{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T03:30:35Z","timestamp":1790134235409,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T02:50:07Z","timestamp":1513824607000},"page":"84-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["The Burden of Viruses in Pneumonia Associated With Acute Respiratory Failure"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Andrew F.","family":"Shorr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott T.","family":"Micek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marin H.","family":"Kollef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2016.1190277","article-title":"Can we improve clinical outcomes in patients with pneumonia treated with antibiotics in the intensive care unit?","volume":"10","author":"Nicolau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2017.1250625","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"15","author":"Schreiber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.002","article-title":"Antimicrobial stewardship approaches in the intensive care unit","volume":"31","author":"Doernberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4682-7","article-title":"The intensive care medicine research agenda on multidrug-resistant bacteria, antibiotics, and stewardship","volume":"43","author":"Kollef","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2383-z","article-title":"Carbapenem resistance, inappropriate empiric treatment and outcomes among patients hospitalized with Enterobacteriaceae urinary tract infection, pneumonia and sepsis","volume":"17","author":"Zilberberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1275534","article-title":"Antibiotic stewardship in the intensive care unit","volume":"32","author":"Arnold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1500245","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. adults","volume":"373","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201112-2240OC","article-title":"Viral infection in patients with severe pneumonia requiring intensive care unit admission","volume":"186","author":"Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e95865","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095865","article-title":"Viral infection is not uncommon in adult patients with severe hospital-acquired pneumonia","volume":"9","author":"Hong","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2017.111","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective one-year survey of combined pneumonia and respiratory failure","volume":"18","author":"Fisher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw504","article-title":"Executive summary: management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society","volume":"63","author":"Kalil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90129-5","article-title":"Validation of a combined comorbidity index","volume":"47","author":"Charlson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198510000-00009","article-title":"APACHE II: a severity\u00a0of disease classification system","volume":"13","author":"Knaus","year":"1985","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.105155","article-title":"Respiratory viruses in bronchoalveolar lavage: a hospital-based cohort study in adults","volume":"64","author":"Garbino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.11.023","article-title":"Viruses are prevalent in non-ventilated hospital-acquired pneumonia","volume":"122","author":"Shorr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Med"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369217332361?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369217332361?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T08:03:38Z","timestamp":1757923418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369217332361"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369217332361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.732345695.793542598","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Burden of Viruses in Pneumonia Associated With Acute Respiratory Failure","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2017.12.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}