{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T17:13:39Z","timestamp":1786986819542,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002661","name":"Fund for Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T11:46:09Z","timestamp":1737805569000},"page":"144148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Environmental exposure to single and combined ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles: Implications for rainbow trout gill immune functions and microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"373","author":[{"given":"Mahaut","family":"Beghin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Ambroise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6096-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mutien-Marie","family":"Garigliany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Cornet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Kestemont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2023.108628","article-title":"The antibacterial activity and immunomodulatory effect of naturally synthesized chitosan and silver nanoparticles against Pseudomonas fluorescence infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): an in vivo study","volume":"135","author":"Aly","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2018.01.004","article-title":"Myeloperoxidase: its role for host defense, inflammation, and neutrophil function","volume":"640","author":"Aratani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.03.133","article-title":"Exposure to TiO 2 nanoparticles induces shifts in the microbiota composition of Mytilus galloprovincialis hemolymph","volume":"670","author":"Auguste","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.118661","article-title":"Pristine and sulfidized ZnO nanoparticles alter microbial community structure and nitrogen cycling in freshwater lakes","volume":"294","author":"Bao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1007\/s40726-022-00237-4","article-title":"Critical review of engineered nanoparticles: environmental concentrations and toxicity","volume":"8","author":"Bathi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Pollut. Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2024.106981","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of single and combined exposure to ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles on rainbow trout challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida achromogenes","volume":"272","author":"Beghin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.011","article-title":"Role of the microbiota in immunity and inflammation","volume":"157","author":"Belkaid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiac076","article-title":"Glyphosate-based herbicide exposure: effects on gill microbiota of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the aquatic bacterial ecosystem","volume":"98","author":"Bellec","year":"2022","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24578","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-7915-3","article-title":"Single and combined effects of aluminum (Al2O3) and zinc (ZnO) oxide nanoparticles in a freshwater fish, Carassius auratus","volume":"23","author":"Benavides","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2014.982737","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory toxicity of environmentally relevant zinc oxide nanoparticles in the freshwater fish Catostomus commersonii","volume":"9","author":"Bessemer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12908","article-title":"Epitheliocystis in fish: an emerging aquaculture disease with a global impact","volume":"65","author":"Blandford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0470-z","article-title":"Optimizing taxonomic classification of marker-gene amplicon sequences with QIIME 2's q2-feature-classifier plugin","volume":"6","author":"Bokulich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2018.11.079","article-title":"Analysis of the gut and gill microbiome of resistant and susceptible lines of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"86","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869","article-title":"DADA2: high-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data","volume":"13","author":"Callahan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib16","series-title":"Mucosal Health in Aquaculture","article-title":"Overview of fish immunity","author":"Castro","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib17","article-title":"Research advances in the structure, function, and regulation of the gill barrier in teleost fish","volume":"2","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Biol. Secur."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.08.024","article-title":"Chronic dietary toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): tissue accumulation and physiological responses","volume":"147","author":"Chupani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1126\/science.199.4335.1302","article-title":"Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs author(s)","volume":"199","author":"Connell","year":"1978","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2019.02.012","article-title":"Effects of the chronic exposure to cerium dioxide nanoparticles in Oncorhynchus mykiss: assessment of oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and histological alterations","volume":"68","author":"Correia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.2.750-759.2001","article-title":"Antigenic characterization of the fish pathogen Flavobacterium psychrophilum","volume":"67","author":"Crump","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-022-11895-1","article-title":"Salinity significantly affects intestinal microbiota and gene expression in striped catfish juveniles","volume":"106","author":"Dang Quang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104043","article-title":"Nano-titanium dioxide induced genotoxicity and histological lesions in a tropical fish model, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","volume":"98","author":"De Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22963","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-2393-4","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species and other biochemical and morphological biomarkers in the gills and kidneys of the Neotropical freshwater fish, Prochilodus lineatus, exposed to titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles","volume":"25","author":"do Carmo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0548-6","article-title":"PICRUSt2 for prediction of metagenome functions","volume":"38","author":"Douglas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.115840","article-title":"Do