{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T13:12:03Z","timestamp":1794316323958,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596499200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":369,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23HL133438"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23HL133438"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006259","name":"Teva Pharmaceutical Industries","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006259","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007560","name":"Chiesi Farmaceutici","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCT00608764"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCT00608764"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HL089856"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL089856"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HL089897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL089897"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008184","name":"COPD Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008184","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SORCH15RO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SORCH15RO"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005620","name":"North Carolina GlaxoSmithKline Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005620","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008272","name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009655","name":"Sunovion","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012308","name":"National Jewish Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012308","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T02:04:12Z","timestamp":1559181852000},"page":"228-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Clinical Epidemiology of COPD"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"156","author":[{"given":"Diego J.","family":"Maselli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surya P.","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Anzueto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell P.","family":"Bowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn L.","family":"DeMeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro A.","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark T.","family":"Dransfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Fawzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn G.","family":"Foreman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola A.","family":"Hanania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig P.","family":"Hersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory L.","family":"Kinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirupama","family":"Putcha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily S.","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Michael","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria E.","family":"Westney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kendra A.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin K.","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MeiLan K.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry J.","family":"Make","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3109\/15412550903499522","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology of COPD (COPDGene) study design","volume":"7","author":"Regan","year":"2010","journal-title":"COPD"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00111707","article-title":"Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points (ECLIPSE)","volume":"31","author":"Vestbo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-203897","article-title":"Design of the subpopulations and intermediate outcomes in COPD study (SPIROMICS)","volume":"69","author":"Couper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2011.558864","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges in the genetics of COPD 2010: an International COPD Genetics Conference report","volume":"8","author":"Silverman","year":"2011","journal-title":"COPD"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201611-838OC","article-title":"Alpha-1 antitrypsin PiMZ genotype is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in two racial groups","volume":"14","author":"Foreman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-2948","article-title":"The chronic bronchitic phenotype of COPD: an analysis of the COPDGene study","volume":"140","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-15-52","article-title":"Clinical and computed tomographic predictors of chronic bronchitis in COPD: a cross sectional analysis of the COPDGene study","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201512-800OC","article-title":"Persistent and newly developed chronic bronchitis are associated with worse outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"6 pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiology standardization project (American Thoracic Society)","volume":"118","author":"Ferris","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201411-518OC","article-title":"Comparison between an alternative and the classic definition of chronic bronchitis in COPDGene","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2013.11.003","article-title":"The clinical impact of non-obstructive chronic bronchitis in current and former smokers","volume":"108","author":"Martinez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-12-127","article-title":"The clinical features of the overlap between COPD and asthma","volume":"12","author":"Hardin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00216013","article-title":"The clinical and genetic features of COPD-asthma overlap syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Hardin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201511-761OC","article-title":"Analysis of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome defined on the basis of bronchodilator response and degree of emphysema","volume":"13","author":"Cosentino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.11.038","article-title":"Asthma is a risk factor for respiratory exacerbations without increased rate of lung function decline: five-year follow-up in adult smokers from the COPDGene study","volume":"153","author":"Hayden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201011-1928OC","article-title":"Early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with female sex, maternal factors, and African American race in the COPDGene study","volume":"184","author":"Foreman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2011.586658","article-title":"Gender differences of airway dimensions in anatomically matched sites on CT in smokers","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"COPD"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-016-0191-7","article-title":"Risk factors for COPD exacerbations in inhaled medication users: the COPDGene study biannual longitudinal follow-up prospective cohort","volume":"16","author":"Busch","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.122002","article-title":"Gender differences in COPD: are women more susceptible to smoking effects than men?","volume":"65","author":"S\u00f8rheim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00996-2015","article-title":"Sex-specific features of emphysema among current and former smokers with COPD","volume":"47","author":"Hardin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-2946","article-title":"Prediction of acute respiratory disease in current and former smokers with and without COPD","volume":"146","author":"Bowler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201412-591OC","article-title":"Reduced bone density and vertebral fractures in smokers. Men and COPD patients at increased risk","volume":"12","author":"Jaramillo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-2869","article-title":"Racial differences in quality of life in patients with COPD","volume":"140","author":"Han","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2012.727921","article-title":"Racial differences in CT phenotypes in COPD","volume":"10","author":"Hansel","year":"2013","journal-title":"COPD"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib25","first-page":"105","article-title":"Comorbidities of COPD have a major impact on clinical outcomes, particularly in African Americans","volume":"1","author":"Putcha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.09.028","volume":"18","author":"Parulekar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2012.690010","article-title":"Automated telecommunication to obtain longitudinal follow-up in a multicenter cross-sectional COPD study","volume":"9","author":"Stewart","year":"2012","journal-title":"COPD"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201605-1014OC","article-title":"Acute exacerbations and lung function loss in smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"195","author":"Dransfield","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11110173","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations in the COPDGene study: associated radiologic phenotypes","volume":"261","author":"Han","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1203830","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial enlargement and acute exacerbations of COPD","volume":"367","author":"Wells","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154584","article-title":"Functional and prognostic implications of the main pulmonary artery diameter to aorta diameter ratio from chest computed tomography in Korean COPD patients","volume":"11","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201607-1330OC","article-title":"Biomarkers predictive of exacerbations in the SPIROMICS and COPDGene cohorts","volume":"195","author":"Keene","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114438","article-title":"A\u00a0simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD","volume":"9","author":"Putcha","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00044-2018","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular pruning in smokers with bronchiectasis","volume":"4","author":"Diaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01134-2017","article-title":"Chest computed tomography-derived low fat-free mass index and mortality in COPD","volume":"50","author":"McDonald","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib36","first-page":"8","article-title":"Abdominal visceral adipose tissue is associated with myocardial infarction in patients with COPD","volume":"2","author":"Diaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.08.1432","article-title":"Obesity is associated with increased morbidity in moderate to severe COPD","volume":"151","author":"Lambert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-14-164","article-title":"Non-emphysematous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with diabetes mellitus","volume":"14","author":"Hersh","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-1435","article-title":"Pulmonary function reduction in diabetes with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"37","author":"Kinney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib40","first-page":"739","article-title":"Pulmonary predictors of incident diabetes in smokers","volume":"3","author":"Kinney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1720","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2886","article-title":"Effect of the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast on glucose metabolism in patients with treatment-naive, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"97","author":"Wouters","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2014.898029","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease is associated with COPD severity and reduced functional status and quality of life","volume":"11","author":"Black-Shinn","year":"2014","journal-title":"COPD"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207251","article-title":"\u03b2-Blockers are associated with a reduction in COPD exacerbations","volume":"71","author":"Bhatt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.154484","article-title":"Identification and prospective validation of clinically relevant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) subtypes","volume":"66","author":"Garcia-Aymerich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-15-62","article-title":"Impact of self-reported gastroesophageal reflux disease in subjects from COPDGene cohort","volume":"15","author":"Martinez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Res"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369219311286?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369219311286?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T22:58:05Z","timestamp":1762124285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369219311286"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369219311286"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical Epidemiology of COPD","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2019.04.135","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc under license from the American College of Chest Physicians.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}