.5) from 2001 to 2017 in China and the role of urbanization in aggravating the health burden","volume":"652","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60716-9","article-title":"Rate of caesarean section is alarming in China","volume":"383","author":"Mi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-021-00299-4","article-title":"Exposure to chemical components of fine particulate matter and ozone, and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications in Tokyo: a register-based study","volume":"32","author":"Michikawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib34","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcome in South Asia: a systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Mistry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Diabetes Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2016.66","article-title":"Measurement error in mobile source air pollution exposure estimates due to residential mobility during pregnancy","volume":"27","author":"Pennington","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.02.001","article-title":"Particulate air pollution, fetal growth and gestational length: the influence of residential mobility in pregnancy","volume":"147","author":"Pereira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.145759","article-title":"Mixtures modeling identifies chemical inducers versus repressors of toxicity associated with wildfire smoke","volume":"775","author":"Rager","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14971","article-title":"Making stillbirths visible: a systematic review of globally reported causes of stillbirth","volume":"125","author":"Reinebrant","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110103","article-title":"A case-crossover study of short-term air pollution exposure and the risk of stillbirth in California, 1999-2009","volume":"191","author":"Sarovar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8406","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c08393","article-title":"Associations of ambient fine particulate matter and its chemical constituents with birth weight for gestational age in China: a nationwide survey","volume":"56","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11473","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c01103","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to PM(2.5) and its specific components and risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: a nationwide cohort study in China","volume":"56","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2015-103086","article-title":"Prenatal ambient air pollution exposure and the risk of stillbirth: systematic review and meta-analysis of the empirical evidence","volume":"73","author":"Siddika","year":"2016","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105290","article-title":"Impacts of air pollution and noise on risk of preterm birth and stillbirth in London","volume":"134","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134985","article-title":"The correlation between PM(2.5) exposure and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: a Meta-analysis","volume":"703","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-021-01785-x","article-title":"Maternal tobacco exposure and health-related quality of life during pregnancy: a national-based study of pregnant women in China","volume":"19","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.115841","article-title":"Prenatal ambient air pollutants exposure and the risk of stillbirth in Wuhan, central of China","volume":"228","author":"Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01295-2","article-title":"China's three-child policy","volume":"397","author":"Tatum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12030","article-title":"Decreasing perinatal mortality in placental abruption","volume":"92","author":"Tikkanen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-011-0076-x","article-title":"RMediation: an R package for mediation analysis confidence intervals","volume":"43","author":"Tofighi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyac103","article-title":"Time-varying association between fetal death and gestational exposure to ambient fine particles: a nationwide epidemiological study of 49 million fetuses in the contiguous US from 1989 to 2004","volume":"51","author":"Tong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2021.113720","article-title":"Prenatal particulate matter exposure and intrauterine fetal death","volume":"234","author":"Wainstock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.161552","article-title":"Improved estimation of particulate matter in China based on multisource data fusion","volume":"869","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.106963","article-title":"Effect of maternal alcohol consumption during the pre-pregnancy\/early-pregnancy period on congenital heart disease: a prospective cohort study in Central China","volume":"155","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1233-8","article-title":"Caesarean deliveries in China","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bmc Pregnancy Childb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx335","article-title":"Investigating the impact of maternal residential mobility on identifying critical windows of susceptibility to ambient air pollution during pregnancy","volume":"187","author":"Warren","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.123871","article-title":"Relationship between ambient PM(2.5) exposure and blood cadmium level in children under 14 years in Beijing, China","volume":"403","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13229","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-22-13229-2022","article-title":"Spatiotemporal continuous estimates of daily 1km PM2.5 from 2000 to present under the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) framework","volume":"22","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6922","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c04548","article-title":"Tracking PM2.5 and O3 pollution and the related health burden in China 2013\u20132020","volume":"56","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131169","article-title":"Maternal exposure to PM(2.5) was linked to elevated risk of stillbirth","volume":"283","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.18.208447","article-title":"Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and stillbirth rates: a facility-based study in China","volume":"96","author":"Xiong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12971-017-0140-0","article-title":"Smoking in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in China","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tob. Induc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6950","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34250-4","article-title":"Estimation of stillbirths attributable to ambient fine particles in 137 countries","volume":"13","author":"Xue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45184","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-25526-3","article-title":"Exposure-lag response of fine particulate matter on intrauterine fetal death: an analysis using a distributed lag non-linear model in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, China","volume":"30","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2018.01.014","article-title":"Ambient air pollution the risk of stillbirth: a prospective birth cohort study in Wuhan, China","volume":"221","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.124904","article-title":"Critical windows for maternal fine particulate matter exposure and adverse birth outcomes: the Shanghai birth cohort study","volume":"240","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/EE9.0000000000000207","article-title":"Is maternal employment site a source of exposure misclassification in studies of environmental exposures and birth outcomes? A simulation-based bias analysis of haloacetic acids in tap water and hypospadias","volume":"6","author":"Zaganjor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Epidemio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31405-2","article-title":"The effects of China's universal two-child policy","volume":"388","author":"Zeng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2016.1","article-title":"Maternal exposure to air pollutant PM2.5 and PM10 during pregnancy and risk of congenital heart defects","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116752","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and stillbirth: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies","volume":"278","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138982","article-title":"Increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in women with higher prepregnancy ambient PM(2.5) exposure","volume":"730","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131539","article-title":"Ambient PM(2.5), ozone and mortality in Chinese older adults: a nationwide cohort analysis (2005-2018)","volume":"454","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653523031284?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653523031284?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T13:47:36Z","timestamp":1758635256000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653523031284"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":71,"alternative-id":["S0045653523031284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter chemical constituents and the risk of stillbirth and the mediating role of pregnancy complications: A cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140858","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"140858"}}