environmental concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticle pose ecotoxicological risk to aquatic fungi associated with leaf litter decomposition?","volume":"178","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2023.114600","article-title":"Toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the histology, liver physiological and metabolism, and intestinal microbiota of grouper","volume":"187","author":"Duan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1006\/fsim.1998.0192","article-title":"Immunity to bacteria in fish","volume":"9","author":"Ellis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39461-x","article-title":"Important role of endogenous microbial symbionts of fish gills in the challenging but highly biodiverse Amazonian blackwaters","volume":"14","author":"Fran\u00e7ois-\u00c9tienne","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib30","series-title":"Rate of Growth of Sea Fishes","author":"Fulton","year":"1902"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2014.01.001","article-title":"Comparative skin mucus and serum humoral defence mechanisms in the teleost gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)","volume":"36","author":"Guardiola","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/fwb.13437","article-title":"Microbiota associated with the skin, gills, and gut of the fish Parachondrostoma toxostoma from the Rh\u00f4ne basin","volume":"65","author":"Guivier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Freshw. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.impact.2016.06.005","article-title":"TiO2 nanoparticles reduce the effects of ZnO nanoparticles and Zn ions on zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio)","volume":"2","author":"Hua","year":"2016","journal-title":"NanoImpact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.00067","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota and immune modulation in zebrafish by fucoidan from okinawa Mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus)","volume":"7","author":"Ikeda-Ohtsubo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib35","first-page":"2697","article-title":"Engineered nanomaterials in the context of global element cycles","volume":"6","author":"Jankovi\u0107","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2012.04.005","article-title":"Immunotoxicology of non-functionalized engineered nanoparticles in aquatic organisms with special emphasis on fish-Review of current knowledge, gap identification, and call for further research","volume":"118\u2013119","author":"Jovanovi\u0107","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2023.106523","article-title":"Modulatory effect of thymol on the immune response and susceptibility to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia fish exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles","volume":"259","author":"Khalil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.09.024","article-title":"A comparative toxicity study between small and large size zinc oxide nanoparticles in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): organ pathologies, osmoregulatory responses and immunological parameters","volume":"144","author":"Kaya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1021\/ez400106t","article-title":"Predicted releases of engineered nanomaterials: from global to regional to local","volume":"1","author":"Keller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib39","article-title":"Evaluation of potential immunotoxic effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) on antioxidant capacity, immune responses and tissue bioaccumulation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","volume":"244","author":"Khoei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part C: Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochx.2023.101051","article-title":"Biogenic silver nanoparticles: synthesis, applications and challenges in food sector with special emphasis on aquaculture","volume":"20","author":"Khursheed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem. X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib41","series-title":"Microbiome Package","author":"Lathi","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02664","article-title":"The inner workings of the outer surface : skin and gill microbiota as indicators of changing gut health in yellowtail kingfish","volume":"8","author":"Legrand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiaa255","article-title":"Microeco: an R package for data mining in microbial community ecology","volume":"97","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.90891","article-title":"Antimicrobial effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles","author":"L\u00f3pez De Dicastillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance - A One Health Perspective"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s10126-010-9279-x","article-title":"Immunological control of fish diseases","volume":"12","author":"Magnadottir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2023.116569","article-title":"Oxidative stress, genotoxic effects, and other damages caused by chronic exposure to silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and their mixtures in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"472","author":"Mahjoubian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15275","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-6690-5","article-title":"In vivo exposure of the marine clam Ruditapes philippinarum to zinc oxide nanoparticles: responses in gills, digestive gland and haemolymph","volume":"23","author":"Marisa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.14806\/ej.17.1.200","article-title":"Cutadapt removes adapter sequences from high-throughput sequencing reads","volume":"17","author":"Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBnet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.11.017","article-title":"Ingestion of metal-nanoparticle contaminated food disrupts endogenous microbiota in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"174","author":"Merrifield","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165212","article-title":"Comparison of the gill and gut microbiomes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) and their RAS environment","volume":"896","author":"Mes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12745","article-title":"Fish disease prevention via microbial dysbiosis-associated biomarkers in aquaculture","volume":"15","author":"Mougin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Aquacult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2018.10.002","article-title":"Gold