{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:22:38Z","timestamp":1790266958741,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,17]],"date-time":"2018-05-17T13:04:43Z","timestamp":1526562283000},"page":"1052-1060","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Sarcoidosis Diagnostic Score"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Alexandra N.","family":"Bickett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elyse E.","family":"Lower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert P.","family":"Baughman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.2.ats4-99","article-title":"Statement on sarcoidosis","volume":"160","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201006-0865CI","article-title":"A\u00a0concise review of pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"183","author":"Baughman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2008.03.009","article-title":"The diagnosis of sarcoidosis","volume":"29","author":"Judson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1381229","article-title":"Clinical presentation of sarcoidosis and diagnostic work-up","volume":"35","author":"Valeyre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcl038","article-title":"Presenting characteristics as predictors of duration of treatment for sarcoidosis","volume":"99","author":"Baughman","year":"2006","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib6","first-page":"119","article-title":"The clinical course of sarcoidosis: presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in a large white and black cohort in the United States","volume":"29","author":"Judson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib7","first-page":"159","article-title":"The mode of presentation of sarcoidosis in Finland and Hokkaido, Japan. A comparative analysis of 571 Finnish and 686 Japanese patients","volume":"13","author":"Pietinalho","year":"1996","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib8","first-page":"19","article-title":"The WASOG Sarcoidosis Organ Assessment Instrument: an update of a previous clinical tool","volume":"31","author":"Judson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib9","first-page":"75","article-title":"Defining organ involvement in sarcoidosis: the ACCESS proposed instrument","volume":"16","author":"Judson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.08.1457","article-title":"Cardiac sarcoidosis: the impact of age and implanted devices on survival","volume":"151","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib11","first-page":"149","article-title":"ATS\/ERS\/WASOG statement on sarcoidosis. American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society\/World Association of Sarcoidosis and other Granulomatous Disorders","volume":"16","author":"Hunninghake","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2012.10.006","article-title":"Procurement of shared data instruments for Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap)","volume":"46","author":"Obeid","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200608-1197OC","article-title":"Sex-specific manifestations of Lofgren's syndrome","volume":"175","author":"Grunewald","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.10.2104046","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of patients in a case control study of sarcoidosis","volume":"164","author":"Baughman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201511-760OC","article-title":"Sarcoidosis in America. Analysis based on health care use","volume":"13","author":"Baughman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib16","first-page":"S105","article-title":"Symposium: population differences in clinical features and prognosis of sarcoidosis throughout the world","volume":"9","author":"Izumi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-3685-4","article-title":"Chest computed tomography-based scoring of thoracic sarcoidosis: inter-rater reliability of CT abnormalities","volume":"25","author":"van den Heuvel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.94.2.343","article-title":"Airway obstruction in sarcoidosis. A study of 123 nonsmoking black American patients with sarcoidosis","volume":"94","author":"Sharma","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.2.406","article-title":"The diagnostic pathway to sarcoidosis","volume":"123","author":"Judson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib20","first-page":"19","article-title":"The WASOG Sarcoidosis Organ Assessment Instrument: an update of a previous clinical tool","volume":"31","author":"Judson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36518","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis","volume":"23","author":"Bradley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00000914","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of ustekinumab or golimumab in patients with chronic sarcoidosis","volume":"44","author":"Judson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200603-402OC","article-title":"Infliximab therapy in patients with chronic sarcoidosis and pulmonary involvement","volume":"174","author":"Baughman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1080\/09273940902818861","article-title":"International criteria for the diagnosis of ocular sarcoidosis: results of the first International Workshop On Ocular Sarcoidosis (IWOS)","volume":"17","author":"Herbort","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/92.2.103","article-title":"Central nervous system sarcoidosis\u2013diagnosis and management","volume":"92","author":"Zajicek","year":"1999","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.03.043","article-title":"HRS expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of arrhythmias associated with cardiac sarcoidosis","volume":"11","author":"Birnie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200608-1197OC","article-title":"Sex-specific manifestations of Lofgren's syndrome","volume":"175","author":"Grunewald","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00189011","article-title":"Granulomatosis-associated common variable immunodeficiency disorder: a case-control study versus sarcoidosis","volume":"41","author":"Bouvry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1377059","article-title":"Sarcoidosis and chronic beryllium disease: similarities and differences","volume":"35","author":"Mayer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPNC7STHG0FWMP","article-title":"Use of likelihood ratios improves interpretation of laboratory testing for pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"134","author":"De Smet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2002.10750.x","article-title":"Simplifying likelihood ratios","volume":"17","author":"McGee","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47061.x","article-title":"The specificity and nature of serum-angiotensin-converting enzyme (serum ACE) elevations in sarcoidosis","volume":"278","author":"Lieberman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1080\/00365510701854975","article-title":"Chitotriosidase and soluble IL-2 receptor: comparison of two markers of sarcoidosis severity","volume":"68","author":"Bargagli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369218307396?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369218307396?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T08:05:30Z","timestamp":1757923530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369218307396"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369218307396"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sarcoidosis Diagnostic Score","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}