nanoparticles exposure modulates antioxidant and innate immune gene expression in the gills of Sparus aurata","volume":"110","author":"Na-Phatthalung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib54","series-title":"Vegan: Community Ecology Package","author":"Oksanen","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1080\/17435390.2020.1860265","article-title":"Biomedical nanomaterials: applications, toxicological concerns, and regulatory needs","volume":"15","author":"Oksel Karakus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2017.06.023","article-title":"Can non-invasive methods be used to assess effects of nanoparticles in fish?","volume":"95","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecol. Indicat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib57","first-page":"444","article-title":"Variation in regional risk of engineered nanoparticles: nanoTiO2 as a case study","volume":"6","author":"Parker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.118072","article-title":"Fish acute toxicity of nine nanomaterials: need of pre-tests to ensure comparability and reuse of data","volume":"245","author":"Pulido-Reyes","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(97)00048-2","article-title":"A rapid, direct assay to measure degranulation of bovine neutrophil primary granules","volume":"58","author":"Quade","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1219","article-title":"The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools","volume":"41","author":"Quast","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib61","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1080\/17435390.2022.2041756","article-title":"Immunotoxic effects of metal-based nanoparticles in fish and bivalves","volume":"16","author":"Rastgar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11020539","article-title":"The pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida achromogenes induces fast immune and microbiota modifications in rainbow trout","volume":"11","author":"Redivo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1100\/2011\/212680","article-title":"Role of the inflammasome, IL-1\u03b2, and IL-18 in bacterial infections","volume":"11","author":"Sahoo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R60","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2011-12-6-r60","article-title":"Metagenomic biomarker discovery and explanation","volume":"12","author":"Segata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47789","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-024-34360-0","article-title":"Behavioural changes, DNA damage and histological alterations in Labeo rohita fingerlings in response to organic-coated silver nanoparticles","volume":"31","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15224","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201604964","article-title":"Aquatic ecotoxicity testing of nanoparticles\u2014the quest to disclose nanoparticle effects","volume":"55","author":"Skjolding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12424","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b01907","article-title":"Dynamic model for the stocks and release flows of engineered nanomaterials","volume":"51","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2013.10.004","article-title":"Comprehensive probabilistic modelling of environmental emissions of engineered nanomaterials","volume":"185","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2854","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b05702","article-title":"Envisioning nano release dynamics in a changing world: using dynamic probabilistic modeling to assess future environmental emissions of engineered nanomaterials","volume":"51","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2019.00147","article-title":"Toxicogenomics of gold nanoparticles in a marine fish: linkage to classical biomarkers","volume":"6","author":"Teles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.17221\/3294-VETMED","article-title":"Innate and adaptive immunity in teleost fish: a review","volume":"56","author":"Uribe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Med. (Praha)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.110353","article-title":"The effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) sublethal concentrations on common carp (Cyprinus carpio): bioaccumulation, hematology, serum biochemistry and immunology, antioxidant enzymes, and skin mucosal responses","volume":"194","author":"Vali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1111\/1758-2229.12407","article-title":"Branchial nitrogen cycle symbionts can remove ammonia in fish gills","volume":"8","author":"van Kessel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2002-3-7-research0034","article-title":"Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes","volume":"3","author":"Vandesompele","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.121651","article-title":"Multiple effects of ZnO nanoparticles on goldfish (Carassius auratus): skin mucus, gut microbiota and stable isotope composition","volume":"329","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib77","article-title":"MicrobiotaProcess: A comprehensive R package for deep mining microbiome","volume":"4","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Innovation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118","article-title":"ClusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"OMICS A J. Integr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.393-395.1488","article-title":"Study on the antimicrobial properties of ZnO suspension against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria strains","volume":"393\u2013395","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Res."}],"container-title":["Chemosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653525000906?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045653525000906?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:55:46Z","timestamp":1749689746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045653525000906"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":80,"alternative-id":["S0045653525000906"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-6535","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Environmental exposure to single and combined ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles: Implications for rainbow trout gill immune functions and microbiota","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chemosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144148","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"144148"}}